目录
1、pom包配置pom包里面添加spring-boot-starter-mail包引用
2、在application.properties中添加邮箱配置
发送邮件应该是网站的必备功能之一,什么注册验证,忘记密码或者是给用户发送营销信息。最早期的时候我们会使用JavaMail相关api来写发送邮件的相关代码,后来spring推出了JavaMailSender更加简化了邮件发送的过程,在之后springboot对此进行了封装就有了现在的spring-boot-starter-mail,本章文章的介绍主要来自于此包。
简单使用
1、pom包配置
pom包里面添加spring-boot-starter-mail包引用
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
</dependency>
2、在application.properties中添加邮箱配置
spring.mail.host=smtp.qq.com
spring.mail.username=xxxxxxxxx@qq.com
spring.mail.password=xxxxxxxxx // 第三方授权码
spring.mail.default-encoding=UTF-8
mail.from.address=xxxxxx@qq.com
坑点 坑点 坑点 !!!!!!!!!
邮件服务器 用户名 与密码配置针对场景不同 配置不对会一直报错
对于QQ 网易这些由授权码码的:
spring.mail.host=smtp.qq.com
spring.mail.username=xxxxxxxxx@qq.com
spring.mail.password=xxxxxxxxx // 第三方授权码
公司邮箱,没有授权码的那种
spring.mail.host=公司内部邮件服务器的IP 或者域名地址
spring.mail.username=用户名(可能不含@xx.com)
spring.mail.password=登陆密码
相当于模仿页面登陆 加了@xx.com或者邮件服务器不对 可能一直在连不上的死胡同徘徊
3、编写mailService,这里只提出实现类
简单邮件使用
@Service
public class SendMailServiceImpl implements SendMailService {
Logger LOGGER=LoggerFactory.getLogger(SendMailServiceImpl.class);
@Value("${mail.from.address}")
private String fromAddress;
@Autowired
private JavaMailSender mailSender;
@Override
public void sendSimpleMail(String toUser, String subject, String content) {
LOGGER.info("sendSimpleMail 简单邮件发送开始 toUser:{},subject:{},content:{}",toUser,subject,content);
SimpleMailMessage simpleMailMessage=new SimpleMailMessage();
simpleMailMessage.setFrom(fromAddress);
simpleMailMessage.setTo(toUser);
simpleMailMessage.setSubject(subject);
simpleMailMessage.setText(content);
try {
mailSender.send(simpleMailMessage);
LOGGER.info("简单邮件已经发送。");
}catch (Exception e){
LOGGER.error("简单邮件发送失败!",e);
}
}
http格式 邮件使用
@Override
public void sendHttpMail(String toUser, String subject, String content) {
LOGGER.info("sendHttpMail http格式的邮件发送开始 toUser:{},subject:{},content:{}",toUser,subject,content);
MimeMessage mimeMailMessage=mailSender.createMimeMessage();
try {
MimeMessageHelper mimeMessageHelper=new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMailMessage,true);
mimeMessageHelper.setFrom(fromAddress);
mimeMessageHelper.setTo(toUser);
mimeMessageHelper.setSubject(subject);
mimeMessageHelper.setText(content,true);
mailSender.send(mimeMailMessage);
LOGGER.info("邮件发送成功。");
} catch (MessagingException e) {
LOGGER.error("邮件发送失败!",e);
}
}
带附件的 邮件使用
@Override
public void sendAttachmentMail(String toUser, String subject, String content, String filePath) {
LOGGER.info("sendAttachmentMail 带附件的邮件发送开始 toUser:{},subject:{},content:{},filePath:{}",toUser,subject,content,filePath);
MimeMessage mimeMailMessage=mailSender.createMimeMessage();
try {
MimeMessageHelper mimeMessageHelper=new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMailMessage,true);
mimeMessageHelper.setFrom(fromAddress);
mimeMessageHelper.setTo(toUser);
mimeMessageHelper.setSubject(subject);
mimeMessageHelper.setText(content);
FileSystemResource fileSystemResource=new FileSystemResource(filePath);
String fileName=filePath.substring(filePath.lastIndexOf(File.separator));
mimeMessageHelper.addAttachment(fileName,fileSystemResource); //添加多个附件可以使用多条 helper.addAttachment(fileName, file)
mailSender.send(mimeMailMessage);
LOGGER.info("邮件发送成功。");
} catch (MessagingException e) {
LOGGER.error("邮件发送失败!",e);
}
}
邮件内容中带静态资源的(如:图片)邮件使用
@Override
public void sendInlineResourceMail(String toUser, String subject, String content, String filePath, String rscId) {
LOGGER.info("sendAttachmentMail 带附件的邮件发送开始 toUser:{},subject:{},content:{},filePath:{},rscId:{}",toUser,subject,content,filePath,rscId);
MimeMessage mimeMailMessage=mailSender.createMimeMessage();
try {
MimeMessageHelper mimeMessageHelper=new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMailMessage,true);
mimeMessageHelper.setFrom(fromAddress);
mimeMessageHelper.setTo(toUser);
mimeMessageHelper.setSubject(subject);
mimeMessageHelper.setText(content,true);
FileSystemResource fileSystemResource=new FileSystemResource(filePath);
mimeMessageHelper.addInline(rscId,fileSystemResource); //添加多个图片可以使用多条 <img src='cid:" + rscId + "' > 和 helper.addInline(rscId, res) 来实现
mailSender.send(mimeMailMessage);
LOGGER.info("邮件发送成功。");
} catch (MessagingException e) {
LOGGER.error("邮件发送失败!",e);
}
}
}
4.测试类
@Test
public void testSimpleMail(){
String toUser="xxxxxxxxx@qq.com";
String subject="简单邮件测试";
String content="测试一下!!";
sendMailService.sendSimpleMail(toUser,subject,content);
}
@Test
public void testHttpMail(){
String toUser="xxxxxxxxxx@qq.com";
String subject="http格式的邮件测试";
String content="<html><body>测试一下http格式的</body></html>";
sendMailService.sendHttpMail(toUser,subject,content);
}
@Test
public void testAttachMail(){
String toUser="xxxxxxxxx@qq.com";
String subject="带附件的邮件测试";
String content="测试一下!!";
String fileName="D:\\1.txt";
sendMailService.sendAttachmentMail(toUser,subject,content,fileName);
}
@Test
public void testInlineMail(){
String rscid="001";
String toUser="xxxxxxxx@qq.com";
String subject="带静态资源的邮件测试";
String content="<html><body>测试一下带图片的<img src='cid:"+rscid+"'/></body></html>";
String fileName="D:\\aa.png";
sendMailService.sendInlineResourceMail(toUser,subject,content,fileName,rscid);
}
5.邮件模板
我们会经常收到这样的邮件:
尊敬的neo用户: 恭喜您注册成为xxx网的用户,,同时感谢您对xxx的关注与支持并欢迎您使用xx的产品与服务。 ...
其中只有neo这个用户名在变化,其它邮件内容均不变,如果每次发送邮件都需要手动拼接的话会不够优雅,并且每次模板的修改都需要改动代码的话也很不方便,因此对于这类邮件需求,都建议做成邮件模板来处理。模板的本质很简单,就是在模板中替换变化的参数,转换为html字符串即可,这里以thymeleaf为例来演示。
1、pom中导入thymeleaf的包<
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>
2、在resorces/templates下创建emailTemplate.html
<html lang="zh" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8"/>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
您好,这是验证邮件,请点击下面的链接完成验证,<br/>
<a href="#" th:href="@{ http://www.baidu.com/neo/{id}(id=${id}) }">激活账号</a>
</body>
</html>
3、解析模板并发送
@Test
public void sendTemplateMail() {
//创建邮件正文
Context context = new Context();
context.setVariable("id", "006");
String emailContent = templateEngine.process("demo", context);
String toUser="xxxxxxxxx@qq.com";
String subject="http格式的邮件测试";
sendMailService.sendHttpMail(toUser,subject,emailContent);
}