Mac下MySQL的my.cnf配置文件在哪

前情提示：

Mac 10.14

MySQL8.0官方下载安装

PS：

无论是homebrew等方式，在Mac下都是不会生成my.cnf文件，因为已经使用了最优默认值，如果需要也可以自行新建或配置/etc/my.cnf

加载my.cnf位置顺序查看：

mysql --verbose --help | grep my.cnf

默认安装位置：/usr/local/mysql

补充：

（Mac）这里实际安装位置为mysql8.0-mac-xxx类似这种格式的，只是引用了快捷方式，在偏好设置里可以看到，而且也可以看到mysql文件夹左下角有个快捷键头。

一般情况下/usr/local/mysql/support-files/下不会有示例文件，如果有可以执行以下命令：

cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files/
sudo cp my-huge.cnf /etc/my.cnf

如果没有，也可以手动创建my.cnf文件：

#
# FromDual configuration file template for MySQL, Galera Cluster, MariaDB and Percona Server
# Location: %MYCNF%
# This template is intended to work with MySQL 5.7 and newer and MariaDB 10.0 and newer
# Get most recent updated from here:
# https://www.fromdual.com/mysql-configuration-file-sample
#

[client]

port                           = %PORT%                              # default 3306
socket                         = %SOCKET%                            # Use mysqld.sock on Ubuntu, conflicts with AppArmor otherwise


[mysql]

no_auto_rehash
max_allowed_packet             = 16M
prompt                         = '\u@\h [\d]> '                      # 'user@host [schema]> '
default_character_set          = utf8                                # Possibly this setting is correct for most recent Linux systems


[mysqldump]

max_allowed_packet             = 16M


[mysqld_safe]                                                        # Becomes sooner or later obsolete with systemd

open_files_limit               = 8192                                # You possibly have to adapt your O/S settings as well
user                           = mysql
log-error                      = %INSTANCEDIR%/log/%UNAME%_%INSTANCE%_error.log   # Adjust AppArmor configuration: /etc/apparmor.d/local/usr.sbin.mysqld


[mysqld]

# Connection and Thread variables

port                           = %PORT%                                # default 3306
socket                         = %SOCKET%                              # Use mysqld.sock on Ubuntu, conflicts with AppArmor otherwise
basedir                        = %BASEDIR%
datadir                        = %DATADIR%
# tmpdir                         = '%INSTANCEDIR%/tmp'
# innodb_tmpdir                  = '%INSTANCEDIR%/tmp'                 # MySQL 5.7

max_allowed_packet             = 16M
default_storage_engine         = InnoDB
# explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = 1                                  # MySQL 5.6, test carefully! This can have an impact on application.
# disable_partition_engine_check  = true                               # Since MySQL 5.7.17 to 5.7.20. To get rid of nasty message in error log

# character_set_server           = utf8mb4                             # For modern applications, default in MySQL 8.0
# collation_server               = utf8mb4_general_ci


max_connections                = 151                                 # Values < 1000 are typically good
max_user_connections           = 145                                 # Limit one specific user/application
thread_cache_size              = 151                                 # Up to max_connections makes sense


# Query Cache (does not exist in MySQL 8.0 any more!)

# query_cache_type               = 1                                   # Set to 0 to avoid global QC Mutex
# query_cache_size               = 32M                                 # Avoid too big (> 128M) QC because of QC clean-up lock!


# Session variables

sort_buffer_size               = 2M                                  # Could be too big for many small sorts
tmp_table_size                 = 32M                                 # Make sure your temporary results do NOT contain BLOB/TEXT attributes

read_buffer_size               = 128k                                # Resist to change this parameter if you do not know what you are doing
read_rnd_buffer_size           = 256k                                # Resist to change this parameter if you do not know what you are doing
join_buffer_size               = 128k                                # Resist to change this parameter if you do not know what you are doing


# Other buffers and caches

table_definition_cache         = 1400                                # As big as many tables you have
table_open_cache               = 2000                                # connections x tables/connection (~2)
table_open_cache_instances     = 16                                  # New default in 5.7


# MySQL error log

log_error                      = %INSTANCEDIR%/log/%UNAME%_%INSTANCE%_error.log   # Adjust AppArmor configuration: /etc/apparmor.d/local/usr.sbin.mysqld
# log_timestamps                 = SYSTEM                              # MySQL 5.7, equivalent to old behaviour
log_warnings                   = 2                                   # MySQL 5.6, equivalent to log_error_verbosity = 3
# log_error_verbosity            = 3                                   # MySQL 5.7, equivalent to log_warnings = 2, MariaDB does NOT support this!
innodb_print_all_deadlocks     = 1
# wsrep_log_conflicts            = 1                                   # for Galera only!


# Slow Query Log

slow_query_log_file            = %INSTANCEDIR%/log/%UNAME%_%INSTANCE%_slow.log   # Adjust AppArmor configuration: /etc/apparmor.d/local/usr.sbin.mysqld
slow_query_log                 = 0
log_queries_not_using_indexes  = 0                                   # Interesting on developer systems!
long_query_time                = 0.5
min_examined_row_limit         = 100


# General Query Log

general_log_file               = %INSTANCEDIR%/log/%UNAME%_%INSTANCE%_general.log   # Adjust AppArmor configuration: /etc/apparmor.d/local/usr.sbin.mysqld
general_log                    = 0


# Performance Schema

# performance_schema             = ON                                  # for MariaDB 10 releases
performance_schema_consumer_events_statements_history_long = ON      # MySQL 5.6/MariaDB 10 and newer


# Binary logging and Replication

server_id                      = %SERVERID%                            # Must be set on MySQL 5.7 and newer if binary log is enabled!
log_bin                        = %INSTANCEDIR%/binlog/%UNAME%_%INSTANCE%_binlog            # Locate outside of datadir, adjust AppArmor configuration: /etc/apparmor.d/local/usr.sbin.mysqld
# master_verify_checksum         = ON                                  # MySQL 5.6
binlog_cache_size              = 1M
binlog_stmt_cache_size         = 1M
max_binlog_size                = 128M                                # Make bigger for high traffic to reduce number of files
sync_binlog                    = 1                                   # Set to 0 or higher to increase write performance
expire_logs_days               = 5                                   # We will survive easter holidays
binlog_format                  = ROW                                 # Use MIXED if you want to experience some troubles
# binlog_row_image               = MINIMAL                             # Since 5.6
# auto_increment_increment       = 2                                   # For Master/Master set-ups use 2 for both nodes
# auto_increment_offset          = 1                                   # For Master/Master set-ups use 1 and 2


# Slave variables

log_slave_updates              = 1                                   # Use if Slave is used for Backup and PiTR
read_only                      = 0                                   # Set to 1 to prevent writes on Slave
# super_read_only                = 0                                   # Set to 1 to prevent writes on Slave for users with SUPER privilege. Since 5.7, not in MariaDB
# skip_slave_start               = 1                                   # To avoid start of Slave thread
# relay_log                      = %UNAME%_%INSTANCE%_relay-bin
# relay_log_info_repository      = table                               # MySQL 5.6
# master_info_repository         = table                               # MySQL 5.6
# slave_load_tmpdir              = '%INSTANCEDIR%/tmp'


# Crash-safe replication Master

# binlog_checksum                = CRC32                               # default
# sync_binlog                    = 1                                   # default since 5.7.6, but slow!
# innodb_support_xa              = 1                                   # default, depracted since 5.7.10


# Crash-safe replication Slave

# master_info_repository         = TABLE
# relay_log_info_repository      = TABLE
# relay_log_recovery             = 1
# sync_relay_log_info            = 1
# relay_log_purge                = 1                                   # default
# slave_sql_verify_checksum      = 1                                   # default


# GTID replication

# gtid_mode                        = ON                                  # Master and Slave
# enforce_gtid_consistency         = 1                                   # Master and Slave

# log_bin                          = %INSTANCEDIR%/binlog/%UNAME%_%INSTANCE%_binlog   # In 5.6 also on Slave
# log_slave_updates                = 1                                   # In 5.6 also on Slave


# Security variables

# local_infile                   = 0                                   # If you are security aware
# secure_auth                    = 1                                   # If you are security aware
# sql_mode                       = TRADITIONAL,ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_ALL_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER   # Be careful changing this afterwards
# skip_name_resolve              = 0                                   # Set to 1 if you do not trust your DNS or experience problems
# secure_file_priv               = '%INSTANCEDIR%/tmp'                   # chmod 750, adjust AppArmor configuration: /etc/apparmor.d/local/usr.sbin.mysqld


# MyISAM variables

key_buffer_size                = 8M                                  # Set to 25 - 33 % of RAM if you still use MyISAM
myisam_recover_options         = 'BACKUP,FORCE'
# disabled_storage_engines       = 'MyISAM,MEMORY'                     # MySQL 5.7, do NOT during/before mysql_upgrade, good for Galera!


# MEMORY variables

max_heap_table_size            = 64M                                 # Should be greater or equal to tmp_table_size


# InnoDB variables

innodb_strict_mode             = ON
# innodb_file_format_check       = 1                                   # Desupported in MySQL 8.0
# innodb_file_format             = Barracuda                           # For dynamic and compressed InnoDB tables, default in 5.7
innodb_buffer_pool_size        = 128M                                # Go up to 80% of your available RAM
innodb_buffer_pool_instances   = 8                                   # Bigger if huge InnoDB Buffer Pool or high concurrency

innodb_file_per_table          = 1                                   # Is the recommended way nowadays
# innodb_flush_method            = O_DIRECT                            # O_DIRECT is sometimes better for direct attached storage
# innodb_write_io_threads        = 8                                   # If you have a strong I/O system or SSD
# innodb_read_io_threads         = 8                                   # If you have a strong I/O system or SSD
# innodb_io_capacity             = 1000                                # If you have a strong I/O system or SSD

innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2                                   # 1 for durability, 0 or 2 for performance
innodb_log_buffer_size         = 8M                                  # Bigger if innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 0
innodb_log_file_size           = 256M                                # Bigger means more write throughput but longer recovery time

                                                                     # Since MariaDB 10.0 and MySQL 5.6
innodb_monitor_enable = all                                          # Overhead < 1% according to PeterZ/Percona


# Galera specific MySQL parameter

# default_storage_engine         = InnoDB                            # Galera only works with InnoDB
# innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2                                 # Durability is achieved by committing to the Group
# innodb_autoinc_lock_mode       = 2                                 # For parallel applying
# binlog_format                  = row                               # Galera only works with RBR
# query_cache_type               = 0                                 # Use QC with Galera only in a Master/Slave set-up
# query_cache_size               = 0


# WSREP parameter

# wsrep_on                       = on                                  # Only MariaDB >= 10.1
# wsrep_provider                 = /usr/lib/galera/libgalera_smm.so    # Location of Galera Plugin on Ubuntu ?
# wsrep_provider                 = /usr/lib64/galera-3/libgalera_smm.so   # Location of Galera Plugin on CentOS 7
# wsrep_provider                 = none                                # Start mysqld without Galera
# wsrep_provider_options         = 'gcache.size = 1G'                  # Depends on you workload, WS kept for IST

# wsrep_cluster_name             = "My cool Galera Cluster"            # Same Cluster name for all nodes
# wsrep_cluster_address          = "gcomm://192.168.0.2,192.168.0.3"   # Start other nodes like this

# wsrep_node_name                = "Node A"                            # Unique node name
# wsrep_node_address             = 192.168.0.1                         # Our address where replication is done
# wsrep_node_incoming_address    = 10.0.0.1                            # Our external interface where application comes from
# wsrep_sync_wait                = 1                                   # If you need realy full-synchronous replication (Galera 3.6 and newer)
# wsrep_slave_threads            = 16                                  # 4 - 8 per core, not more than wsrep_cert_deps_distance

# wsrep_sst_method               = rsync                               # SST method (initial full sync): mysqldump, rsync, rsync_wan, xtrabackup-v2
# wsrep_sst_auth                 = sst:secret                          # Username/password for sst user
# wsrep_sst_receive_address      = 192.168.2.1                         # Our address where to receive SST


# Group Replication parameter

# default_storage_engine         = InnoDB                              # Group Replication only works with InnoDB
# server_id                      = %SERVERID%                          # Should be different on all 3 nodes
# log_bin                        = %INSTANCEDIR%/binlog/%UNAME%_%INSTANCE%_binlog   # Locate outside of datadir, adjust AppArmor configuration: /etc/apparmor.d/local/usr.sbin.mysqld
# binlog_format                  = ROW
# binlog_checksum                = NONE                                # not default!
# gtid_mode                      = ON
# enforce_gtid_consistency       = ON
# master_info_repository         = TABLE
# relay_log_info_repository      = TABLE
# log_slave_updates              = ON

# slave_parallel_workers         = <n>                                 # 1-2/core, max. 10
# slave_preserve_commit_order    = ON
# slave_parallel_type            = LOGICAL_CLOCK

# transaction_write_set_extraction            = XXHASH64

# loose-group_replication_group_name          = "$(uuidgen)"           # Must be the same on all nodes
# loose-group_replication_start_on_boot       = OFF
# loose-group_replication_local_address       = "192.168.0.1"
# loose-group_replication_group_seeds         = "192.168.0.1,192.168.0.2,192.168.0.3"   # All nodes of Cluster
# loose-group_replication_bootstrap_group     = OFF
# loose-group_replication_single_primary_mode = FALSE                  # = multi-primary

8.0配置文件，仅参考：

参考1:

[client]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
#Mysql服务的唯一编号 每个mysql服务Id需唯一
server-id = 1

#服务端口号 默认3306
port = 3306

#mysql安装根目录
basedir = /usr/local/mysql

#mysql数据文件所在位置
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data

#pid
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.pid

#设置socke文件所在目录
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

#设置临时目录
tmpdir = /tmp

# 用户
user = mysql

# 允许访问的IP网段
bind-address = 0.0.0.0

# 跳过密码登录
#skip-grant-tables

#主要用于MyISAM存储引擎,如果多台服务器连接一个数据库则建议注释下面内容
skip-external-locking

#只能用IP地址检查客户端的登录，不用主机名
skip_name_resolve = 1

#事务隔离级别，默认为可重复读，mysql默认可重复读级别（此级别下可能参数很多间隙锁，影响性能）
transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED

#数据库默认字符集,主流字符集支持一些特殊表情符号（特殊表情符占用4个字节）
character-set-server = utf8mb4

#数据库字符集对应一些排序等规则，注意要和character-set-server对应
collation-server = utf8mb4_general_ci

#设置client连接mysql时的字符集,防止乱码
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'

#是否对sql语句大小写敏感，1表示不敏感
lower_case_table_names = 1

#最大连接数
max_connections = 400

#最大错误连接数
max_connect_errors = 1000

#TIMESTAMP如果没有显示声明NOT NULL，允许NULL值
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true

#SQL数据包发送的大小，如果有BLOB对象建议修改成1G
max_allowed_packet = 128M


#MySQL连接闲置超过一定时间后(单位：秒)将会被强行关闭
#MySQL默认的wait_timeout  值为8个小时, interactive_timeout参数需要同时配置才能生效
interactive_timeout = 1800
wait_timeout = 1800

#内部内存临时表的最大值 ，设置成128M。
#比如大数据量的group by ,order by时可能用到临时表，
#超过了这个值将写入磁盘，系统IO压力增大
tmp_table_size = 134217728
max_heap_table_size = 134217728

#禁用mysql的缓存查询结果集功能
#后期根据业务情况测试决定是否开启
#大部分情况下关闭下面两项
query_cache_size = 0
query_cache_type = 0

#数据库错误日志文件
log_error = error.log

#慢查询sql日志设置
slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file = slow.log

#检查未使用到索引的sql
log_queries_not_using_indexes = 1

#针对log_queries_not_using_indexes开启后，记录慢sql的频次、每分钟记录的条数
log_throttle_queries_not_using_indexes = 5

#作为从库时生效,从库复制中如何有慢sql也将被记录
log_slow_slave_statements = 1

#慢查询执行的秒数，必须达到此值可被记录
long_query_time = 8

#检索的行数必须达到此值才可被记为慢查询
min_examined_row_limit = 100

#mysql binlog日志文件保存的过期时间，过期后自动删除
expire_logs_days = 5

参考2 

[client]

port = 3306
socket = /usr/local/lnmp/mysql-8.0.12/mysql.sock

[mysqld]

#设置mysql 8.0 的加密方式为 mysql_native_password (默认为:caching_sha2_password)
default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password

basedir = /usr/local/lnmp/mysql-8.0.12

datadir = /usr/local/lnmp/mysql-8.0.12/data
port = 3306
server_id = 1
socket = /usr/local/lnmp/mysql-8.0.12/mysql.sock

#二进制日志目录
log-bin = /usr/local/lnmp/mysql-8.0.12/mysql-bin
#自动删除过期日志的天数
expire_logs_days = 10
#限制单个文件大小
max_binlog_size = 100M

#查询日志
general_log = 1
#查询日志文件位置
general_log_file = /usr/local/lnmp/mysql-8.0.12/query.log

#慢查询日志
slow_query_log = 1
#慢日志文件位置
slow_query_log_file = /usr/local/lnmp/mysql-8.0.12/slow-query.log
#超过2秒记录
long_query_time = 2

#错误日志
log-error = /usr/local/lnmp/mysql-8.0.12/error.log

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

参考3:（实际使用）

# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
# *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the
# *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you
# *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.

[mysqld]

# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M

# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin

# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
# basedir = .....
# datadir = .....
# port = .....
# server_id = .....
# socket = .....

#服务端口号 默认3306
port = 3306
server_id = 1
# mysql安装根目录
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
# mysql数据文件所在位置
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
# pid
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid
# 设置socke文件所在目录
socket = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock

# 跳过密码登录
# skip-grant-tables

# 数据库默认字符集,主流字符集支持一些特殊表情符号（特殊表情符占用4个字节）
# character-set-server = utf8mb4
 
# 数据库字符集对应一些排序等规则，注意要和character-set-server对应
# collation-server = utf8mb4_general_ci
 
# 设置client连接mysql时的字符集,防止乱码
# init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'
 
# 是否对sql语句大小写敏感，1表示不敏感，8.0需要在初始化时候设置
# lower_case_table_names = 1

# 最大连接数
max_connections = 1000

#最大错误连接数
max_connect_errors = 1200


# wait_timeout = 1814400
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M 


# 二进制日志目录
log_bin = /usr/local/mysql/logs/mysql-bin
# 自动删除过期日志的天数
expire_logs_days = 10
# 限制单个文件大小
max_binlog_size = 100M

# 查询日志
general_log = 1
# 查询日志文件位置
general_log_file = /usr/local/mysql/logs/query.log

# 数据库错误日志文件
log_error = /usr/local/mysql/logs/error.log


# sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION

5.7之后默认没了my.cnf和my.ini，新建配置文件：

sudo vim /etc/my.cnf

:wq保存退出。 

sudo chmod 664 /etc/my.cnf

mysql的配置文件路径查找优先级为/etc/my.cnf,/etc/mysql/my.cnf,/usr/local/etc/my.cnf，通过Homebrew安装的my.cnf放在/usr/local/etc/中。

重启MySQL服务；

注意：（在Mac下测试，当前登录为user1，非root）

配置logs目录，需要添加权限，看：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_31708763/article/details/104380553

要么使用Mac的系统偏好设置里的mysql启动与重启。要么使用命令行，但是要加上sudo。

 

额外：

Mac下MySQL的安装位置查看：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_31708763/article/details/104357564

https://www.fromdual.com/download

8.1手册：https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/

5.7手册：https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html

5.6手册：https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/

https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/option-files.html