Maven JPA 环境的简单搭建

工程目录结构：

1. 引入pom文件

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com</groupId>
  <artifactId>jpa</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>jar</packaging>

  <name>jpa</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <project.hibernate.version>4.1.7.Final</project.hibernate.version> 
  </properties>
 
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
            <version>${project.hibernate.version}</version>
        </dependency>
         
        <!-- connection pooling with c3p0 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>${project.hibernate.version}</version>
        </dependency>
         
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>
 
        <!-- Mysql and MariaDB -->
         <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.21</version>
        </dependency>
         
  </dependencies>
</project>

2. 建立持久化配置文件 persistence.xml 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence" version="2.0">
    <persistence-unit name="persistence-unit_demo" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
        <!--jpa的提供者-->
        <provider>org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence</provider>
        <properties>
            <!--声明数据库连接的驱动-->
            <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
            <!--jdbc数据库的连接地址-->
            <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test"/>
            <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="root"/>
            <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value="root"/>
            <!--配置方言-->
            <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect"/>
            <!--激活查询日志功能-->
            <property name="hibernate.show_sql" value="true"/>
            <!--优雅地输出Sql-->
            <property name="hibernate.format_sql" value="true"/>
            <!--添加一条解释型标注-->
            <property name="hibernate.use_sql_comments" value="false"/>
            <!--配置如何根据java模型生成数据库表结构,常用update,validate-->
            <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
        </properties>
    </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

3. 建立基础bean

package com.jpa.beans;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;

@Entity
public class Person {

    @Id @GeneratedValue
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public Person(String name) {
        super();
        this.name = name;
    }
    public Person() {
        super();
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + "]";
    }
    
}

4.建立启动类

package com.jpa;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;

import com.jpa.beans.Person;

/**
 * Hello world!
 *
 */
public class App 
{
    public static void main( String[] args )
    {
    	EntityManagerFactory factory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("persistence-unit_demo");
        EntityManager manager = factory.createEntityManager();
        manager.getTransaction().begin();
        manager.persist(new Person("小天天"));
        manager.getTransaction().commit();
        manager.close();
        factory.close();
    }
}

5.log4j 配置文件（不知道是否有效）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!-- /* * Copyright (C) 2012 Daniel Medina <http://danielme.com> * * This 
    file is part of "MavenJpaHibernateLog4jDemo". * * "MavenJpaHibernateLog4jDemo" 
    is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify * it under the terms 
    of the GNU General Public License as published by * the Free Software Foundation, 
    version 3. * * "MavenJpaHibernateLog4jDemo" is distributed in the hope that 
    it will be useful, * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty 
    of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the * GNU General 
    Public License for more details. * * You should have received a copy of the 
    GNU General Public License version 3 * along with this program. If not, see 
    <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html/> */ -->
<!DOCTYPE log4j:configuration SYSTEM "log4j.dtd">

<!-- http://wiki.apache.org/logging-log4j/Log4jXmlFormat -->

<log4j:configuration xmlns:log4j="http://jakarta.apache.org/log4j/">

    <appender name="console" class="org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender">
        <param name="Target" value="System.out" />
        <layout class="org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout">
            <param name="ConversionPattern" value="%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n" />
        </layout>
    </appender>

    <appender name="file" class="org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender">
        <param name="file" value="logs/logger.log" />
        <param name="MaxFileSize" value="5MB" />
        <param name="MaxBackupIndex" value="10" />
        <layout class="org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout">
            <param name="ConversionPattern" value="%d{MM-dd-yyyy hh:mm:ss,SSS a} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n" />
        </layout>

    </appender>

    <root>
        <priority value="debug" />
        <appender-ref ref="console" />
        <appender-ref ref="file" />
    </root>

</log4j:configuration>

右键启动类应该就可以跑起来了！！！ 抄了一部分别人的博客不过也基本上记不住是谁的了，答谢一下。JPA相关视频谷粒学院教程