[python].04.dnspython模块的使用

• 安装
  • pip install dnspython
• dnspython版本：2.1.0
• python版本：3.9.4

# 主要API
def resolve(qname, rdtype=dns.rdatatype.A, rdclass=dns.rdataclass.IN,
            tcp=False, source=None, raise_on_no_answer=True,
            source_port=0, lifetime=None, search=None):
# rdclass:网络类型；
# tcp:指定査询是否启用TCP协议；
# source:査询源的地址；
# source_port:査询源的端口 ;
# raise_on_no_answer:指定査询无应答时是否触发异常，默认为True

• 其中，qname参数为查询的域名。rdtype参数用来指定RR资源的类型，常用的有以下几种
  • A记录，将主机名装换成IP地址
  • MX记录，邮件交换记录，定义邮件服务器的域名
  • CNAME记录，指别名记录，实现域名间的映射
  • NS记录，标记区域的域名服务器及授权子域
  • PTR记录，反向解析，与A记录相反，将IP装换成主机名;
  • SOA记录，SOA标记，一个起始授权区的定义

---

# A记录
import dns.resolver
domain = "baidu.com"
A = dns.resolver.resolve(domain,'A')
for i in A:
    print(i)

---

# MX记录
import dns.resolver
domain = "qq.com"
MX = dns.resolver.resolve(domain,'MX')
for i in MX:
    print(i)

---

# NS记录
import dns.resolver
domain = "qq.com"
NS = dns.resolver.resolve(domain,'NS')
for i in NS:
    print(i)

---

# CNAME记录
import dns.resolver
domain = "baidu.com"
CNAME = dns.resolver.resolve(domain,'CNAME')
for i in CNAME:
    print(i)

---

• 将其封装一下

import dns.resolver

def get_dns(domain, option):
    """
    DNS相关类型的数据解析成列表
    param:
        domain: 域名
        option: rdtype类型
    ret:
        data_list: rdtype对应的结果列表
    """
    data_list = []
    try:
        data = dns.resolver.resolve(domain,option)
        for i in data:
            data_list.append(str(i))
    except Exception as e:
        print(e)
    return data_list
    
def parse_dns(domain):
    """
    解析域名，返回解析的相关数据
    param:
        damain:
    ret:
        DNS_dict: {'A': ['220.181.38.xxx'], 'MX': [], 'NS': [], 'CNAME': []}
    """
    DNS_dict = {}
    A_list = get_dns(domain,"A")
    DNS_dict["A"] = A_list
    MX_list = get_dns(domain,"MX")
    DNS_dict["MX"] = MX_list
    NS_list = get_dns(domain,"NS")
    DNS_dict["NS"] = NS_list
    CNAME_list = get_dns(domain,"CNAME")
    DNS_dict["CNAME"] = CNAME_list
    return DNS_dict
    
def main():
    domain = "xxx.com"
    DNS_dict = parse_dns(domain)
    print(DNS_dict)
    
if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

---

dns轮询监控

import dns.resolver
import http.client
 
def get_ipList(domain):
    """
    解析A记录
    param:
        domain: 域名
    ret:
        ip_list: A记录，解析的IP列表
    """
    ip_list = []
    try:
        A = dns.resolver.resolve(domain, 'A')
    except Exception as e:
        print('dns resolver error'+str(e))
        return
    for i in A:
        ip_list.append(str(i))
    return ip_list
 
def check_ip(ip):
    """
    检查IP能否正常访问
    param:
        ip:
    ret:
        None
    """
    check_url = ip +':80'
    get_content = ''
    # 定义http连接超时5秒
    http.client.socket.setdefaulttimeout(5) 
    # 创建连接对象
    conn = http.client.HTTPConnection(check_url)
    try:
        # 发起url请求 添加host主机头部
        conn.request('GET', '/', headers={'Host':domain_app})
        r = conn.getresponse()
        # 获取url页面前15字符
        get_content = r.read(15).decode("utf-8")
        print("get--->",get_content)
    finally:
        if get_content.find("!DOCTYPE") != -1:
            print(str(ip) + '[OK]')
        else:
            print(str(ip) + '[error]')
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    domain_app ='www.baidu.com'
    ip_list = get_ipList(domain_app)
    if len(ip_list)>0:
        for ip in ip_list:
            check_ip(ip)
    else:
        print('dns resolver error')

---

python运维学习之dnspython模块