Day13 | 二叉树part01

递归法

前序遍历

class Solution {
public:
    void traversal(TreeNode* cur, vector<int>& vec) {
        if (cur == NULL) return;
        vec.push_back(cur->val);    // 中
        traversal(cur->left, vec);  // 左
        traversal(cur->right, vec); // 右
    }
    vector<int> preorderTraversal(TreeNode* root) {
        vector<int> result;
        traversal(root, result);
        return result;
    }
};

中序遍历

class Solution {
public:
    void traversal(TreeNode* cur, vector<int>& vec) {
        if (cur == NULL) return;
     
        traversal(cur->left, vec);  // 左
        vec.push_back(cur->val);    // 中
        traversal(cur->right, vec); // 右
    }
    vector<int> preorderTraversal(TreeNode* root) {
        vector<int> result;
        traversal(root, result);
        return result;
    }
};

后序遍历

class Solution {
public:
    void traversal(TreeNode* cur, vector<int>& vec) {
        if (cur == NULL) return;
        traversal(cur->left, vec);  // 左
        traversal(cur->right, vec); // 右
        vec.push_back(cur->val);    // 中
    }
    vector<int> preorderTraversal(TreeNode* root) {
        vector<int> result;
        traversal(root, result);
        return result;
    }
};

迭代法

思路：利用栈来保存数据

前序遍历

// 前序遍历顺序：中-左-右，入栈顺序：中-右-左
class Solution {
    public List<Integer> preorderTraversal(TreeNode root) {
        List<Integer> result = new ArrayList<>();
        if (root == null){
            return result;
        }
        Stack<TreeNode> stack = new Stack<>();
        stack.push(root);
        while (!stack.isEmpty()){
            TreeNode node = stack.pop();
            result.add(node.val);
            if (node.right != null){
                stack.push(node.right);
            }
            if (node.left != null){
                stack.push(node.left);
            }
        }
        return result;
    }
}

中序遍历

// 中序遍历顺序: 左-中-右 入栈顺序： 左-右
class Solution {
    public List<Integer> inorderTraversal(TreeNode root) {
        List<Integer> result = new ArrayList<>();
        if (root == null){
            return result;
        }
        Stack<TreeNode> stack = new Stack<>();
        TreeNode cur = root;
        while (cur != null || !stack.isEmpty()){
           if (cur != null){
               stack.push(cur);
               cur = cur.left;
           }else{
               cur = stack.pop();
               result.add(cur.val);
               cur = cur.right;
           }
        }
        return result;
    }
}

后序遍历

// 后序遍历顺序 左-右-中 入栈顺序：中-左-右 出栈顺序：中-右-左， 最后翻转结果
class Solution {
    public List<Integer> postorderTraversal(TreeNode root) {
        List<Integer> result = new ArrayList<>();
        if (root == null){
            return result;
        }
        Stack<TreeNode> stack = new Stack<>();
        stack.push(root);
        while (!stack.isEmpty()){
            TreeNode node = stack.pop();
            result.add(node.val);
            if (node.left != null){
                stack.push(node.left);
            }
            if (node.right != null){
                stack.push(node.right);
            }
        }
        Collections.reverse(result);
        return result;
    }
}

统一迭代法

思路：还是使用栈，但是把三种遍历的写法统一了