CentOS7、CentOS6添加永久静态路由
本人在实际工作中经常需要添加永久静态路由,故整理此文。我这里只列举最快捷有效的添加方法,其他方法大家可自行查找,本文不再赘述。
假设我这台机器有三块儿网卡,ip192.168.102.30配置在网卡eth0上,掩码是255.255.255.0,网关是192.168.102.1,需要与192.168.100.0段内所有服务器通信,以下是路由设置方法。
1. CentOS7添加永久静态路由方法
输入ip route show | column -t查看当前路由表:
[root@test ~]# ip route show | column -t
192.168.102.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.102.107 metric 100
[root@test ~]#
输入命令ip addr查看所需经过的网卡的名称:
[root@test ~]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_Ift forever preferred_Ift forever
inet6 ::1/128 scop host
valid_Ift forever prefeered_Ift forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:13:dd:a2:08:00 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.102.30/24 brd 192.168.102.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0
valid_Ift forever preferred_Ift forever
inet6 ed20::21c:5dff:fe64:3000/64 scop link
valid_Ift forever prefeered_Ift forever
3: eth1: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:13:dd:a2:08:01 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: eth2: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:13:dd:a2:08:02 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
[root@test ~]#
从以上回显中可以得知所需经过的网卡名为eth0,然后我们用vi编辑器在以下路径创建文件route-eth0并编辑:
[root@test ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/route-eth0
在route-eth0文件中添加以下行:192.168.100.0/24 via 192.168.102.1 dev eth0
其中,192.168.100.0/24是目标网段及掩码,192.168.102.10是网关,dev eth0是途径设备。
192.168.100.0/24 via 192.168.102.1 dev eth0
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
"/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/route-eth0" 3L, 89C
添加完成后按Esc退出编辑,输入“:wq”,敲击回车保存并退出:
192.168.100.0/24 via 192.168.102.1 dev eth0
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
:wq
随后输入service network restart重启网络服务:
[root@test ~]# service network restart
Restarting network (via systemctl): [ ok ]
[root@test ~]#
ping一下目标网段的机器,看看通不通,按Ctrl+C中断:
[root@test ~]# ping 192.168.100.226
PING 192.168.100.226 (192.168.100.226) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.100.226: icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=1.33 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.100.226: icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=1.34 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.100.226: icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=1.56 ms
^C
--- 192.168.100.226 ping statistics ---
3packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2002ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.339/1.417/1.565/0.104 ms
[root@test ~]#
输入ip route show | column -t查看路由表中是否有刚才添加的路由:
[root@test ~]# ip route show | column -t
192.168.100.0/24 via 192.168.102.1 dev eth0 proto static metric 100
192.168.102.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.102.30 metric 100
[root@test ~]#
至此,CentOS7操作系统下永久静态路由设置完成。
2. CentOS6添加永久静态路由方法
CentOS6要比CentOS7简单粗暴的多。
输入route -n查看当前路由表:
[root@test2 ~]# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
0.0.0.0 192.168.102.1 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0
[root@test2 ~]#
输入命令ifconfig查看所需经过的网卡的名称:
[root@test2 ~]# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:13:DD:A2:08:00
inet addr:192.168.102.30 Bcast:192.168.102.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: ed20::21c:5dff:fe64::3000/64 Scope:Global
inet6 addr: fe80::215:5d66::1100/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:32609036 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
TX packets:83149 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:3808450527 (3.5 GiB) TX bytes:5266402 (5.0 MiB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:346915 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:346915 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:24878697 (23.7 MiB) TX bytes:24878697 (23.7 MiB)
[root@test2 ~]#
从以上回显中可以得知所需经过的网卡名为eth0,然后我们用vi编辑器在以下路径创建文件static-routes并编辑:
[root@test2 ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/static-routes
在static-routes文件中添加以下行:any net 192.168.100.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.102.1
其中,192.168.100.0是目标网段,netmask是子网掩码,192.168.102.1是途径网关。
any net 192.168.100.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.102.1
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"/etc/sysconfig/static-routes" 3L, 189C
添加完成后按Esc退出编辑,输入“:wq”,敲击回车保存并退出:
192.168.100.0/24 via 192.168.102.1 dev eth0
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
:wq
随后输入service network restart重启网络服务:
[root@test2 ~]# service network restart
Shutting down interface eth0: [ ok ]
Shutting down loopback interface: [ ok ]
Bringing up loopback interface: [ ok ]
Shutting down interface eth0: Determining if ip address 192.168.102.30 is already in use for device eth0...
[ ok ]
[root@test2 ~]#
ping一下目标网段的机器,看看通不通,按Ctrl+C中断:
[root@test2 ~]# ping 192.168.100.226
PING 192.168.100.226 (192.168.100.226) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.100.226: icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=1.81 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.100.226: icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=1.24 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.100.226: icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=1.89 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.100.226: icmp_seq=4 ttl=255 time=1.21 ms
^C
--- 192.168.100.226 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3272ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.213/1.542/1.897/0.318 ms
[root@test2 ~]#
输入route -n查看路由表,看看刚才添加的路由是否存在:
[root@test2 ~]# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
192.168.100.0 192.168.102.1 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0
0.0.0.0 192.168.102.1 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0
[root@test2 ~]#
至此,CentOS6操作系统下永久静态路由设置完成。
本文到此结束。