XML解析(Dom /DOM4J)

XML ： 可扩展标记语言，用来传输和存储数据。

DOM解析

DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance(); // 创建dom解析工厂
		DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();//获得具体的dom解析器

Document document = db.parse(new File("xml/books.xml")); // 解析xml文件 , 获得document 对象

实例：

	/**
	 * XML字符串流转对象
	 */
	public List<Books> parse(InputStream is) throws Exception {
		List<Books>  listbook=new ArrayList<Books> ();
		DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance(); // 创建dom解析工厂 
		DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
		Document document = db.parse(new File("xml/books.xml")); // 解析xml文件 , 获得document 对象
		NodeList list = document.getElementsByTagName("book"); // 获得 book节点的集合
		for (int i = 0; i < list.getLength(); i++) {
			Books book = new Books();
			Node node = list.item(i); 
			NodeList cNodeList = node.getChildNodes(); // 获得 当前book下的所有节点
			for (int j = 0; j < cNodeList.getLength(); j++) { // 遍历当前book下的所有节点
				Node cnode = cNodeList.item(j); 
				if (cnode.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) { // 为元素节点的时候
					String content = cnode.getFirstChild().getTextContent(); // 获取当前节点的文本内容
					if (cnode.getNodeName().equals("id")) {
						book.setId(Integer.parseInt(content));
					} else if (cnode.getNodeName().equals("name")) {
						book.setName(content);
					} else if (cnode.getNodeName().equals("price")) {
						book.setPrice(Double.parseDouble(content));
					}
				}
			}
			listbook.add(book);
		}
		return listbook;
	}

	@Override
	/**
	 * 对象转xml字符串
	 */
	public String serialize(List<Books> books) throws Exception {
		DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance(); // 创建dom解析工厂
		DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();//获得具体的dom解析器
		Document doc=db.newDocument();
		Element rootElement = doc.createElement("books"); //创建books节点
		
		for(Books blist :books){
			Element bookElement = doc.createElement("book");  //创建book节点
			bookElement.setAttribute("id", blist.getId() + "");			//创建属性节点
			
			Element idElement = doc.createElement("id");
			idElement.setTextContent(String.valueOf(blist.getId()));		//转为字符串
			bookElement.appendChild(idElement);
			
			Element nameElement = doc.createElement("name");  //创建name节点
			nameElement.setTextContent(blist.getName());			//设置name节点的文本内容
			bookElement.appendChild(nameElement);		//把name节点添加到book节点中

			Element priceElement = doc.createElement("price");  
			priceElement.setTextContent(blist.getPrice()+"");			
			bookElement.appendChild(priceElement);		
			
			rootElement.appendChild(bookElement);
		}
		doc.appendChild(rootElement);
		
		TransformerFactory transFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();// 取得TransformerFactory实例
		Transformer transformer = transFactory.newTransformer(); // 从transFactory获取Transformer实例
		transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING, "UTF-8"); // 设置输出采用的编码方式
		StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();
		Result result = new StreamResult(writer);// 表明目标结果为writer
		Source source = new DOMSource(doc); // 表明文档来源是doc
		transformer.transform(source, result);

		return writer.toString();
	}

DOM4J解析

DOM4J需要下载jar包---网站：https://dom4j.github.io/  

实例：

	/**
	 * XML解析成java对象
	 */
	public List<Book> xml_java() throws ParserConfigurationException, SAXException, IOException {
		List<Book> booklist = new ArrayList<>();
		DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance(); // 创建dom解析工厂 
		DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
		Document document = db.parse(new File("xml/book.xml")); // 解析xml文件 , 获得document 对象
		NodeList list = document.getElementsByTagName("book"); // 获得 book节点的集合
		for (int i = 0; i < list.getLength(); i++) {
			Book book = new Book();
			Node node = list.item(i); 
			NodeList cNodeList = node.getChildNodes(); // 获得 当前book下的所有节点
			for (int j = 0; j < cNodeList.getLength(); j++) { // 遍历当前book下的所有节点
				Node cnode = cNodeList.item(j); //
				if (cnode.getNodeType() == cnode.ELEMENT_NODE) { // 为元素节点的时候
					String content = cnode.getFirstChild().getTextContent(); // 获取当前节点的文本内容
					if (cnode.getNodeName().equals("id")) {
						book.setId(Integer.parseInt(content));
					} else if (cnode.getNodeName().equals("name")) {
						book.setName(content);
					} else if (cnode.getNodeName().equals("price")) {
						book.setPrice(Double.parseDouble(content));
					}
				}
			}
			booklist.add(book);
		}
		return booklist;
	}

	/**
	 * java对象转XML文件
	 */
	public String  java_xml(List<Book> book) throws ParserConfigurationException, TransformerException{
		DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance(); // 创建dom解析工厂
		DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();//获得具体的dom解析器
		Document doc=db.newDocument();
		Element rootElement = doc.createElement("books"); //创建books节点
		for(Book blist :book){
			Element bookElement = doc.createElement("book");  //创建book节点
			bookElement.setAttribute("id", blist.getId() + "");			//创建属性节点
			
			Element idElement = doc.createElement("id");
			idElement.setTextContent(String.valueOf(blist.getId()));		//转为字符串
			bookElement.appendChild(idElement);
			
			Element nameElement = doc.createElement("name");  //创建name节点
			nameElement.setTextContent(blist.getName());			//设置name节点的文本内容
			bookElement.appendChild(nameElement);		//把name节点添加到book节点中

			Element priceElement = doc.createElement("price");  
			priceElement.setTextContent(blist.getPrice()+"");			
			bookElement.appendChild(priceElement);		
			
			rootElement.appendChild(bookElement);
		}
		doc.appendChild(rootElement);
		
		TransformerFactory transFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();// 取得TransformerFactory实例
		Transformer transformer = transFactory.newTransformer(); // 从transFactory获取Transformer实例
		transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING, "UTF-8"); // 设置输出采用的编码方式
		
		StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();
		Result result = new StreamResult(writer);// 表明目标结果为writer

		Source source = new DOMSource(doc); // 表明文档来源是doc
		transformer.transform(source, result);

		return writer.toString();
	}