java Builder模式

/**
 * user用户类
 * @author tao
 */
public class User {
	//用户的属性
	private final String name;//姓名
	private final String idCard;//身份证
	private final int age;//年龄
	private final String married;//是否结婚
	
	public static class Builder{
		//和用户类相同属性
		private String name;
		private String idCard;
		private int age = 0;
		private String married = "NO";
		
		/**
		 * 必选属性输入
		 * @param name
		 * @param idCard
		 */
		public Builder(String name, String idCard){
			this.name = name;
			this.idCard = idCard;
		}
		
		/**
		 * 选填属性,年龄
		 * @param age
		 * @return
		 */
		public Builder setAge(int age){
			this.age = age;
			return this;
		}
		
		/**
		 * 选填属性,是否结婚
		 * @param married
		 * @return
		 */
		public Builder setMarried(String married){
			this.married = married;
			return this;
		}
		
		/**
		 * 创建User类返回
		 * @return
		 */
		public User build(){
			return new User(this);
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * 私有化构造器,使其不能用于new,extends
	 * @param builder 
	 */
	private User(Builder builder){
		this.name = builder.name;
		this.idCard = builder.idCard;
		this.age = builder.age;
		this.married = builder.married;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public String getIdCard() {
		return idCard;
	}

	public int getAge() {
		return age;
	}

	public String getMarried() {
		return married;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "User [name=" + name + ", idCard=" + idCard + ", age=" + age
				+ ", married=" + married + "]";
	}

	/**
	 * 测试builder的事例
	 * @param args
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		User user = new User.Builder("小明", "123456789").setAge(20).build();
		System.out.println("user is :" + user);
	}
}

使用Builder来进行类创建,使得代码看上去跟清晰易懂,调用时更方便