基本数据结构--字典和常用内置序列函数

字典
#字典
#创建一个字典，存储一个人的信息
dict1={'name':'zhangsan','age':30,'city':'beijing'}
print(dict1)
{'name': 'zhangsan', 'age': 30, 'city': 'beijing'}
#t通过key获取某个元素的value
print(dict1.get('age'))
print(dict1.get('city'))
30
beijing
#给字典增加一个元素
dict1['gender']='Male'
print(dict1)
{'name': 'zhangsan', 'age': 30, 'city': 'beijing', 'gender': 'Male'}
#修改某个元素的value
dict1['age']=35
print(dict1)
{'name': 'zhangsan', 'age': 35, 'city': 'beijing', 'gender': 'Male'}
#删除字典的某个元素
del dict1['gender']
print(dict1)
{'name': 'zhangsan', 'age': 35, 'city': 'beijing'}
#items(),一列表返回元组数组
dict1.items()
dict_items([('name', 'zhangsan'), ('age', 35), ('city', 'beijing')])
#遍历字典
for key,value in dict1.items():
    print(key+':',end='')
    print(value)
name:zhangsan
age:35
city:beijing
dict1.keys()
dict_keys(['name', 'age', 'city'])
for key in dict1.keys():
    print(key)
name
age
city
常用内置序列函数
##常用内置序列函数
L1=[10,20,'abc','python']
print(L1)
[10, 20, 'abc', 'python']
i=0
for value in L1:
    print(i,value)
    i+=1
0 10
1 20
2 abc
3 python
#enumerate
for i,value in enumerate(L1):
    print(i,value)
0 10
1 20
2 abc
3 python
#zip 将多个元素进行配对
L1=['name','age','city']
L2=['zhangsan',30,'beijing']
zip(L1,L2)
list(zip(L1,L2))
[('name', 'zhangsan'), ('age', 30), ('city', 'beijing')]
#reversed,将数据逆序输出
for i in reversed(range(10)):
    print(i)
    
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0