设计模式（二）观察者模式

责任链模式

1. 为请求创建了一个接收者对象的链。这种模式给予请求的类型，对请求的发送者和接收者进行解耦。这种类型的设计模式属于行为型模式。
   在这种模式中，通常每个接收者都包含对另一个接收者的引用。如果一个对象不能处理该请求，那么它会把相同的请求传给下一个接收者，依此类推。
2. 就是用来处理相关事务责任的一条执行链，执行链上有多个节点，每个节点都有机会（条件匹配）处理请求事务，如果某个节点处理完了就可以根据实际业务需求传递给下一个节点继续处理或者返回处理完毕。
3. 避免请求发送者与接收者耦合在一起，让多个对象都有可能接收请求，将这些对象连接成一条链，并且沿着这条链传递请求，直到有对象处理它为止。

简单的观察者模式的代码如下：

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Msg msg = new Msg();
        msg.setMsg("大家好:)，<script>，欢迎访问 baidu.com ，大家都是996 ");

        FilterChain fc = new FilterChain();
        fc.add(new HTMLFilter())
                .add(new SensitiveFilter());

        FilterChain fc2 = new FilterChain();
        fc2.add(new FaceFilter()).add(new URLFilter());

        fc.add(fc2);

        fc.doFilter(msg);
        System.out.println(msg);

    }
}

class Msg {
    String name;
    String msg;

    public String getMsg() {
        return msg;
    }

    public void setMsg(String msg) {
        this.msg = msg;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Msg{" +
                "msg='" + msg + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

interface Filter {
    boolean doFilter(Msg m);
}

class HTMLFilter implements Filter {
    @Override
    public boolean doFilter(Msg m) {
        String r = m.getMsg();
        r = r.replace('<', '[');
        r = r.replace('>', ']');
        m.setMsg(r);
        return true;
    }
}

class SensitiveFilter implements Filter {
    @Override
    public boolean doFilter(Msg m) {
        String r = m.getMsg();
        r = r.replaceAll("996", "955");
        m.setMsg(r);
        return false;
    }
}

class FaceFilter implements Filter {
    @Override
    public boolean doFilter(Msg m) {
        String r = m.getMsg();
        r = r.replace(":)", "^V^");
        m.setMsg(r);
        return true;
    }
}

class URLFilter implements Filter {
    @Override
    public boolean doFilter(Msg m) {
        String r = m.getMsg();
        r = r.replace("mashibing.com", "http://www.mashibing.com");
        m.setMsg(r);
        return true;
    }
}

class FilterChain implements Filter {
    private List<Filter> filters = new ArrayList<>();

    public FilterChain add(Filter f) {
        filters.add(f);
        return this;
    }

    public boolean doFilter(Msg m) {
        for(Filter f : filters) {
            if(!f.doFilter(m)) return false;
        }

        return true;
    }
}

责任链模式的经典案例，在servletAPI种，JDK有一套filter接口的规范（Tomcat等实现了这套API），要求必须从request对象先过滤，顺序如filter1，filter2，filter3，中间进入controller层处理完请求后，返回response对象。过滤response对象，顺序，filter3，filter2，filter1；模范其原理的代码如下：

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class Servlet_Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Request request = new Request();
        request.str = "大家好:)，<script>，欢迎访问 baidu.com ，大家都是996 ";
        Response response = new Response();
        response.str = "response";

        FilterChain chain = new FilterChain();
        chain.add(new HTMLFilter()).add(new SensitiveFilter());
        chain.doFilter(request, response);
        System.out.println(request.str);
        System.out.println(response.str);

    }
}

interface Filter {
    void doFilter(Request request, Response response, FilterChain chain);
}

class HTMLFilter implements Filter {
    @Override
    public void doFilter(Request request, Response response, FilterChain chain) {
        request.str = request.str.replaceAll("<", "[").replaceAll(">", "]") + "HTMLFilter()";
        chain.doFilter(request, response);
        response.str += "--HTMLFilter()";

    }
}

class Request {
    String str;
}

class Response {
    String str;
}

class SensitiveFilter implements Filter {
    @Override
    public void doFilter(Request request, Response response, FilterChain chain) {
				//处理request对象
	      request.str = request.str.replaceAll("996", "955") + " SensitiveFilter()";
    	  //递归开始调用，chain对象
        chain.doFilter(request, response);
      	//处理完request对象后，处理response对象
        response.str += "--SensitiveFilter()";

    }
}


class FilterChain {
    List<Filter> filters = new ArrayList<>();
    int index = 0;

    public FilterChain add(Filter f) {
        filters.add(f);
        return this;
    }

    public void doFilter(Request request, Response response) {
        if(index == filters.size()) return;
        Filter f = filters.get(index);
        index ++;

        f.doFilter(request, response, this);
    }
}