C#编写Windows服务及服务操作

Windows服务

Microsoft Windows 服务（即，以前的 NT 服务）使您能够创建在它们自己的 Windows 会话中可长时间运行的可执行应用程序。这些服务可以在计算机启动时自动启动，可以暂停和重新启动而且不显示任何用户界面。这种服务非常适合在服务器上使用，或任何时候，为了不影响在同一台计算机上工作的其他用户，需要长时间运行功能时使用。还可以在不同于登录用户的特定用户帐户或默认计算机帐户的安全上下文中运行服务。

创建Windows服务应用程序

创建Windows服务应用程序 即创建 Windows窗体应用程序。

选中Windows服务文件 出现设计界面后 在界面任意位置右键 添加安装程序

更改安装文件属性


在 MyService.cs 文件中写 服务启动 和 停止 分别 执行的 代码

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Linq;
using System.ServiceProcess;
using System.Text;

namespace MyService
{
    public partial class MyService : ServiceBase
    {
        public MyService()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        protected override void OnStart(string[] args)
        {
            using (System.IO.StreamWriter sw = new System.IO.StreamWriter("D:\\info.txt", true))
            {
                sw.WriteLine("MyService");
                sw.WriteLine(DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss ") + "Start.");
            }
        }

        protected override void OnStop()
        {
            using (System.IO.StreamWriter sw = new System.IO.StreamWriter("D:\\info.txt", true))
            {
                sw.WriteLine("MyService");
                sw.WriteLine(DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss ") + "Stop.");
            }
        }
    }
}

Windows服务辅助类

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.ServiceProcess;
using System.Configuration.Install;
using System.Collections;
using Microsoft.Win32;

namespace WindowsFormsApp1
{
    public class WindowsServiceHelp
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 判断服务是否存在
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="serviceName"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public bool IsExistsService(string serviceName)
        {
            /* 另一种方法
            得到当前计算机所有服务对象
            serviceController[] serviceControllers = ServiceController.GetServices();
            通过服务名【ServiceName】(非显示服务名DisplayServiceName) 得到服务对象①
            ServiceController serviceController = serviceControllers.SingleOrDefault(s => s.ServiceName == serviceName);
            */
            foreach (ServiceController sc in ServiceController.GetServices())
            {
                if (sc.ServiceName.ToUpper() == serviceName.ToUpper())
                {
                    return true;
                }
            }
            return false;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 安装服务
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="serviceProgramPath"></param>
        public void InstallService(string serviceProgramPath)
        {
            using (AssemblyInstaller installer = new AssemblyInstaller())
            {
                installer.UseNewContext = true;
                installer.Path = serviceProgramPath;
                IDictionary saveState = new Hashtable();
                installer.Install(saveState);
                installer.Commit(saveState);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 服务是否启动
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private bool ServiceIsRunning(string serviceName)
        {
            ServiceController service = new ServiceController(serviceName);
            if (service.Status == ServiceControllerStatus.Running)
            {
                return true;
            }
            else
            {
                return false;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 启动服务
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="serviceName"></param>
        public void LaunchService(string serviceName)
        {
            using (ServiceController currentService = new ServiceController(serviceName))
            {
                if (currentService.Status == ServiceControllerStatus.Stopped)
                {
                    currentService.Start();
                }
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 停止服务
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="serviceName"></param>
        public void StopService(string serviceName)
        {
            using (ServiceController service = new ServiceController(serviceName))
            {
                if (service.Status == ServiceControllerStatus.Running)
                {
                    service.Stop();
                }
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 卸载服务
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="serviceProgramPath"></param>
        public void UninstallService(string serviceProgramPath)
        {
            using (AssemblyInstaller installer = new AssemblyInstaller())
            {
                installer.UseNewContext = true;
                installer.Path = serviceProgramPath;
                installer.Uninstall(null);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 设置服务启动类型
        /// 2为自动 3为手动 4 为禁用
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="startType"></param>
        /// <param name="serviceName"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public bool ChangeServiceStartType(int startType, string serviceName)
        {
            try
            {
                RegistryKey regist = Registry.LocalMachine;
                RegistryKey sysReg = regist.OpenSubKey("SYSTEM");
                RegistryKey currentControlSet = sysReg.OpenSubKey("CurrentControlSet");
                RegistryKey services = currentControlSet.OpenSubKey("Services");
                RegistryKey servicesName = services.OpenSubKey(serviceName, true);
                servicesName.SetValue("Start", startType);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                return false;
            }
            return true;
        }
    }
}

创建Windows 窗体应用程序

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Configuration.Install;
using System.Collections;
using System.ServiceProcess;

namespace WindowsFormsApp1
{
    public partial class FrmServiceHelp : Form
    {
        string serviceProgramPath = Application.StartupPath + "\\MyService.exe";//安装服务路径
        string serviceName = "NickService";//安装服务名称 非 服务显示 名称
        WindowsServiceHelp serviceHelp = new WindowsServiceHelp();
        public FrmServiceHelp()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 安装服务
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void btnAdd_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                if (serviceHelp.IsExistsService(serviceName))
                {
                    serviceHelp.UninstallService(serviceProgramPath);
                }
                serviceHelp.InstallService(serviceProgramPath);
                MessageBox.Show(
                    string.Format("服务【{0}】安装成功!\r\n时间:【{1}】", serviceName, DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")),
                    "Tips:", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Asterisk);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(
                    string.Format("服务【{0}】安装失败!\r\n错误信息:【{1}】", serviceName, ex.Message),
                    "Tips:", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Hand);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 启动服务
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void btnStart_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                if (serviceHelp.IsExistsService(serviceName))
                {
                    serviceHelp.LaunchService(serviceName);
                }
                MessageBox.Show(
                    string.Format("服务【{0}】成功启动!\r\n时间:【{1}】", serviceName, DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")),
                    "Tips:", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(
                    string.Format("服务【{0}】启动失败!\r\n错误信息:【{1}】", serviceName, ex.Message),
                    "Tips:", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Hand);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 停止服务
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void btnStop_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                if (serviceHelp.IsExistsService(serviceName))
                {
                    serviceHelp.StopService(serviceName);
                }
                MessageBox.Show(
                    string.Format("服务【{0}】成功停止!\r\n时间:【{1}】", serviceName, DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")),
                    "Tips:", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(
                    string.Format("服务【{0}】停止失败!\r\n错误信息:【{1}】", serviceName, ex.Message),
                    "Tips:", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Hand);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 卸载服务
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void btnDelete_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                if (serviceHelp.IsExistsService(serviceName))
                {
                    serviceHelp.StopService(serviceName);
                    serviceHelp.UninstallService(serviceProgramPath);
                    MessageBox.Show(
                        string.Format("服务【{0}】成功卸载!\r\n时间:【{1}】", serviceName, DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")),
                        "Tips:", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
                }
                else
                {
                    MessageBox.Show(
                        string.Format("服务【{0}】不存在!\r\n时间:【{1}】", serviceName, DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")),
                        "Tips:", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(
                    string.Format("服务【{0}】卸载失败!\r\n错误信息:【{1}】", serviceName, ex.Message),
                    "Tips:", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Hand);
            }
        }
    }
}

记得用管理员身份运行起来，否则会操作 失败的。