如何比较两个对象的字段，并记录下来？

如何比较两个对象的字段，并记录下来？

思路

• 首先可以通过反射的手段获取field信息获取value进行比较

上代码

• 首先定义一个注解用来标识哪些字段需要比较，这样灵活性比较强。

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target({ElementType.FIELD,ElementType.TYPE_PARAMETER})
public @interface Label {

    String value() default "";

}

• 创建一个存储结果的对象

public class ComparisonResult {
    /**
     * 字段属性名
     */
    private String key;
    /**
     * 字段注释名称
     */
    private String label;
    /**
     * 新值
     */
    private String previous;
    /**
     * 历史值
     */
    private String later;

    public String getKey() {
        return key;
    }

    public void setKey(String key) {
        this.key = key;
    }

    public String getLabel() {
        return label;
    }

    public void setLabel(String label) {
        this.label = label;
    }

    public String getPrevious() {
        return previous;
    }

    public void setPrevious(String previous) {
        this.previous = previous;
    }

    public String getLater() {
        return later;
    }

    public void setLater(String later) {
        this.later = later;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "ComparisonResult{" +
                "key='" + key + '\'' +
                ", label='" + label + '\'' +
                ", previous='" + previous + '\'' +
                ", later='" + later + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

• 定义一个比较的工具类

import com.alibaba.demo.annotation.Label;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.math.RoundingMode;
import java.time.LocalDate;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.time.ZoneId;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
import java.util.*;

/**
 * 比较两个对象的字段是否相等
 * 并记录值
 */
public class ComparisonObjectUtil {


    /**
     * 比较两个对象的属性并记录对比值
     * @param newObj 新对象
     * @param oldObj 旧对象
     * @param clazz class
     * @return
     */
    public static List<ComparisonResult> compareObj(Object newObj, Object oldObj, Class<?> clazz){
        List<ComparisonResult> comparisonResults = new ArrayList<>();
        try {
            //如果传进来的object为空，为其初始化一下，防止null
            if (Objects.isNull(newObj)){
                newObj = clazz.newInstance();
            }
            if (Objects.isNull(oldObj)){
                oldObj = clazz.newInstance();
            }
            //判断两个对象是否是统一类型
            if (newObj.getClass() == oldObj.getClass()){
                Map<String, Field> map = getAnnotationDesc(clazz);
                for (Map.Entry<String,Field> entry : map.entrySet()) {
                    String desc = entry.getKey();//字段描述
                    Field field = entry.getValue();//字段对象
                    field.setAccessible(true);
                    Object newValue = field.get(newObj);//获取字段值
                    Object oldValue = field.get(oldObj);
                    //都为空直接跳过，没有可比对性
                    if (Objects.isNull(newValue) && Objects.isNull(oldValue)){
                        continue;
                    }
                    //创建存放结果对象,添加到List
                    ComparisonResult comparisonResult = new ComparisonResult();
                    comparisonResult.setKey(field.getName());//字段名称
                    comparisonResult.setLabel(desc);//字段描述
                    //新值为空情况下
                    if (newValue == null){
                        comparisonResult.setPrevious(null);
                        comparisonResult.setLater(objToString(oldValue));
                        comparisonResults.add(comparisonResult);
                        //旧值为空情况下
                    }else if (oldValue == null){
                        comparisonResult.setPrevious(objToString(newValue));
                        comparisonResult.setLater(null);
                        comparisonResults.add(comparisonResult);
                        //都不为空时
                    }else if (!newValue.equals(oldValue)){
                        comparisonResult.setPrevious(objToString(newValue));
                        comparisonResult.setLater(objToString(oldValue));
                        comparisonResults.add(comparisonResult);
                    }
                }
            }
        } catch(Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return comparisonResults;
    }

    /**
     * 将比较出来的值转成String类型
     * @param obj 转换对象
     * @return 字符串值
     */
    public static String objToString(Object obj){
        if (obj instanceof Byte || obj instanceof Short || obj instanceof Integer
                || obj instanceof Long || obj instanceof Boolean || obj instanceof Character
                || obj instanceof Float ||obj instanceof Double || obj instanceof List || obj instanceof Map){
            return obj.toString();
        }else if (obj instanceof Date){
            return LocalDateTime.ofInstant(((Date)obj).toInstant(), ZoneId.systemDefault()).format(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:dd"));
        }else if (obj instanceof LocalDateTime){
            return ((LocalDateTime)obj).format(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:dd"));
        }else if (obj instanceof LocalDate) {
            return ((LocalDate)obj).format(DateTimeFormatter.ISO_LOCAL_DATE);
        }else if (obj instanceof BigDecimal){
            return ((BigDecimal)obj).setScale(2, RoundingMode.HALF_UP).toString();
        }else if (obj instanceof String){
            return (String) obj;
        }
        return "";
    }


    /**
     * 获取对象的属性上有@Label注解的属性，通过LinkedHashMap存取，是为了保证按照字段的顺序,key:字段描述信息，value：Field对象
     * @param clazz Class对象
     * @return Map集合
     */
    public static Map<String,Field> getAnnotationDesc(Class<?> clazz){
        Map<String, Field> fieldMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
        Field[] fields = clazz.getDeclaredFields();
        for (Field field : fields) {
            Label labelAno = field.getAnnotation(Label.class);
            if (Objects.nonNull(labelAno)){
                fieldMap.put(labelAno.value(),field);
            }
        }
        return fieldMap;
    }
}

• 测试

public static void main(String[] args) {
        Date now = new Date();
        Person p1 = new Person(1L,"张三丰",now,BigDecimal.valueOf(10000.00));
        Person p2 = new Person(2L,"张三丰",now,BigDecimal.valueOf(1000.996));
        List<ComparisonResult> comparisonResults = compareObj(p1, p2, Person.class);
        System.out.println(comparisonResults);
    }

输出结果：

[ComparisonResult{key='id', label='id', previous='1', later='2'}, ComparisonResult{key='money', label='余额', previous='10000.00', later='1001.00'}]