1、通过指令添加watch
get -w /test ⼀次性监听节点
ls -w /test 监听⽬录,创建和删除⼦节点会收到通知。⼦节点中新增节点不会收到通知
ls -R -w /test 对于⼦节点中⼦节点的变化,但内容的变化不会收到通知
get -w [path]指令能监控当前节点的数据变化和删除,无法监听到新增因为当前节点为空
ls -w [path]指令能监控到子节点的新增和删除,不能监控到子节点的数据变化和子节点下节点的增删改
2、使用Curator添加监控
(1)NodeCache:监控当前节点的增 删 改
代码:
package cn.com.demo.zookeeper.test.watch;
import cn.com.demo.zookeeper.constant.ZKParamConstant;
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFramework;
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFrameworkFactory;
import org.apache.curator.framework.recipes.cache.ChildData;
import org.apache.curator.framework.recipes.cache.NodeCache;
import org.apache.curator.framework.recipes.cache.NodeCacheListener;
import org.apache.curator.retry.RetryUntilElapsed;
public class NodeCatchTest {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//zkclient
RetryUntilElapsed retryPolicy = new RetryUntilElapsed(10 * 1000, 2 * 1000);
CuratorFramework client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.builder()
.connectString("127.0.0.1:2181,127.0.0.1:2182,127.0.0.1:2183")
.retryPolicy(retryPolicy)
// 会话超时
.sessionTimeoutMs(ZKParamConstant.SESSION_TIMEOUTMS * 1000)
// 连接超时
.connectionTimeoutMs(ZKParamConstant.CONNECTION_TIMEOUTMS * 1000)
.namespace("processor")
.build();
client.start();
//watch
NodeCache cache = new NodeCache(client,"/nodeCacheTest",false);
cache.start(true);
cache.getListenable().addListener(new NodeCacheListener() {
@Override
public void nodeChanged() throws Exception {
ChildData currentData = cache.getCurrentData();
if(currentData==null){
//删除节点的值会触发该逻辑
System.out.println("=====> 节点被删除了");
}else{
//新增节点或修改节点的值都会触发该逻辑
System.out.println("=====> 节点被修改了,新的数据为: "+new String(currentData.getData()));
}
}
});
Thread.sleep(1000000);
cache.close();
client.close();
}
}
直接用zk客户端操作:
运行结果:
(2)PathChildrenCache:用来监听指定节点 的子节点变化情况
代码实例:
package cn.com.demo.zookeeper.test.watch;
import cn.com.demo.zookeeper.constant.ZKParamConstant;
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFramework;
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFrameworkFactory;
import org.apache.curator.framework.recipes.cache.*;
import org.apache.curator.retry.RetryUntilElapsed;
import java.io.IOException;
public class PathChildrenCacheTest {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//zkclient
RetryUntilElapsed retryPolicy = new RetryUntilElapsed(10 * 1000, 2 * 1000);
CuratorFramework client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.builder()
.connectString("127.0.0.1:2181,127.0.0.1:2182,127.0.0.1:2183")
.retryPolicy(retryPolicy)
// 会话超时
.sessionTimeoutMs(ZKParamConstant.SESSION_TIMEOUTMS * 1000)
// 连接超时
.connectionTimeoutMs(ZKParamConstant.CONNECTION_TIMEOUTMS * 1000)
.namespace("processor")
.build();
client.start();
//watch
PathChildrenCache cache = new PathChildrenCache(client,"/pathChildrenCacheTest",true);
cache.start(PathChildrenCache.StartMode.POST_INITIALIZED_EVENT);
cache.getListenable().addListener(new PathChildrenCacheListener() {
@Override
public void childEvent(CuratorFramework client, PathChildrenCacheEvent event) throws Exception {
switch (event.getType()) {
case CHILD_ADDED:
System.out.println("=====> 子节点新增: "+ event.getData().getPath());
break;
case CHILD_REMOVED:
System.out.println("=====> 子节点删除 : "+ event.getData().getPath() +" 数据:"+ new String(event.getData().getData()));
break;
case CHILD_UPDATED:
System.out.println("=====> 子节点数据修改 : "+ event.getData().getPath() +" 数据:"+ new String(event.getData().getData()));
break;
default:
break;
}
}
});
Thread.sleep(1000000);
cache.close();
client.close();
}
}
操作:
结果:
- 会自动创建/pathChildrenCacheTest节点
- 能监控/pathChildrenCacheTest的子节点的数据的增删改
- 不能监控/pathChildrenCacheTest的子节点下的子节点的数据的增删改
(3) TreeCache:结合NodeCache和PathChildrenCahce的特性,是对整个目录进行监听
代码:
package cn.com.demo.zookeeper.test.watch;
import cn.com.demo.zookeeper.constant.ZKParamConstant;
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFramework;
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFrameworkFactory;
import org.apache.curator.framework.api.UnhandledErrorListener;
import org.apache.curator.framework.recipes.cache.*;
import org.apache.curator.retry.RetryUntilElapsed;
public class TreeCacheTest {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//zkclient
RetryUntilElapsed retryPolicy = new RetryUntilElapsed(10 * 1000, 2 * 1000);
CuratorFramework client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.builder()
.connectString("127.0.0.1:2181,127.0.0.1:2182,127.0.0.1:2183")
.retryPolicy(retryPolicy)
// 会话超时
.sessionTimeoutMs(ZKParamConstant.SESSION_TIMEOUTMS * 1000)
// 连接超时
.connectionTimeoutMs(ZKParamConstant.CONNECTION_TIMEOUTMS * 1000)
.namespace("processor")
.build();
client.start();
//watch
TreeCache cache = new TreeCache(client,"/treeCacheTest");
cache.start();
//添加错误监听器
cache.getUnhandledErrorListenable().addListener(new UnhandledErrorListener() {
@Override
public void unhandledError(String s, Throwable throwable) {
System.out.println("======> 错误原因:" + throwable.getMessage());
}
});
//节点变化的监听器
cache.getListenable().addListener(new TreeCacheListener() {
@Override
public void childEvent(CuratorFramework curatorFramework, TreeCacheEvent treeCacheEvent) throws Exception {
switch (treeCacheEvent.getType()) {
case INITIALIZED:
System.out.println("=====> 初始化");
break;
case NODE_ADDED:
byte[] data=treeCacheEvent.getData().getData();
System.out.println("=====> 新增节点: "+ treeCacheEvent.getData().getPath() +" 数据:"
+ (data==null?"":new String(data)));
break;
case NODE_REMOVED:
byte[] data2=treeCacheEvent.getData().getData();
System.out.println("=====> 删除节点: "+ treeCacheEvent.getData().getPath() +" 数据:"
+ (data2==null?"":new String(data2)));
if("/treeCacheTest/cantDelete".equals(treeCacheEvent.getData().getPath())){
throw new RuntimeException("/treeCacheTest/cantDelete节点一旦创建就不能删除");
}
break;
case NODE_UPDATED:
System.out.println("=====> 节点更新 : "+ treeCacheEvent.getData().getPath() +" 数据:"+ new String(treeCacheEvent.getData().getData()));
break;
default:
System.out.println("=====> treeCache Type:" + treeCacheEvent.getType());
break;
}
}
});
Thread.sleep(1000000);
cache.close();
client.close();
}
}
操作:
运行结果:代码每次启动时会自动运行初始化监控
1=====> 初始化
2=====> 新增节点: /treeCacheTest 数据:
3=====> 新增节点: /treeCacheTest/test1 数据:
4=====> 新增节点: /treeCacheTest/test1/test2 数据:
5=====> 节点更新 : /treeCacheTest/test1/test2 数据:2
6=====> 删除节点: /treeCacheTest/test1/test2 数据:2
6=====> 删除节点: /treeCacheTest/test1 数据:
7=====> 新增节点: /treeCacheTest/cantDelete 数据:
8=====> 删除节点: /treeCacheTest/cantDelete 数据:
8======> 错误原因:/treeCacheTest/cantDelete节点一旦创建就不能删除
3、watch机制流程图
- ZK中请求使用的是NIO模型,客户端的请求(请求包含增删改及添加watch)会先保存在一个请求队列中
- 客户端中有一个请求发送线程不断的拉取任务,发送线程发送请求,server端处理请求后返回;
- server中都会有一个HashMap<String,HashSet<Watcher>>用于保存监听,其中key为节点路径,value是监听器的集合(这些监听器可以来自不同客户端)
- Client中也有一个ZKWatchManager用于管理监控,包含3个HashMap<String,HashSet<Watch>>用于存储3种类型的监控:数节点据变更,节点的增删,子节点的增删。其中key为节点路径,value为watch集合(一个节点在一个客户端上可以添加多个监控)
- 当节点数据发生改变时,server会向这些客户端推送一个节点变更通知(包含变更的类型:NodeDataChanged,NodeDeleted,NodeChildrenChange等),客户端根据节点及事件(节点变更的方式)找到对应的watcher集合,执行对应的处理方法