Java类加载机制

参考https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/x3Z6srrlTJsPzPS8QMSyWg

首先能看到 ExtClassLoader 确实是 AppClassLoader 的双亲，
不过却没有看到 BootstrapClassLoader。
事实上，上文就提过， BootstrapClassLoader比较特殊，它是由 JVM 内部实现的，所以 ExtClassLoader.getParent() = null。

package com.company.类加载.classloader;

import javafx.scene.Parent;

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2018/7/11 0011.
 */
public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //loadClass();
        printParent();

    }

    private static void loadClass() {
        try {
            Class<?> clazz = Class.forName("com.company.类加载.classloader.MusicPlayer");
            ClassLoader classLoader = clazz.getClassLoader();
            System.out.printf("ClassLoader is %s", classLoader.getClass().getSimpleName());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("error");
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
        }

    }

    private static void printParent() {
        try {
            Class<?> clazz = Class.forName("com.company.类加载.classloader.MusicPlayer");
            ClassLoader classLoader = clazz.getClassLoader();
            System.out.printf("currentClassLoader is %s\n", classLoader.getClass().getSimpleName());
            //ExtClassLoader.getParent() = null 
            while (classLoader.getParent() != null) {
                classLoader = classLoader.getParent();
                System.out.printf("Parent is %s\n", classLoader.getClass().getSimpleName());
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("error");
            System.out.println(e);
        }

    }

}

源码阅读

//类加载源码阅读
    protected Class<?> loadClass(String name, boolean resolve) throws ClassNotFoundException {
        synchronized (getClassLoadingLock(name)) {
            // 1. 检查是否曾加载过
            Class<?> c = findLoadedClass(name);
            if (c == null) {
                long t0 = System.nanoTime();
                try {
                    if (parent != null) {
                        // 优先让 parent 加载器去加载
                        c = parent.loadClass(name, false);
                    } else {
                        // 如无 parent，表示当前是 BootstrapClassLoader，调用 native 方法去 JVM 加载
                        c = findBootstrapClassOrNull(name);
                    }
                } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
                    // ClassNotFoundException thrown if class not found
                    // from the non-null parent class loader
                }
                if (c == null) {                // 如果 parent 均没有加载到目标class，调用自身的 findClass() 方法去搜索
                    long t1 = System.nanoTime();
                    c = findClass(name);                // this is the defining class loader; record the stats
                    sun.misc.PerfCounter.getParentDelegationTime().addTime(t1 - t0);
                    sun.misc.PerfCounter.getFindClassTime().addElapsedTimeFrom(t1);
                    sun.misc.PerfCounter.getFindClasses().increment();
                }
            }
            if (resolve) {
                resolveClass(c);
            }
            return c;
        }
    }
    // BootstrapClassLoader 会调用 native 方法去 JVM 加载private native Class<?> findBootstrapClass(String name);

从网络加载类

public class NetworkClassLoader extends ClassLoader {
        @Override
        protected Class<?> findClass(String name) throws ClassNotFoundException {
            byte[] classData = downloadClassData(name); // 从远程下载
            if (classData == null) {
                super.findClass(name); // 未找到，抛异常
            } else {
                return defineClass(name, classData, 0, classData.length); // convert class byte data to Class<?> object
            }
            return null;
        }
private byte[] downloadClassData(String name) {        // 从 localhost 下载 .class 文件
            String path = "http://localhost" + File.separatorChar + "java" + File.separatorChar + name.replace('.', File.separatorChar) + ".class";
            try {
                URL url = new URL(path);
                InputStream ins = url.openStream();
                ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
                int bufferSize = 4096;
                byte[] buffer = new byte[bufferSize];
                int bytesNumRead = 0;
                while ((bytesNumRead = ins.read(buffer)) != -1) {
                    baos.write(buffer, 0, bytesNumRead); // 把下载的二进制数据存入 ByteArrayOutputStream
                }
                return baos.toByteArray();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return null;
        }

        public String getName() {
            System.out.printf("Real NetworkClassLoader\n");
            return "networkClassLoader";
        }
    }