prometheus2.25安装和使用流程

prometheus2.25+grafana7.4安装和使用流程

作者：蓝眼泪

本人亲自试验，并成功安装，看了别人写的，都没讲到重点，自己花时间研究，并写出。原创不易，且行且珍惜。如有不足之处，请大佬指点！一起交流，共同进步。免费分享给大家。

实验环境：xshell7，xftp7，centos7.9，win7旗舰版，vm15.
资料准备齐全

第一 关闭防火墙和selinux

systemctl stop firewalld 
systemctl disable firewalld 
iptables -F
setenforce=0

用xftp上传以上资料到centos系统中。文件放置路径为/usr/local

第二 安装go软件

解压go软件

tar -C /usr/local/ -xvf go1.16.linux-amd64.tar.gz

配置环境变量

vim /etc/profile

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/go/bin
source /etc/profile

查看go版本

go version

第三 安装prometheus软件

解压prometheus软件

tar -C /usr/local/ -xvf prometheus-2.25.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
ln -sv /usr/local/prometheus-2.25.0.linux-amd64/ /usr/local/Prometheus

启动prometheus软件

/usr/local/Prometheus/prometheus --config.file=/usr/local/Prometheus/prometheus.yml &

访问prometheus网页
http://localhost:9090

第四 安装grafana软件

普罗米修斯默认的页面比较简单，安装grafana可以使监控看起来更直观
安装命令：

rpm -ivh --nodeps grafana-7.4.3-1.x86_64.rpm

wget https://dl.grafana.com/oss/release/grafana-7.4.3-1.x86_64.rpm
sudo yum install grafana-7.4.3-1.x86_64.rpm

启动grafana软件

sudo /bin/systemctl daemon-reload
sudo /bin/systemctl enable grafana-server.service
sudo /bin/systemctl start grafana-server.service

用浏览器访问localhost:3000，即可打开grafana页面，默认用户名密码都是admin，初次登录会要求修改默认的登录密码
确认端口

lsof -i:3000
ss -anltp | grep 9090

第五 设置grafana

添加数据源adddatabase，选择prometheus。截图如下：

Dashboards页面选择“Prometheus 2.0 Stats”

Settings页面填写普罗米修斯地址并保存

换到我们刚才添加的“Prometheus 2.0 Stats”即可看到整个监控页面

第六 常用监控项目

1.监控linux电脑

在Linux上安装node-exporter

tar -xvf node_exporter-0.17.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

启动node-exporter

/usr/local/node_exporter-0.17.0.linux-amd64/node_exporter &

还可以使用node_exporter启动

nohup /usr/local/node_exporter/node_exporter & 

普罗米修斯配置文件添加监控项

vim /usr/local/Prometheus/prometheus.yml

  - job_name: 'centos7.9'
    static_configs:
    - targets: ['192.168.1.130:9100']
      labels:
        instance: 192.168.1.130:9100

grafana导入画好的dashboard

如果提示缺少piechart文件，解决方法是
grafana的默认插件目录是/var/lib/grafana/plugins，将下载好的插件解压到这个目录，重启grafana即可

cd /var/lib/grafana/plugins
unzip grafana-piechart-panel-5f249d5.zip
service grafana-server restart

/usr/sbin/grafana-cli plugins ls  #查看已安装插件

重启prometheus服务

pkill prometheus 
ss -anltp | grep 9090
/usr/local/Prometheus/prometheus --config.file=/usr/local/Prometheus/prometheus.yml &

启动linux监控节点

/usr/local/node_exporter-0.17.0.linux-amd64/node_exporter &

编辑监控项目

vim /usr/local/Prometheus/prometheus.yml

2.监控mysql软件

安装mysql

rpm -qa | grep mysql
rpm -qa|grep -i mariadb
rpm -qa|grep mariadb|xargs rpm -e --nodeps
rpm -qa|grep -i mariadb

wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
yum repolist all | grep mysql 
yum install mysql-server
rpm -qa | grep mysql

systemctl start mysqld.service #启动 mysql
systemctl restart mysqld.service #重启 mysql
systemctl stop mysqld.service #停止 mysql
systemctl enable mysqld.service #设置 mysql 开机启动

mysql常用文件路径：
/etc/my.cnf 　　 #mysql的主配置文件
/var/lib/mysql 　　#mysql数据库的数据库文件存放位置
/var/logs/mysqld.log　　#数据库的日志输出存放位置

mysql -u root
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> update user set password=PASSWORD("123456") where User='root';
mysql> flush privileges; 
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO root@"%" IDENTIFIED BY "123456";

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO root@"%" IDENTIFIED BY "123456";

mysql远程连接权限开通

 create user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123456';
 GRANT REPLICATION CLIENT, PROCESS ON *.* TO 'root'@'localhost';
 GRANT SELECT ON performance_schema.* TO 'root'@'localhost';
 ALTER USER root@localhost IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';
 flush privileges;

启动mysql监控

 export DATA_SOURCE_NAME='root:123456@(192.168.1.130:3306)/'
/usr/local/mysqld_exporter-0.11.0.linux-amd64/mysqld_exporter

配置文件通过–config.my-cnf参数指定：

cd /usr/local/mysqld_exporter-0.11.0.linux-amd64
./mysqld_exporter --config.my-cnf=".my.cnf"

配置文件的格式如下：

cat .my.cnf

[client]
host=localhost
port=3306
user=root
password=123456

/usr/local/mysqld_exporter-0.11.0.linux-amd64/mysqld_exporter --config.my-cnf="/usr/local/mysqld_exporter-0.11.0.linux-amd64/.my.cnf" &

3.监控redis软件

安装redis

 yum install -y gcc 
wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-5.0.3.tar.gz
tar -zxvf redis-5.0.3.tar.gz
cd redis-5.0.3
Make
make install PREFIX=/usr/local/redis
cd /usr/local/redis/bin/
./redis-server
cp /usr/local/redis-5.0.3/redis.conf /usr/local/redis/bin/

修改 redis.conf 文件，把 daemonize no 改为 daemonize yes

vi /usr/local/redis/bin/redis.conf

启动redis

/usr/local/redis_exporter redis//192.168.1.130:6379 & -web.listenaddress 192.168.1.130:9121
/usr/local/redis_exporter redis//192.168.60.124:6379 & -web.listenaddress 192.168.60.124:9121

./redis-server redis.conf

vi /etc/systemd/system/redis.service

代码段

[Unit]
Description=redis-server
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server /usr/local/redis/bin/redis.conf
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

设置开机启动

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start redis.service
systemctl enable redis.service

创建 redis 命令软链接

ln -s /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli /usr/bin/redis

测试 redis

redis服务操作命令

systemctl start redis.service   #启动redis服务
systemctl stop redis.service   #停止redis服务
systemctl restart redis.service   #重新启动服务
systemctl status redis.service   #查看服务当前状态
systemctl enable redis.service   #设置开机自启动
systemctl disable redis.service   #停止开机自启动

启动redis监控

./redis_exporter redis//192.168.1.130:6379 & -web.listenaddress 192.168.1.130:9121
./redis_exporter redis//192.168.60.124:6379 & -web.listenaddress 192.168.60.124:9121

4.监控windows电脑

在被监控windows电脑上安装wmi-exporter软件
网址：https://github.com/martinlindhe/wmi_exporter/releases

vim /usr/local/Prometheus/prometheus.yml

  - job_name: 'win7-64-001'
    static_configs:
    - targets: ['192.168.1.103:9182']

关于仪表盘json文件可以参考如下：
网址是https://grafana.com/grafana/dashboards/10467