【多线程】哲学家就餐死锁问题

1.死锁代码示例

package com.learning.lock;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;

/**
 * @Author wangyouhui
 * @Description 哲学家就餐问题
 **/
public class PhilosopherDiningProblem {

}

/**
 * 哲学家类
 */
@Slf4j
@AllArgsConstructor
class Philosopher extends Thread{
    private String name;
    private ChopStick left;
    private ChopStick right;

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while(true){
            synchronized (this.left){
                synchronized (this.right){
                    this.eat();
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private void eat() {
        log.info("{}用筷子{}和筷子{}吃了饭", this.name, this.left.getName(), this.right.getName());
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 5支筷子
        ChopStick chopStick1 = new ChopStick("1");
        ChopStick chopStick2 = new ChopStick("2");
        ChopStick chopStick3 = new ChopStick("3");
        ChopStick chopStick4 = new ChopStick("4");
        ChopStick chopStick5 = new ChopStick("5");

        // 5个哲学家
        Philosopher philosopher1 = new Philosopher("阿基米德", chopStick1, chopStick2);
        Philosopher philosopher2 = new Philosopher("亚里士多德", chopStick2, chopStick3);
        Philosopher philosopher3 = new Philosopher("苏格拉底", chopStick3, chopStick4);
        Philosopher philosopher4 = new Philosopher("柏拉图", chopStick4, chopStick5);
        Philosopher philosopher5 = new Philosopher("赫拉克利特", chopStick5, chopStick1);

        philosopher1.start();
        philosopher2.start();
        philosopher3.start();
        philosopher4.start();
        philosopher5.start();
    }
}

/**
 * 筷子类
 */
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
class ChopStick{
    private String name;
}

2.ReentrantLock处理代码示例

package com.learning.lock;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;

import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

/**
 * @Author wangyouhui
 * @Description 哲学家就餐问题
 **/
public class PhilosopherDiningProblem {

}

/**
 * 哲学家类
 */
@Slf4j
@AllArgsConstructor
class Philosopher extends Thread{
    private String name;
    private ChopStick left;
    private ChopStick right;

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while(true){
            if(this.left.tryLock()){
                try {
                    if (this.right.tryLock()) {
                        try {
                            this.eat();
                        } finally {
                            this.right.unlock();
                        }
                    }
                }finally {
                    this.left.unlock();
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private void eat() {
        log.info("{}用筷子{}和筷子{}吃了饭", this.name, this.left.getName(), this.right.getName());
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 5支筷子
        ChopStick chopStick1 = new ChopStick("1");
        ChopStick chopStick2 = new ChopStick("2");
        ChopStick chopStick3 = new ChopStick("3");
        ChopStick chopStick4 = new ChopStick("4");
        ChopStick chopStick5 = new ChopStick("5");

        // 5个哲学家
        Philosopher philosopher1 = new Philosopher("阿基米德", chopStick1, chopStick2);
        Philosopher philosopher2 = new Philosopher("亚里士多德", chopStick2, chopStick3);
        Philosopher philosopher3 = new Philosopher("苏格拉底", chopStick3, chopStick4);
        Philosopher philosopher4 = new Philosopher("柏拉图", chopStick4, chopStick5);
        Philosopher philosopher5 = new Philosopher("赫拉克利特", chopStick5, chopStick1);

        philosopher1.start();
        philosopher2.start();
        philosopher3.start();
        philosopher4.start();
        philosopher5.start();
    }
}

/**
 * 筷子类
 */
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
class ChopStick extends ReentrantLock {
    private String name;
}