String类 StringBuilder StringBuffer源码

 String类被final修饰 实现了CharSequence的接口，有被final修饰的char型数组，因此是不可变的

public final class String
    implements java.io.Serializable, Comparable<String>, CharSequence {
    /** The value is used for character storage. */
    private final char value[];

    /** Cache the hash code for the string */
    private int hash; // Default to 0

    /** use serialVersionUID from JDK 1.0.2 for interoperability */
    private static final long serialVersionUID = -6849794470754667710L;

charAt()方法

    public char charAt(int index) {
        if ((index < 0) || (index >= value.length)) {
            throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(index);
        }
        return value[index];
    }

 equals()方法

public boolean equals(Object anObject) {
        if (this == anObject) {
            return true;
        }
        if (anObject instanceof String) {
            String anotherString = (String)anObject;
            int n = value.length;
            if (n == anotherString.value.length) {
                char v1[] = value;
                char v2[] = anotherString.value;
                int i = 0;
                while (n-- != 0) {
                    if (v1[i] != v2[i])
                        return false;
                    i++;
                }
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

 String类的hashcode计算方式

    public int hashCode() {
        int h = hash;
        if (h == 0 && value.length > 0) {
            char val[] = value;

            for (int i = 0; i < value.length; i++) {
                h = 31 * h + val[i];
            }
            hash = h;
        }
        return h;
    }

StringBuilder 和StringBuffer都继承了AbstractStringBuilder，实现了CharSequence接口

区别是StringBuffer是线程安全的，原因是在append方法中用sychronized修饰，因此在效率方面，StringBuilder是高于StringBuffer的。如果我们使用不经常改变的字符串，使用String,如果单线程经常改变，使用StringBuilder,多线程下使用StringBuffer.

    @Override
    public StringBuilder append(String str) {
        super.append(str);
        return this;
    }

 

    @Override
    public synchronized StringBuffer append(String str) {
        toStringCache = null;
        super.append(str);
        return this;
    }