linux命令练习

启发的linux基础分享

练习一
➜ ~ ps -ef |grep Chrome|wc -l
注意大写
还会多算一个，因为会把grep也加进去,可以把grep -v

➜  ~ ps -ef |grep Chrome|wc -l
      20
➜  ~ ps -ef |grep Chrome|grep -v grep|wc -l
      19
➜  ~ ps -ef |grep Chrom[e]|wc -l
      19

grep 支持正则

练习二
查看系统磁盘的用了%多少，先head，再tail，再用awk

➜  ~ df -h
Filesystem      Size   Used  Avail Capacity  iused   ifree %iused  Mounted on
/dev/disk1     112Gi   92Gi   20Gi    83% 24194088 5136310   82%   /
devfs          328Ki  328Ki    0Bi   100%     1134       0  100%   /dev
map -hosts       0Bi    0Bi    0Bi   100%        0       0  100%   /net
map auto_home    0Bi    0Bi    0Bi   100%        0       0  100%   /home
➜  ~ df -h |awk '{print $1}'
Filesystem
/dev/disk1
devfs
map
map
➜  ~ df -h |head -2|tail -1|awk '{print $1}'
/dev/disk1
➜  ~ df -h |head -2|tail -1|awk '{print $5}'
83%

练习三
CPU idle 系统CPU剩余空闲率

➜  ~ top -l 1 |head -10|grep "CPU usage"|awk "{print $7}"
CPU usage: 15.15% user, 25.75% sys, 59.9% idle
➜  ~ top -l 1 |head -10|grep "CPU usage"|awk "{print $7}"
CPU usage: 14.51% user, 25.80% sys, 59.67% idle

练习四 awk

➜  practice_awk awk -F ","  '{sum+=$1;print sum}' data |tail -1
368
➜  practice_awk awk -F ","  '{sum+=$2}END{print sum/NR}' data
7.73333
➜  practice_awk awk -F ","  '{if($1>10){sum+=$2}}END{print sum}' data
85

练习五 sed 修改
每一行的第一个匹配到的替换
➜ practice_sed sed -i -E ‘s/0/X/‘ data
全局替换
➜ practice_sed sed -i -E ‘s/0/X/g’ data
行筛选从1~10，不仅支持数字，还支持匹配到字符行
➜ practice_sed sed -i -E ‘1,10s/0/X/g’ data
还支持匹配到字符行
➜ practice_sed sed -i -E ‘1,/aa/s/0/X/g’ data
删除前10行
➜ practice_sed sed -i -E ‘1,10d’ data

练习6
➜ practice_statistic find . -name build.xml
过滤掉连续相同的行
➜ practice_statistic find . -name build.xml|xargs cat |grep mis|awk -F ‘[<>]’ ‘{print $3}’|uniq

uniq -c 多少个
awk -F 以什么分隔

➜ practice_statistic find . -name build.xml|xargs cat |grep mis|awk -F ‘[<>]’ ‘{print $3}’|sort|uniq -c|sort -k1,1 -r

-r 反向排序

sort -n 指定按数字排序，否则按字符串
wc -l XXX
查看文件多少行

suffix=$(date +%Y%m%d%H%M)
fn="date.$suffix"

if [ -f $fn ]; then
     rm -f $fn
     #statements
fi

for((i=0;i<30;i++))
do
  a=$(($RANDOM%20))
  b=$((19-$a))
  echo $a,$b >> $fn.txt
done