python-DRF_基于jwt的多方式登录_自定义user表-签发token-认证类_表关系及抽象表建立

DRF-Django rest framework

1. 基于jwt的多方式登陆

1. 需求分析

1. 登录方式
	1. 手机号+密码   
    2. 用户名+密码  
    3. 邮箱+密码
    
2. 流程分析（post请求）
	路由：   自动生成
    视图类：  ViewSet（ViewSetMixin, views.APIView）
    序列化类：重写validate方法，在这里面对用户名和密码进行校验
    
3. 代码实现
	如下.....

2. 代码实现

1. 路由

path('login/', views.LoginViewSet.as_view({'post':'create'})),

2. 视图

class LoginViewSet(ViewSet):
    def create(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        # 实例化得到一个序列化类的对象
        # ser=LoginSerializer(data=request.data,context={'request':request})
        ser = LoginSerializer(data=request.data)
        # 序列化类的对象的校验方法
        ser.is_valid(raise_exception=True)  # 字段自己的校验，局部钩子校验，全局钩子校验
        # 如果通过，表示登录成功，返回手动签发的token
        token = ser.context.get('token')
        username = ser.context.get('username')
        return APIResponse(token=token, username=username)
        # 如果失败，不用管了

3. 序列化类

from rest_framework import serializers
from app01.models import UserInfo
import re
from rest_framework.exceptions import ValidationError
from rest_framework_jwt.utils import jwt_encode_handler, jwt_payload_handler
from rest_framework_jwt.views import obtain_jwt_token

class LoginSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    username = serializers.CharField()

    class Meta:
        model = UserInfo
        fields = ['username', 'password']

    def validate(self, attrs):
        # username可能是邮箱，手机号，用户名
        username = attrs.get('username')
        password = attrs.get('password')
        # 如果是手机号
        if re.match('^1[3-9]\d{9}$', username):
            # 以手机号登录
            user = UserInfo.objects.filter(phone=username).first()
        elif re.match('^.+@.+$', username):
            # 以邮箱登录
            user = UserInfo.objects.filter(email=username).first()
        else:
            # 以用户名登录
            user = UserInfo.objects.filter(username=username).first()
        # 如果user有值并且密码正确
        if user and user.check_password(password):
            # 登录成功，生成token
            # drf-jwt中有通过user对象生成token的方法
            payload = jwt_payload_handler(user)
            token = jwt_encode_handler(payload)
            # token是要在视图类中使用，现在我们在序列化类中
            # self.context.get('request')
            # 视图类和序列化类之间通过context这个字典来传递数据
            self.context['token'] = token
            self.context['username'] = user.username
            return attrs
        else:
            raise ValidationError('用户名或密码错误')

2. 自定义user表 签发token 认证类

1. 表模型

class MyUser(models.Model):
    username = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    password = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    phone = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    email = models.EmailField()

2. 路由

path('login2/', views.MyLoginView.as_view()),

3. 视图

jwt_payload_handler = api_settings.JWT_PAYLOAD_HANDLER
jwt_encode_handler = api_settings.JWT_ENCODE_HANDLER
from rest_framework_jwt.views import obtain_jwt_token

class MyLoginView(APIView):
    def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        username = request.data.get('username')
        password = request.data.get('password')
        # 如果是手机号
        if re.match('^1[3-9]\d{9}$', username):
            # 以手机号登录
            user = MyUser.objects.filter(phone=username).first()
        elif re.match('^.+@.+$', username):
            # 以邮箱登录
            user = MyUser.objects.filter(email=username).first()
        else:
            # 以用户名登录
            user = MyUser.objects.filter(username=username).first()
        # 如果user有值并且密码正确
        if user and user.password == password:
            # 登录成功，生成token
            # drf-jwt中有通过user对象生成token的方法
            payload = jwt_payload_handler(user)
            token = jwt_encode_handler(payload)
            return APIResponse(token=token, username=user.username)
        else:
            return APIResponse(code=101, msg='用户名或密码错误')

3. book publish author表关系及抽象表建立

# 注意：
	以后所有的数据删除，尽量用软删除，使用一个字段标志是否删除，而不是真正的从数据库中删除
# 优点：
    1. 这样删除数据不会影响索引，不会导致索引失效
    2. 之前存的用户数据还在，以备以后使用
    
# 表模型如下
# 抽象出一个基表（不在数据库生成,abstract=True）,只用来继承
class BaseModel(models.Model):
    is_delete = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    create_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)

    class Meta:
        # 基表必须设置abstract，基表就是给普通Model类继承使用的，设置了abstract就不会完成数据库迁移完成建表
        abstract = True

class Book(BaseModel):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=16)
    price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=5, decimal_places=2)
    publish = models.ForeignKey(to='Publish', db_constraint=False, on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING)
    # 重点：多对多外键实际在关系表中，ORM默认关系表中两个外键都是级联
    # ManyToManyField字段不提供设置on_delete，如果想设置关系表级联，只能手动定义关系表
    authors = models.ManyToManyField(to='Author', related_name='books', db_constraint=False)

    @property
    def publish_name(self):
        return self.publish.name
    @property
    def author_list(self):
        # ll=[]
        # for author in self.authors.all():
        #     ll.append({'name':author.name,'sex':author.get_sex_display()})
        return [{'name': author.name, 'sex': author.get_sex_display()} for author in self.authors.all()]

class Publish(BaseModel):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=16)
    address = models.CharField(max_length=64)

class Author(BaseModel):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=16)
    sex = models.IntegerField(choices=[(0, '男'), (1, '女')], default=0)

class AuthorDetail(BaseModel):
    mobile = models.CharField(max_length=11)
    # 有作者可以没有详情，删除作者，详情一定会被级联删除
    # 外键字段为正向查询字段，related_name是反向查询字段
    author = models.OneToOneField(to='Author', related_name='detail', db_constraint=False, on_delete=models.CASCADE)

1. book表 单增 群增

class BookView(APIView):
    def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        if isinstance(request.data, dict):
            # 增一条
            ser = serializer.BookSerializer(data=request.data)
            ser.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
            ser.save()
            return APIResponse(data=ser.data)
        elif isinstance(request.data, list):
            # 增多条
            ser = serializer.BookSerializer(data=request.data, many=True)
            # 内部如何实现的？
            # many=True,ser不是BookSerializer对象，而是ListSerializer对象，套了一个个的BookSerializer
            print(type(ser))
            ser.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
            #
            from rest_framework.serializers import ListSerializer
            ser.save()  # ListSerializer的save
            return APIResponse(msg='增加%s条成功' % len(request.data))

2. book表 单查 群查

class BookView(APIView):
    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        pk = kwargs.get('pk', None)
        if pk:
            # 单查
            # 方式一
            # book=models.Book.objects.filter(id=pk).filter(is_delete=False).first()
            # if not book:
            #     raise Exception('要查询的不存在')

            # 方式二
            book = models.Book.objects.get(id=pk, is_delete=False)
            ser = serializer.BookSerializer(instance=book)

        else:
            # 查所有
            book_list = models.Book.objects.all().filter(is_delete=False)
            ser = serializer.BookSerializer(instance=book_list, many=True)
        return APIResponse(data=ser.data)

3. book表 单改 群改

class BookView(APIView):
    def put(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        pk = kwargs.get('pk', None)
        if pk:
            # 单条修改
            book = models.Book.objects.get(id=pk, is_delete=False)
            ser = serializer.BookSerializer(instance=book, data=request.data)
            ser.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
            ser.save()
            return APIResponse(msg='修改成功')
        else:
            # 分析：ListSerializer的update方法没有写，需要我们自己写
            from rest_framework.serializers import ListSerializer
            # pks=[item['id'] for item in request.data]

            # 如果不重写ListSerializer的update方法，这是存不进去的
            # 方式一
            pks = []
            for item in request.data:
                pks.append(item['id'])
                item.pop('id')

            print(request.data)
            book_list = models.Book.objects.filter(id__in=pks, is_delete=False)
            ser = serializer.BookSerializer(instance=book_list, data=request.data, many=True)
            print(type(ser))
            ser.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
            ser.save()
            return APIResponse(msg='修改%s条成功')

            # 方式二
            # pks = []
            # for item in request.data:
            #     pks.append(item['id'])
            #     item.pop('id')
            # book_list = models.Book.objects.filter(id__in=pks, is_delete=False)
            #
            # for i,book in enumerate(book_list):
            #     ser = serializer.BookSerializer(instance=book, data=request.data[i])
            #     ser.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
            #     ser.save()
            # return APIResponse(msg='修改%s条成功'%len(book_list))

4. book表 单删 群删

class BookView(APIView):

    def delete(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        pk = kwargs.get('pk', None)
        pks = []
        if pk:
            # 单条删除
            # res=models.Book.objects.filter(id=pk).update(is_delete=True)
            # print(res)
            # return APIResponse(msg='删除成功')
            pks.append(pk)
        else:
            pks = request.data

        res = models.Book.objects.filter(id__in=pks).update(is_delete=True)
        if res >= 1:
            return APIResponse(msg='删除%s条成功' % res)
        else:
            # raise Exception('没有要删除的数据')
            return APIResponse(code=999, msg='没有要删除的数据')

5. 序列化类

from app01 import models

class ListBookSerializer(serializers.ListSerializer):
    # def create(self, validated_data):
    #     print('=======',validated_data)
    #     return '1'
    def update(self, instance, validated_data):
        print(instance) # book_list:是一堆图书对象
        print(validated_data) # 列表套字典，是要修改的数据

        return [self.child.update(book, validated_data[i]) for i, book in enumerate(instance)]

class BookSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = models.Book
        list_serializer_class=ListBookSerializer # 指定many=True的时候，生成的ListBookSerializer的对象了
        fields = ['name', 'price', 'publish', 'authors', 'publish_name', 'author_list']
        extra_kwargs = {
            'publish': {'write_only': True},
            'authors': {'write_only': True},
            'publish_name': {'read_only': True},
            'author_list': {'read_only': True},
        }

    # def create(self, validated_data):
    #     print(validated_data)

6. 路由

path('books/', views.BookView.as_view()),
re_path('books/(?P<pk>\d+)', views.BookView.as_view()),

拓展

自定义token的签发和认证：https://www.cnblogs.com/liuqingzheng/articles/9766397.html