对于一个普通的编程小白来说,文件系统无非就是几个功能,创建文件,创建目录,打开文件和文件读写。对于通常的硬盘文件系统来说,这要涉及硬盘的读写和硬盘空间管理,而读写从文件系统一直到通用块设备再到硬盘驱动。我们这些就剖析最简单的文件系统,深入内核。
aufs文件系统源代码
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/pagemap.h>
#include <linux/mount.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/namei.h>
#define AUFS_MAGIC 0x64668735
static struct vfsmount *aufs_mount;
static int aufs_mount_count;
static struct inode *aufs_get_inode(struct super_block *sb, int mode, dev_t dev)
{
struct inode *inode = new_inode(sb);
if (inode) {
inode->i_mode = mode;
inode->i_uid = current->fsuid;
inode->i_gid = current->fsgid;
inode->i_blksize = PAGE_CACHE_SIZE;
inode->i_blocks = 0;
inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = CURRENT_TIME;
switch (mode & S_IFMT) {
default:
init_special_inode(inode, mode, dev);
break;
case S_IFREG:
printk("creat a file \n");
break;
case S_IFDIR:
inode->i_op = &simple_dir_inode_operations;
inode->i_fop = &simple_dir_operations;
printk("creat a dir file \n");
inode->i_nlink++;
break;
}
}
return inode;
}
/* SMP-safe 创建iNode的函数 */
static int aufs_mknod(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry,
int mode, dev_t dev)
{
struct inode *inode;
int error = -EPERM;
/* 判断inode是否存在 如果存在就返回退出函数 */
if (dentry->d_inode)
return -EEXIST;
/* 如果inode不存在就调用aufs_get_inode函数创建inode */
inode = aufs_get_inode(dir->i_sb, mode, dev);
if (inode) {
/* */
d_instantiate(dentry, inode);
dget(dentry);
error = 0;
}
return error;
}
static int aufs_mkdir(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, int mode)
{
int res;
/* 参数S_IFDIR表示创建一个目录文件的inode */
res = aufs_mknod(dir, dentry, mode |S_IFDIR, 0);
if (!res)
dir->i_nlink++;
return res;
}
static int aufs_create(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, int mode)
{
return aufs_mknod(dir, dentry, mode | S_IFREG, 0);
}
static int aufs_fill_super(struct super_block *sb, void *data, int silent)
{
static struct tree_descr debug_files[] = {
{
""}};
return simple_fill_super(sb, AUFS_MAGIC, debug_files);
}
static struct super_block *aufs_get_sb(struct file_system_type *fs_type,
int flags, const char *dev_name,
void *data)
{
return get_sb_single(fs_type, flags, data, aufs_fill_super);
}
static struct file_system_type au_fs_type = {
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
.name = "aufs",
.get_sb = aufs_get_sb,
.kill_sb = kill_litter_super,
};
/* 创建文件的inode和dentry结构 */
static int aufs_create_by_name(const char *name, mode_t mode,
struct dentry *parent,
struct dentry **dentry)
{
int error = 0;
/* If the parent is not specified, we create it in the root.
* We need the root dentry to do this, which is in the super
* block. A pointer to that is in the struct vfsmount that we
* have around.
*/
/* 判断是否有父目录 没有就赋予文件系统的根dentry */
if (!parent ) {
if (aufs_mount && aufs_mount->mnt_sb) {
parent = aufs_mount->mnt_sb->s_root;
}
}
if (!parent) {
printk("Ah! can not find a parent!\n");
return -EFAULT;
}
*dentry = NULL;
/* 原子锁 */
mutex_lock(&parent->d_inode->i_mutex);
/* 调用lookup_one_len:首先在父目录下根据名字查找dentry结构 如果存在就返回指针 不存在就创建一个dentry */
*dentry = lookup_one_len(name, parent, strlen(name));
if (!IS_ERR(dentry)) {
if ((mode & S_IFMT) == S_IFDIR)
/* 这里表示创建一个目录文件的inode */
error = aufs_mkdir(parent->d_inode, *dentry, mode);
else
/* 创建一个文件的inode */
error = aufs_create(parent->d_inode, *dentry, mode);
} else
error = PTR_ERR(dentry);
mutex_unlock(&parent->d_inode->i_mutex);
return error;
}
/* 创建一个文件 文件是用dentry和inode代表的 这里是创建dentry和inode */
struct dentry *aufs_create_file(const char *name, mode_t mode,
struct dentry *parent, void *data,
struct file_operations *fops)
{
struct dentry *dentry = NULL;
int error;
printk("aufs: creating file '%s'\n",name);
error = aufs_create_by_name(name, mode, parent, &dentry);
if (error) {
dentry = NULL;
goto exit;
}
if (dentry->d_inode) {
if (data)
dentry->d_inode->u.generic_ip = data;
if (fops)
dentry->d_inode->i_fop = fops;
}
exit:
return dentry;
}
/* 目录创建 linux中目录也是文件 所以调用aufs_create_file创建文件 传入参数S_IFDIR指明创建的是一个目录 */
struct dentry *aufs_create_dir(const char *name, struct dentry *parent)
{
return aufs_create_file(name,
S_IFDIR | S_IRWXU | S_IRUGO | S_IXUGO,
parent, NULL, NULL);
}
static int __init aufs_init(void)
{
int retval;
struct dentry *pslot;
/* 将文件系统登记到系统 */
retval = register_filesystem(&au_fs_type);
if (!retval) {
/* 创建super_block 根dentry 根inode */
aufs_mount = kern_mount(&au_fs_type);
/* kern_mount错误就卸载文件系统 */
if (IS_ERR(aufs_mount)) {
printk(KERN_ERR "aufs: could not mount!\n");
unregister_filesystem(&au_fs_type);
return retval;
}
}
/* 创建目录和目录下的几个文件 */
pslot = aufs_create_dir("woman star",NULL);
aufs_create_file("lbb", S_IFREG | S_IRUGO, pslot, NULL, NULL);
aufs_create_file("fb