Java8的Stream流的使用详解

Java 8 API添加了一个新的抽象称为流Stream，可以让你以一种声明的方式处理数据。

Stream 使用一种类似用 SQL 语句从数据库查询数据的直观方式来提供一种对 Java 集合运算和表达的高阶抽象。

Stream API可以极大提高Java程序员的生产力，让程序员写出高效率、干净、简洁的代码。

这种风格将要处理的元素集合看作一种流， 流在管道中传输， 并且可以在管道的节点上进行处理， 比如筛选， 排序，聚合等。

元素流在管道中经过中间操作（intermediate operation）的处理，最后由最终操作(terminal operation)得到前面处理的结果。

(copy 自菜鸟教程)

源码地址

package pers.lcj.utiluse.jdk8;


import com.google.gson.Gson;
import org.junit.Test;
import pers.lcj.utiluse.BaseTest;
import pers.lcj.utiluse.model.User;
import pers.lcj.utiluse.model.Weapon;

import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.IntSummaryStatistics;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;

/**
 * Java8的Stream流的使用详解
 */
public class StreamUseTest extends BaseTest {


    @Test
    public void testStream(){

        List<User> data = getRandomUserListWithNoWeapon();
        List<User> dataHasWeapon = getRandomUserList();
        //[{"name":"翟妃邱","age":62},{"name":"骆锊","age":43},{"name":"骆跞","age":43},{"name":"骆莼","age":39},{"name":"骆镝","age":88}]
        System.out.println(new Gson().toJson(data));


        //遍历 宗正弑 郝讽 郝共 郝镀 郝蓐
        data.forEach(e-> System.out.print(e.getName() +" "));
        System.out.println("");


        //并行流  parallelStream其实就是一个并行执行的流.它通过默认的ForkJoinPool,可能提高你的多线程任务的速度.
        //可能会返回null 可使用 Collections.synchronizedList(data);创建同步集合解决
        //并行流的时候是无法保证元素的顺序的
        //lambda表达式的结果会在管道执行的过程中发生变化
        List<User> parallelStream = data.parallelStream().collect(Collectors.toList());
        //[{"name":"翟妃邱","age":62},{"name":"骆锊","age":43},{"name":"骆跞","age":43},{"name":"骆莼","age":39},{"name":"骆镝","age":88}]
        System.out.println(new Gson().toJson(parallelStream));


        //过滤  过滤出年龄大于50的用户
        List<User> filter = data.stream().filter(x -> x.getAge() > 50).collect(Collectors.toList());
        //[{"name":"翟妃邱","age":62},{"name":"骆镝","age":88}]
        System.out.println(new Gson().toJson(filter));


        //排序  按照年龄从大到小排序用户
        List<User> sort = data.stream().sorted(Comparator.comparing(User::getAge).reversed()).collect(Collectors.toList());
        //[{"name":"骆镝","age":88},{"name":"翟妃邱","age":62},{"name":"骆锊","age":43},{"name":"骆跞","age":43},{"name":"骆莼","age":39}]
        System.out.println(new Gson().toJson(sort));


        //分组  按照年龄分组用户
        Map<Integer, List<User>> groupBy = data.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(User::getAge));
        //{"20":[{"name":"钟鸯胯","age":20,"weapons":[{"name":"武器+188","hurt":9}]},{"name":"钟扔彼","age":20,"weapons":[{"name":"武器+122","hurt":18}]}],"22":[{"name":"钟不姓","age":22,"weapons":[{"name":"武器+144","hurt":4}]}],"23":[{"name":"淳于酣蝗","age":23,"weapons":[{"name":"武器+137","hurt":15}]}],"24":[{"name":"钟璜氧","age":24,"weapons":[{"name":"武器+177","hurt":11}]}]}
        System.out.println(new Gson().toJson(groupBy));

        //取值  取出所有用户的名字
        List<String> map = data.stream().map(User::getName).collect(Collectors.toList());
        //["翟妃邱","骆锊","骆跞","骆莼","骆镝"]
        System.out.println(new Gson().toJson(map));


        //拼接  去除所有名字并且用,拼接
        String joining = data.stream().map(User::getName).collect(Collectors.joining(","));
        //"翟妃邱,骆锊,骆跞,骆莼,骆镝"
        System.out.println(new Gson().toJson(joining));


        //限制  取出前三个
        List<User> limit = data.stream().limit(3).collect(Collectors.toList());
        //[{"name":"骆镝","age":88},{"name":"翟妃邱","age":62},{"name":"骆锊","age":43}]
        System.out.println(new Gson().toJson(limit));


        //跳过  取出所有年龄除了21岁
        List<Integer> skip = data.stream().map(User::getAge).skip(21).collect(Collectors.toList());
        //11,20
        System.out.println(new Gson().toJson(skip));


        //统计 Int统计
        IntSummaryStatistics stats = data.stream().map(User::getAge).mapToInt((x) -> x).summaryStatistics();
        System.out.println("列表中最大的数 : " + stats.getMax());
        System.out.println("列表中最小的数 : " + stats.getMin());
        System.out.println("所有数之和 : " + stats.getSum());
        System.out.println("平均数 : " + stats.getAverage());
        System.out.println("个数: "+stats.getCount());


        //最大最小 取出年龄最大的人
        User max = data.stream().max(Comparator.comparing(User::getAge)).get();
        //{"name":"南驵","age":92}
        System.out.println(new Gson().toJson(max));


        //在人中出拥有武器伤害大于10的武器
        List<Weapon> flatMap = dataHasWeapon.stream().flatMap(e -> e.getWeapons().stream().filter(f -> f.getHurt() > 10)).collect(Collectors.toList());
        //{"name":"武器+105","hurt":16},{"name":"武器+196","hurt":13}]
        System.out.println(new Gson().toJson(flatMap));


        //计算人中武器伤害的和 flatMapToLong同理
        int flatMapToInt = data.stream().flatMapToInt(e -> e.getWeapons().stream().mapToInt(Weapon::getHurt)).sum();
        //50
        System.out.println(new Gson().toJson(flatMapToInt));


        //去重  取出所不同的年龄
        List<Integer> distinct = data.stream().map(User::getAge).distinct().collect(Collectors.toList());
        //50
        System.out.println(new Gson().toJson(distinct));


        //偷看 流处理过程可以做一些输出，外部处理等  //屠昌 娄凵嫂 娄狡扪  娄客皇 娄你觌
        List<String> peek = getRandomUserListWithNoWeapon().stream().map(User::getName).peek(System.out::print).collect(Collectors.toList());


        //anyMatch表示，判断的条件里，任意一个元素成功，返回true
        //noneMatch跟allMatch相反，判断条件里的元素，所有的都不是，返回true
        boolean anyMatch = data.stream().anyMatch(e -> e.getAge() > 10);
        //true
        System.out.println(anyMatch);


        //综合  过滤出年龄大于50 按照年龄从打到小排序 去除用户名
        List<String> collect4 = data.stream()
                .filter(x->x.getAge()>50)
                .sorted(Comparator.comparing(User::getAge).reversed())
                .map(User::getName)
                .collect(Collectors.toList());
        //["骆镝","翟妃邱"]
        System.out.println(new Gson().toJson(collect4));


        //取出第一个 xxx.findFirst().get()  取出任何一个 xxx.findAny().get()
        //求平均值xxx.average()
        //求和xxx.sum()
        //最小值最大值 xxx.min() xxx.max()
        //遍历xxx.forEachOrdered 顺序处理 xxx.forEach 并行处理
    }



}

 

package pers.lcj.utiluse;


import com.google.common.collect.Lists;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.RandomStringUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.RandomUtils;
import pers.lcj.utiluse.model.User;
import pers.lcj.utiluse.model.Weapon;

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;

public class BaseTest {

    protected List<User> getRandomUserList(){
        List<User> users=Lists.newArrayList();
        users.add(getRandomUser());
        users.add(getRandomUser());
        users.add(getRandomUser());
        users.add(getRandomUser());
        users.add(getRandomUser());
        return users;
    }


    protected User getRandomUser() {
        User user = new User();
        user.setName(getName());
        user.setAge(RandomUtils.nextInt(0,100));

        List<Weapon> weapons=Lists.newArrayList();


        Weapon weapon=null;
        weapon=new Weapon();
        weapon.setName(RandomStringUtils.randomAscii(10));
        weapon.setHurt(RandomUtils.nextInt(100,200));
        weapons.add(weapon);

        user.setWeapons(weapons);

        return user;
    }


 protected List<User> getRandomUserListWithNoWeapon(){
        List<User> users=Lists.newArrayList();
        users.add(getRandomUserWithNoWeapon());
        users.add(getRandomUserWithNoWeapon());
        users.add(getRandomUserWithNoWeapon());
        users.add(getRandomUserWithNoWeapon());
        users.add(getRandomUserWithNoWeapon());
        return users;
    }


    protected User getRandomUserWithNoWeapon() {
        User user = new User();
        user.setName(getName());
        user.setAge(RandomUtils.nextInt(0,100));
        return user;
    }



    private static String getName() {
        Random random=new Random(System.currentTimeMillis());
        /* 598 百家姓 */
        String[] surname= {"赵","钱","孙","李","周","吴","郑","王","冯","陈","褚","卫","蒋","沈","韩","杨","朱","秦","尤","许",
                "何","吕","施","张","孔","曹","严","华","金","魏","陶","姜","戚","谢","邹","喻","柏","水","窦","章","云","苏","潘","葛","奚","范","彭","郎",
                "鲁","韦","昌","马","苗","凤","花","方","俞","任","袁","柳","酆","鲍","史","唐","费","廉","岑","薛","雷","贺","倪","汤","滕","殷",
                "罗","毕","郝","邬","安","常","乐","于","时","傅","皮","卞","齐","康","伍","余","元","卜","顾","孟","平","黄","和",
                "穆","萧","尹","姚","邵","湛","汪","祁","毛","禹","狄","米","贝","明","臧","计","伏","成","戴","谈","宋","茅","庞","熊","纪","舒",
                "屈","项","祝","董","梁","杜","阮","蓝","闵","席","季","麻","强","贾","路","娄","危","江","童","颜","郭","梅","盛","林","刁","钟",
                "徐","邱","骆","高","夏","蔡","田","樊","胡","凌","霍","虞","万","支","柯","昝","管","卢","莫","经","房","裘","缪","干","解","应",
                "宗","丁","宣","贲","邓","郁","单","杭","洪","包","诸","左","石","崔","吉","钮","龚","程","嵇","邢","滑","裴","陆","荣","翁","荀",
                "羊","于","惠","甄","曲","家","封","芮","羿","储","靳","汲","邴","糜","松","井","段","富","巫","乌","焦","巴","弓","牧","隗","山",
                "谷","车","侯","宓","蓬","全","郗","班","仰","秋","仲","伊","宫","宁","仇","栾","暴","甘","钭","厉","戎","祖","武","符","刘","景",
                "詹","束","龙","叶","幸","司","韶","郜","黎","蓟","溥","印","宿","白","怀","蒲","邰","从","鄂","索","咸","籍","赖","卓","蔺","屠",
                "蒙","池","乔","阴","郁","胥","能","苍","双","闻","莘","党","翟","谭","贡","劳","逄","姬","申","扶","堵","冉","宰","郦","雍","却",
                "璩","桑","桂","濮","牛","寿","通","边","扈","燕","冀","浦","尚","农","温","别","庄","晏","柴","瞿","阎","充","慕","连","茹","习",
                "宦","艾","鱼","容","向","古","易","慎","戈","廖","庾","终","暨","居","衡","步","都","耿","满","弘","匡","国","文","寇","广","禄",
                "阙","东","欧","殳","沃","利","蔚","越","夔","隆","师","巩","厍","聂","晁","勾","敖","融","冷","訾","辛","阚","那","简","饶","空",
                "曾","毋","沙","乜","养","鞠","须","丰","巢","关","蒯","相","查","后","荆","红","游","郏","竺","权","逯","盖","益","桓","公","仉",
                "督","岳","帅","缑","亢","况","郈","有","琴","归","海","晋","楚","闫","法","汝","鄢","涂","钦","商","牟","佘","佴","伯","赏","墨",
                "哈","谯","篁","年","爱","阳","佟","言","福","南","火","铁","迟","漆","官","冼","真","展","繁","檀","祭","密","敬","揭","舜","楼",
                "疏","冒","浑","挚","胶","随","高","皋","原","种","练","弥","仓","眭","蹇","覃","阿","门","恽","来","綦","召","仪","风","介","巨",
                "木","京","狐","郇","虎","枚","抗","达","杞","苌","折","麦","庆","过","竹","端","鲜","皇","亓","老","是","秘","畅","邝","还","宾",
                "闾","辜","纵","侴","万俟","司马","上官","欧阳","夏侯","诸葛","闻人","东方","赫连","皇甫","羊舌","尉迟","公羊","澹台","公冶","宗正",
                "濮阳","淳于","单于","太叔","申屠","公孙","仲孙","轩辕","令狐","钟离","宇文","长孙","慕容","鲜于","闾丘","司徒","司空","兀官","司寇",
                "南门","呼延","子车","颛孙","端木","巫马","公西","漆雕","车正","壤驷","公良","拓跋","夹谷","宰父","谷梁","段干","百里","东郭","微生",
                "梁丘","左丘","东门","西门","南宫","第五","公仪","公乘","太史","仲长","叔孙","屈突","尔朱","东乡","相里","胡母","司城","张廖","雍门",
                "毋丘","贺兰","綦毋","屋庐","独孤","南郭","北宫","王孙"};

        int index=random.nextInt(surname.length-1);
        String name = surname[index]; //获得一个随机的姓氏

        /* 从常用字中选取一个或两个字作为名 */
        if(random.nextBoolean()){
            name+=getChinese()+getChinese();
        }else {
            name+=getChinese();
        }
       return name;
    }

    public static String getChinese() {
        String str = null;
        int highPos, lowPos;
        Random random = new Random();
        highPos = (176 + Math.abs(random.nextInt(71)));//区码，0xA0打头，从第16区开始，即0xB0=11*16=176,16~55一级汉字，56~87二级汉字
        random=new Random();
        lowPos = 161 + Math.abs(random.nextInt(94));//位码，0xA0打头，范围第1~94列

        byte[] bArr = new byte[2];
        bArr[0] = (new Integer(highPos)).byteValue();
        bArr[1] = (new Integer(lowPos)).byteValue();
        try {
            str = new String(bArr, "GB2312");	//区位码组合成汉字
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return str;
    }


}