1ThreadLocal.概念:
ThreadLocal概念:线程局部变量,是一种多线程并发访问变量的解决方案。与synchronized等加锁的方式不同,ThreadLocal完全不提供锁,而使用以空间换时间的手段,为每个线程提供变量的独立副本,以保障线程安全。
从性能上来说,ThreadLocal不具有绝对的优势,在并发不是很高的时候,加锁的性能会更好,但作为一套与锁无关的多线程并发访问变量的解决方案,在并发量高或者竞争激烈的场景,使用ThreadLocal可以一定程度上减少竞争。
package com.wq.ThreadLocal;
/**
* @author wangqiang
* @date 2018/12/18 18:19
*/
public class ConnThread {
public static ThreadLocal<String> th = new ThreadLocal<String>();
public void setTh(String value){
th.set(value);
}
public void getTh(){
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+":"+this.th.get());
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
final ConnThread ct = new ConnThread();
Thread t1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
ct.setTh("张三");
ct.getTh();
}
}, "t1");
Thread t2 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
ct.getTh();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}, "t2");
t1.start();
t2.start();
}
}
程序的运行结果:
t1:张三
t2:null
说明两个线程是互不影响的。
2.单例
创建 安全的单例第一种方式如下:
package com.wq.单例和多线程;
/**
* @author wangqiang
* @date 2018/12/18 18:34
*/
public class InnerSingleton {
private static class Singleton{
private static Singleton single =new Singleton();
}
public static Singleton getInstance(){
return Singleton.single;
}
}
静态内部类的方式, 这个可以了解一下静态内部类的作用
第二种:
package com.wq.单例和多线程;
public class DubbleSingleton {
private static DubbleSingleton ds;
public static DubbleSingleton getDs(){
//if(ds == null){
try {
//模拟初始化对象的准备时间...
Thread.sleep(3000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
synchronized (DubbleSingleton.class) {
if(ds == null){
ds = new DubbleSingleton();
}
}
//}
return ds;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Thread t1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println(DubbleSingleton.getDs().hashCode());
}
},"t1");
Thread t2 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println(DubbleSingleton.getDs().hashCode());
}
},"t2");
Thread t3 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println(DubbleSingleton.getDs().hashCode());
}
},"t3");
t1.start();
t2.start();
t3.start();
}
}