Block scope

JavaScript does not has the concept of block scope util let and const appeard(Only catch of try catch has–ES3).
For example:

<script>
    var a=2;
    {
        var a=1;
    }
    console.log(a);    //1
</script>

<script>
    for(var i=0;i<5;i++){
        //do something
    }
    console.log(i);    //6,in fact we do not need the variable i.
</script>

To solve the problem,we use let and const.

<script>
    var a=2;
    {
        let a=1;
    }
    console.log(a);    //2
</script>

<script>
    for(let i=0;i<5;i++){
        //do something
    }
    console.log(i);    //ReferenceError: i is not defined
</script>

<script>
    {
        const a=1;
    }
    console.log(a);    //ReferenceError: a is not defined
</script>

Attention!Once the variable is defined by const,it can not be changed.

<script>
    {
        const a=1;
        a=2;    //TypeError: Assignment to constant variable.
    }

</script>