Python运维-Socket网络编程

慕课网上《Python运维-Socket网络编程》课程个人总结笔记，侵删。
慕课网视频链接：https://www.imooc.com/learn/1031

一、课程介绍

1.1 socket简介

Socket是什么？

Socket是电脑网络中进程间数据流的端点
Socket是操作系统的通信机制
应用程序通过Socket进行网络数据的传输

Socket的通信方式?

Socket分为UDP和TCP两种不同的通信方式

为什么Socket？

Socket能够适应多种网络协议
Socket是基础应用，可举一反三
服务器传输大量涉及网络协议，离不开Socket

二、Socket入门通信

2.1 服务端程序

import socket

sk = socket.socket()
ip_port = ("127.0.0.1",8888)
sk.bind(ip_port)
sk.listen(5)

print ("waiting for receiving message")
conn,address = sk.accept()
msg = "hello world"
conn.send(msg.encode())
conn.close()

2.2 客户端程序

import socket

client = socket.socket()
ip_port = ("127.0.0.1",8888)
client.connect(ip_port)
data = client.recv(1024)

print (data.decode())

2.3 客户端连续消息发送

server.py

import socket
import random

sk = socket.socket()
ip_port = ("127.0.0.1",8888)
sk.bind(ip_port)
sk.listen(5)

while True:
    print ("waiting for receiving message")
    conn,address = sk.accept()
    msg = "sucessfully connect"
    conn.send(msg.encode())
    while True:
        data = conn.recv(1024)
        print (data.decode())
        if data == b'exit':
            break
        conn.send(data)
        conn.send(str(random.randint(1,100)).encode())
    conn.close()

client.py

import socket

client = socket.socket()
ip_port = ("127.0.0.1",8888)
client.connect(ip_port)

while True:
    data = client.recv(1024)
    print (data.decode())
    msg_input = input("please enter the message:")
    client.send(msg_input.encode())
    if msg_input == "exit":
        break
    data = client.recv(1024)
    print (data.decode())

2.4 实例化参数含义

family：地址簇

socket.AF_INET        IPV4( 默认)
socket.AF_INET6       IPV6
socket.AF_UNIX        只能够用于单一的Unix系统进程间的通信

type：类型

socket.SOCK_STREAM         流式socket，for TCP(默认)
socket.SOCK_DGRAM          数据报式socket，for UDP
socket.SOCK_RAW            原始套接字
socket.SOCK_RDM            可靠UDP形式
socket.SOCK_SEQPACKET      可靠的连续数据包服务

proto：协议号

0：默认，可以省略
CAN_RAW或CAN_BCM：地址簇为AF_CAN时

三、网络通讯实现

3.1 udp通信

server.py

import socket

sk = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
ip_port = ("127.0.0.1",8888)
sk.bind(ip_port)

while True:
    data = sk.recv(1024)
    print (data.decode())

client.py

import socket

sk = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
ip_port = ("127.0.0.1",8888)

while True:
    msg_input = input("please enter the message:")
    if msg_input == "exit":  
        break
    sk.sendto(msg_input.encode(),ip_port)

sk.close()

3.2-3.3 非阻塞模块

server.py

import socketserver
import random

class MyServer(socketserver.BaseRequestHandler):
    def setup(self):
        pass
    def handle(self):
        conn = self.request
        msg = "hello world"
        conn.send(msg.encode())
        while True:
            data = conn.recv(1024)
            print (data.decode())
            if data == b'exit':
                break
            conn.send(data)
            conn.send(str(random.randint(1,100)).encode())
        conn.close()
    def finish(self):
        pass

if __name__ == "__main__":
    server = socketserver.ThreadingTCPServer(("127.0.0.1",8888),MyServer)
    server.serve_forever()

client.py

import socket

client = socket.socket()
ip_port = ("127.0.0.1",8888)
client.connect(ip_port)

while True:
    data = client.recv(1024)
    print (data.decode())
    msg_input = input("please enter the message:")
    client.send(msg_input.encode())
    if msg_input == "exit":
        break
    data = client.recv(1024)
    print (data.decode())

四、文件上传下载

4.1 文件长传程序的编写

send.py

import socket

sk = socket.socket()
ip_port = ("127.0.0.1",9999)
sk.connect(ip_port)

with open('test.py','rb') as f:
    for i in f:
        sk.send(i)
        
sk.send('quit'.encode())

recv.py

import socket

sk = socket.socket()
ip_port = ('127.0.0.1',9999)
sk.bind(ip_port)
sk.listen(5)

while True:
    conn,address = sk.accept()
    with open('file','ab') as f:
        data = conn.recv(1024)
        if data == b'quit':
            break
        f.write(data)
        
sk.close()

4.2 文件上传程序的拍错方法

send.py

import socket

sk = socket.socket()
ip_port = ("127.0.0.1",9999)
sk.connect(ip_port)

with open('test.py','rb') as f:
    for i in f:
        sk.send(i)
        data = sk.recv(1024)
        if data != b'success':
            break
sk.send('quit'.encode())

recv.py

import socket

sk = socket.socket()
ip_port = ('127.0.0.1',9999)
sk.bind(ip_port)
sk.listen(5)

while True:
    conn,address = sk.accept()
    while True:
        with open('file','ab') as f:
            data = conn.recv(1024)
            if data == b'quit':
                break
            f.write(data)
        conn.send('success'.encode())
    print ("file recieved over!")
sk.close()