Java实现http请求访问的实现和处理DefaultHttpClient过期和URL连接格式问题

Java实现http请求代码

String strUrl="http://172.0.0.1:80/api/Notifiction/sendForbidden?userId=dhdhsh&data=shshh;
try {
     //增加代码下面两行代码解决URL特殊字符问题如‘｜’‘&’{}等
     URL url = new URL(strUrl);
     URI uri = new URI(url.getProtocol(),url.getUserInfo(), url.getHost(),url.getPort() ,url.getPath(), url.getQuery(), null);
     //获取http请求解决DefaultHttpClient过期方案
     HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(uri);
     CloseableHttpClient client= HttpClients.createDefault();
     CloseableHttpResponse response = client.execute(httpGet);
     //获取返回值String entity = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), Charset.defaultCharset());，我这里不需要获取返回值所以写的简单
     response.getEntity();
     response.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
   // TODO Auto-generated catch block
   e.printStackTrace();
}

补充：

HttpClient使用方法：使用HttpClient发送请求、接收响应很简单，一般需要如下几步即可。

1. 创建HttpClient对象。

2. 创建请求方法的实例，并指定请求URL。如果需要发送GET请求，创建HttpGet对象；如果需要发送POST请求，创建HttpPost对象。

3. 如果需要发送请求参数，可调用HttpGet、HttpPost共同的setParams(HetpParams params)方法来添加请求参数；对于HttpPost对象而言，也可调用setEntity(HttpEntity entity)方法来设置请求参数。

4. 调用HttpClient对象的execute(HttpUriRequest request)发送请求，该方法返回一个HttpResponse。

5. 调用HttpResponse的getAllHeaders()、getHeaders(String name)等方法可获取服务器的响应头；调用HttpResponse的getEntity()方法可获取HttpEntity对象，该对象包装了服务器的响应内容。程序可通过该对象获取服务器的响应内容。

6. 释放连接。无论执行方法是否成功，都必须释放连接！

7. 解决HttpGet出现Illegal character in query异常，使用URI进行解析，根据自己连接格式合理配置参数

CloseableHttpResponse使用

DefaultHttpClient —> CloseableHttpClient
HttpResponse —> CloseableHttpResponse

官方给出了新api的样例，如下。

Get方法：

CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("http://targethost/homepage");
CloseableHttpResponse response1 = httpclient.execute(httpGet);
// The underlying HTTP connection is still held by the response object
// to allow the response content to be streamed directly from the network socket.
// In order to ensure correct deallocation of system resources
// the user MUST either fully consume the response content  or abort request
// execution by calling CloseableHttpResponse#close().
//建立的http连接，仍旧被response1保持着，允许我们从网络socket中获取返回的数据
//为了释放资源，我们必须手动消耗掉response1或者取消连接（使用CloseableHttpResponse类的close方法）

try {
    System.out.println(response1.getStatusLine());
    HttpEntity entity1 = response1.getEntity();
    // do something useful with the response body
    // and ensure it is fully consumed
    EntityUtils.consume(entity1);
} finally {
    response1.close();
}

Post方法：

HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://targethost/login");
//拼接参数
List <NameValuePair> nvps = new ArrayList <NameValuePair>();
nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair("username", "vip"));
nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password", "secret"));
httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps));
CloseableHttpResponse response2 = httpclient.execute(httpPost);
 
try {
    System.out.println(response2.getStatusLine());
    HttpEntity entity2 = response2.getEntity();
    // do something useful with the response body
    // and ensure it is fully consumed
    //消耗掉response
    EntityUtils.consume(entity2);
} finally {
    response2.close();
}

参考连接
https://blog.csdn.net/zl834205311/article/details/79847746
https://blog.csdn.net/mhqyr422/article/details/79787518