Deceptive Dice （规律）

Deceptive Dice 计蒜客 - 43468

Recently your town has been infested by swindlers who convince unknowing tourists to play a simple dice game with them for money. The game works as follows: given is an n-sided die,whose sides have 1, 2, . . . , n pips, and a positive integer k. You then roll the die, and then have to make a choice. Option 1 is to stop rolling. Option 2 is to reroll the die, with the limitation that the die can only be rolled k times in total. Your score is the number of pips showing on your final roll.

Obviously the swindlers are better at this game than the tourists are. You, proud supporter of the Battle Against ProbabilisticCatastrophes, decide to fight this problem not by banning the swindlers but by arming the tourists with information.

You create pamphlets on which tourists can find the maximum expected score for many values of n and k. You are sure that the swindlers will soon stop their swindling if the tourists are better prepared than they are!

The layout of the flyers is done, and you have distribution channels set up. All that is left to do is to calculate the numbers to put on the pamphlet.

Given the number of sides of the die and the number of times you are allowed to roll, calculate the expected (that is, average) score when the game is played optimally.

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INPUT:

• A single line with two integers 1 ≤ n ≤ 100, the number of sides of the die, and 1 ≤ k ≤ 100, the number of times the die may be rolled.

OUTPUT:

Output the expected score when playing optimally. Your answer should have an absolute or relative error of at most 10^-7.

Sample Input 4:

8 9

Sample Output 4:

7.268955230712891

样例输入
1 1
样例输出
1

题意：一个n面的筛子，至多可以投掷k次，最后一次投掷的结果就是最终结果，尽量最大，每一次投掷后，结果出来，你可以选择取消这次投掷(投掷次数要减一)，在最好的策略下，结果最大值是多少

• 例如n = 20,k = 3;
• 第一次投掷期望值为10.5
• 第二次投掷，因为结果要比前一次大才会取，否则取前一次的数，所以要取11-20范围内的数，结果为13
• 第三次同理，投掷到了14-20范围的数，就取，否则取13，结果为14.4

#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
const int maxn = 1e6+9;
int main()
{
    long long n,k;
    double ans = 0;
    cin>>n>>k;
    for(int i = 1;i<=k;i++)
    {
        long long num = floor(ans+1);
        ans = ans*(num-1.0)/n +(n+num)*(n-num+1)*1.0/n/2;
    }
    printf("%.9lf\n",ans);

    return 0;
}