1.请求数据的获取
package gz.itcast.b_request;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* 请求数据的获取
* @author APPle
*
*/
public class RequestDemo1 extends HttpServlet {
/**
* 1)tomcat服务器接收到浏览器发送的请求数据，然后封装到HttpServetRequest对象
* 2）tomcat服务器调用doGet方法，然后把request对象传入到servlet中。
*/
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
/**
* 3)从request对象取出请求数据。
*/
//t1(request);
//t2(request);
}
// 为了接收POST方式提交的请求
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
/**
* 3.3 请求的实体内容
*/
InputStream in = request.getInputStream(); //得到实体内容
byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
int len = 0;
while( (len=in.read(buf))!=-1 ){
String str = new String(buf,0,len);
System.out.println(str);
}
}
private void t2(HttpServletRequest request) {
/**
* 3.2 请求头
*/
String host = request.getHeader("Host"); //根据头名称的到头的内容
System.out.println(host);
//遍历所有请求头
Enumeration<String> enums = request.getHeaderNames(); //得到所有的请求头名称列表
while(enums.hasMoreElements()){//判断是否有下一个元素
String headerName = enums.nextElement(); //取出下一个元素
String headerValue = request.getHeader(headerName);
System.out.println(headerName+":"+headerValue);
}
}
private void t1(HttpServletRequest request) {
/**
* 3.1 请求行 格式：（GET /day09/hello HTTP/1.1）
*/
System.out.println("请求方式："+request.getMethod());//请求方式
System.out.println("URI:"+request.getRequestURI());//请求资源
System.out.println("URL:"+request.getRequestURL());
System.out.println("http协议版本："+request.getProtocol());//http协议
}
}
2.tomcat服务器首先会调用servlet的service方法，然后在service方法中再根据请求方式来分别调用对应的doXX方法
（例如，如果是GET请求方式，在service方法中调用doGet方法）
因为最常的请求方式是GET 和POST，所以编写servlet程序，只需要覆盖doGet和doPost即可！！！！
package gz.itcast.b_request;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class RequestDemo2 extends HttpServlet {
/**
* 注意：tomcat服务器首先会调用servlet的service方法，然后在service方法中再根据请求方式来分别调用对应的doXX方法
* （例如，如果是GET请求方式，在service方法中调用doGet方法）
*
* 因为最常的请求方式是GET 和POST，所以编写servlet程序，只需要覆盖doGet和doPost即可！！！！
*/
/*@Override
protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
System.out.println(req.getMethod());
System.out.println("service方法被调用");
}*/
/**
* 该方法用于接收浏览器的Get方式提交的请求
*/
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
System.out.println("GET方式提交");
}
/**
* 该方法用于接收浏览器的Post方式提交的请求
*/
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
System.out.println("Post方式提交");
}
}
3.案例-获取浏览器的类型
package gz.itcast.b_request;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* 案例-获取浏览器的类型
* @author APPle
*
*/
public class RequestDemo3 extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
//获取请求头： user-agent
String userAgent = request.getHeader("user-agent");
System.out.println(userAgent);
//判断用户使用的浏览器类型
if(userAgent.contains("Firefox")){
response.getWriter().write("你正在使用火狐浏览器");
}else if(userAgent.contains("Chrome")){
response.getWriter().write("你正在使用谷歌浏览器");
}else if(userAgent.contains("Trident")){
response.getWriter().write("你正在使用IE浏览器");
}else{
response.getWriter().write("地球上没有这个浏览器，建议使用火狐浏览器");
}
}
}
4.案例- 防止非法链接
package gz.itcast.b_request;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* 案例- 防止非法链接
* 这是需要下载的资源
* @author APPle
*
*/
public class RequestDemo4 extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
//得到referer头
String referer = request.getHeader("referer");
System.out.println("referer="+referer);
/**
* 判断非法链接：
* 1）直接访问的话referer=null
* 2）如果当前请求不是来自广告
*/
if(referer==null || !referer.contains("/day09/adv.html")){
response.getWriter().write("当前是非法链接，请回到首页。<a href='/day09/adv.html'>首页</a>");
}else{
//正确的链接
response.getWriter().write("资源正在下载...");
}
}
}
5.获取GET方式和Post方式提交的参数
package gz.itcast.b_request;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* 获取GET方式和Post方式提交的参数
* @author APPle
*
*/
public class RequestDemo5 extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
/**
* 设置参数查询的编码
* 该方法只能对请求实体内容的数据编码起作用。POST提交的数据在实体内容中，所以该方法对POST方法有效！
* GET方法的参数放在URI后面，所以对GET方式无效！！！
*/
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
/* System.out.println("GET方式");
//接收GET方式提交的参数
String value = request.getQueryString();
System.out.println(value);*/
/**
* 统一方便地获取请求参数的方法
*/
System.out.println(request.getMethod()+"方式");
//getParameter(name): 根据参数名得到参数值(只能获取一个值的参数)
String name = request.getParameter("name");
/**
* 手动重新解码(iso-8859-1 字符串-> utf-8 字符串)
*/
/*if("GET".equals(request.getMethod())){
name = new String(name.getBytes("iso-8859-1"),"utf-8");
}*/
String password = request.getParameter("password");
/*if("GET".equals(request.getMethod())){
password = new String(password.getBytes("iso-8859-1"),"utf-8");
}*/
System.out.println(name+"="+password);
System.out.println("=============================");
Enumeration<String> enums = request.getParameterNames();
while( enums.hasMoreElements() ){
String paramName = enums.nextElement();
//如果参数名是hobit，则调用getParameterValues
if("hobit".equals(paramName)){
/**
* getParameterValues(name): 根据参数名获取参数值（可以获取多个值的同名参数）
*/
System.out.println(paramName+":");
String[] hobits = request.getParameterValues("hobit");
for(String h: hobits){
/* if("GET".equals(request.getMethod())){
h = new String(h.getBytes("iso-8859-1"),"utf-8");
}*/
System.out.print(h+",");
}
System.out.println();
//如果不是hobit，则调用getParameter
}else{
String paramValue = request.getParameter(paramName);
/*
if("GET".equals(request.getMethod())){
paramValue = new String(paramValue.getBytes("iso-8859-1"),"utf-8");
}*/
System.out.println(paramName+"="+paramValue);
}
}
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
/*System.out.println("POST方式");
InputStream in = request.getInputStream();
byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
int len = 0;
while( (len=in.read(buf))!=-1 ){
System.out.println(new String(buf,0,len));
}*/
/**
* 统一方便地获取请求参数的方法
*/
/*System.out.println("POST方式");
//根据参数名得到参数值
String name = request.getParameter("name");
String password = request.getParameter("password");
System.out.println(name+"="+password);
System.out.println("=============================");
Enumeration<String> enums = request.getParameterNames();
while( enums.hasMoreElements() ){
String paramName = enums.nextElement();
String paramValue = request.getParameter(paramName);
System.out.println(paramName+"="+paramValue);
}*/
//一定调用doGet方式
this.doGet(request, response);
}
}
6.设置响应信息
package gz.itcast.c_response;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* 设置响应信息
* @author APPle
*
*/
public class ResponseDemo1 extends HttpServlet {
/**
* 1)tomcat服务器把请求信息封装到HttpServletRequest对象，且把响应信息封装到HttpServletResponse
* 2）tomcat服务器调用doGet方法，传入request，和response对象
*/
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
/**
* 3）通过response对象改变响应信息
*/
/**
* 3.1 响应行
*/
response.setStatus(404);//修改状态码
response.sendError(404); // 发送404的状态码+404的错误页面
/**
* 3.2 响应头
*/
response.setHeader("server", "JBoss");
/**
* 3.3 实体内容(浏览器直接能够看到的内容就是实体内容)
*/
//response.getWriter().write("01.hello world"); //字符内容。
response.getOutputStream().write("02.hello world".getBytes());//字节内容
}
/**
* 4)tomcat服务器把response对象的内容转换成响应格式内容，再发送给浏览器解析。
*/
}
7.案例- 请求重定向
package gz.itcast.c_response;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* 案例- 请求重定向
* （相当于超链接跳转页面）
* @author APPle
*
*/
public class ResponseDemo2 extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
/**
* 需求： 跳转到adv.html
* 使用请求重定向： 发送一个302状态码+location的响应头
*/
/*response.setStatus(302);//发送一个302状态码*/
response.setHeader("location", "/day09/adv.html"); //location的响应头
//请求重定向简化写法
response.sendRedirect("/day09/adv.html");
}
}
8.案例- 定时刷新
package gz.itcast.c_response;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* 案例- 定时刷新
* @author APPle
*
*/
public class ResponseDemo3 extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
/**
* 定时刷新
* 原理：浏览器认识refresh头，得到refresh头之后重新请求当前资源
*/
//response.setHeader("refresh", "1"); //每隔1秒刷新次页面
/**
* 隔n秒之后跳转另外的资源
*/
response.setHeader("refresh", "3;url=/day09/adv.html");//隔3秒之后跳转到adv.html
}
}
9.案例- content-Type作用
package gz.itcast.c_response;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* 案例- content-Type作用
* @author APPle
*
*/
public class ResponseDemo4 extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
/**
* 设置响应实体内容编码
*/
//response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
/**
* 1. 服务器发送给浏览器的数据类型和内容编码
*/
//response.setHeader("content-type", "text/html");
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");//和上面代码等价。推荐使用此方法
//response.setContentType("text/xml");
//response.setContentType("image/jpg");
//response.getWriter().write("<html><head><title>this is tilte</title></head><body>中国</body></html>");
response.getOutputStream().write("<html><head><title>this is tilte</title></head><body>中国</body></html>".getBytes("utf-8"));
/*File file = new File("e:/mm.jpg");
*//**
* 设置以下载方式打开文件
*//*
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename="+file.getName());
*//**
* 下载图片
*//*
*//**
* 发送图片
*//*
FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(file);
byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
int len = 0;
//把图片内容写出到浏览器
while( (len=in.read(buf))!=-1 ){
response.getOutputStream().write(buf, 0, len);
}*/
}
}
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