Python3菜鸟教程(7)：字典的基本操作

参考链接

# -*-coding:UTF8-*-


if __name__ == '__main__':
    dictionary = {'name': '张三', 'age': 19}
    # 添加元素
    if 'sex' not in dictionary.keys():
        dictionary['sex'] = 'male'
    print(dictionary)  # {'name': '张三', 'age': 19, 'sex': 'male'}

    # 修改
    dictionary['age'] = 100
    print(dictionary)  # NameError: name 'dictionary' is not defined

    # 以链表形式返回
    print(list(dictionary.keys()))  # ['name', 'age', 'sex']
    print(list(dictionary.values()))  # ['张三', 100, 'male']
    print(list(dictionary.items()))  # [('name', '张三'), ('age', 100), ('sex', 'male')]

    # 删除元素
    del dictionary['age']
    dictionary.pop('name')
    print(dictionary)  # {'sex': 'male'}
    # 清空列表
    dictionary.clear()
    print(dictionary)  # {}
    # 删除变量
    # del dictionary
    # print(dictionary)  # NameError: name 'dictionary' is not defined

    # dic.copy()同理是一个浅拷贝
    dictionary = dictionary = {'name': '张三', 'age': 19, 'score': [60, 70, 80]}
    a = dictionary.copy()
    dictionary['name'] = '李四'
    dictionary['score'][0] = 1000
    print(a)

    # 依据key序列建表
    keys = ['name', 'age', 'id']
    dict = dict.fromkeys(keys)
    print(dict)  # {'name': None, 'age': None, 'id': None}
    dict = dict.fromkeys(keys, 100)
    print(dict)  # {'name': 100, 'age': 100, 'id': 100}