Java-异步 I/O (AIO)

AIO

NIO2.0引入了新的异步通道概念，并提供了异步文件通道和异步套接字通道的实现。异步通道提供两种方式获取操作结果. 通过java.util.concurrent.Future类來表示异步操作的结果； 在执行异步操作的时候传入一个java.nio.channels。

CompletionHandler接口的实现类作为操作完成的回调。

NIO2.0的异步套接字通道是真正的异步非阻塞I/O,它对应UNIX网络编程中的事件驱动I/O (AIO),它不需要通过多路复用器(Selector)对注册的通道进行轮询操作即可实现异步读写， 从而简化了 NIO的编程模型。

aio服务端代码

public class TimeServerAio {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        int port = 8080;
        if (args != null && args.length > 0) {
            try {
                port = Integer.valueOf(args[0]);
            } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
                // 采用默认值
            }
        }
        //创建异步的时间服务器处理类
        AsyncTimeServerHandler timeServer = new AsyncTimeServerHandler(port);
        new Thread(timeServer, "AIO-AsyncTimeServerHandler-001").start();
    }
}

public class AsyncTimeServerHandler implements Runnable{
    private int port;

    CountDownLatch latch;
    AsynchronousServerSocketChannel asynchronousServerSocketChannel;

    /**
     * 创建一个异步的服务端通道AsynchronousServerSocketChannel， 然后调H］它的
     * bind h'法绑定监听端口， 如果端口合法且没被占用， 绑定成功， 打印启动成功提示到控
     * 制台
     *
     * @param port port
     */
    public AsyncTimeServerHandler(int port) {
        this.port = port;
        try {
            asynchronousServerSocketChannel = AsynchronousServerSocketChannel
                    .open();
            asynchronousServerSocketChannel.bind(new InetSocketAddress(port));
            System.out.println("The time server is start in port : " + port);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {

        //初始化CountDownLatch对象， 它的作用是在完成一组正在执行的操作之前， 允许当前的线程一直阻塞.在本例程中， 我们让线程在此阻塞,
        //防止服务端执行完成退出。 在实际项目应用中， 不需要启动独立的线程來处理
        //AsynchronousServerSocketChannel
        latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
        doAccept();
        try {
            latch.await();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public void doAccept() {
        //接收客户端的选接
        asynchronousServerSocketChannel.accept(this,
                new AcceptCompletionHandler());
    }
}

public class AcceptCompletionHandler implements CompletionHandler<AsynchronousSocketChannel, AsyncTimeServerHandler> {
    @Override
    public void completed(AsynchronousSocketChannel result, AsyncTimeServerHandler attachment) {
        attachment.asynchronousServerSocketChannel.accept(attachment, this);
        ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
        result.read(buffer, buffer, new ReadCompletionHandler(result));
    }

    @Override
    public void failed(Throwable exc, AsyncTimeServerHandler attachment) {
        exc.printStackTrace();
        attachment.latch.countDown();
    }
}

public class ReadCompletionHandler implements CompletionHandler<Integer, ByteBuffer> {
    private AsynchronousSocketChannel channel;

    public ReadCompletionHandler(AsynchronousSocketChannel channel) {
        if (this.channel == null) {
            this.channel = channel;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void completed(Integer result, ByteBuffer attachment) {
        attachment.flip();
        byte[] body = new byte[attachment.remaining()];
        attachment.get(body);
        try {
            String req = new String(body, "UTF-8");
            System.out.println("The time server receive order : " + req);
            String currentTime = "QUERY TIME ORDER".equalsIgnoreCase(req) ? new java.util.Date(
                    System.currentTimeMillis()).toString() : "BAD ORDER";
            doWrite(currentTime);
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    private void doWrite(String currentTime) {
        if (currentTime != null && currentTime.trim().length() > 0) {
            byte[] bytes = (currentTime).getBytes();
            ByteBuffer writeBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(bytes.length);
            writeBuffer.put(bytes);
            writeBuffer.flip();
            channel.write(writeBuffer, writeBuffer, new CompletionHandler<Integer, ByteBuffer>() {
                @Override
                public void completed(Integer result, ByteBuffer buffer) {
                    // 如果没有发送完成，继续发送
                    if (buffer.hasRemaining()) {
                        channel.write(buffer, buffer, this);
                    }
                }

                @Override
                public void failed(Throwable exc, ByteBuffer attachment) {
                    try {
                        channel.close();
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        // ingnore on close
                    }
                }
            });
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void failed(Throwable exc, ByteBuffer attachment) {
        try {
            this.channel.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

aio客户端代码

public class TimeClientAio {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int port = 8080;
        if (args != null && args.length > 0) {
            try {
                port = Integer.valueOf(args[0]);
            } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
                // 采用默认值
            }

        }
        new Thread(new AsyncTimeClientHandler("127.0.0.1", port),
                "AIO-AsyncTimeClientHandler-001").start();

    }

}


public class AsyncTimeClientHandler implements CompletionHandler<Void, AsyncTimeClientHandler>, Runnable{

    private AsynchronousSocketChannel client;
    private String host;
    private int port;
    private CountDownLatch latch;

    public AsyncTimeClientHandler(String host, int port) {
        this.host = host;
        this.port = port;
        try {
            client = AsynchronousSocketChannel.open();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {

        latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
        client.connect(new InetSocketAddress(host, port), this, this);
        try {
            latch.await();
        } catch (InterruptedException e1) {
            e1.printStackTrace();
        }
        try {
            client.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void completed(Void result, AsyncTimeClientHandler attachment) {
        byte[] req = "QUERY TIME ORDER".getBytes();
        ByteBuffer writeBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(req.length);
        writeBuffer.put(req);
        writeBuffer.flip();
        client.write(writeBuffer, writeBuffer,
                new CompletionHandler<Integer, ByteBuffer>() {
                    @Override
                    public void completed(Integer result, ByteBuffer buffer) {
                        if (buffer.hasRemaining()) {
                            client.write(buffer, buffer, this);
                        } else {
                            ByteBuffer readBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
                            client.read(
                                    readBuffer,
                                    readBuffer,
                                    new CompletionHandler<Integer, ByteBuffer>() {
                                        @Override
                                        public void completed(Integer result,
                                                              ByteBuffer buffer) {
                                            buffer.flip();
                                            byte[] bytes = new byte[buffer
                                                    .remaining()];
                                            buffer.get(bytes);
                                            String body;
                                            try {
                                                body = new String(bytes,
                                                        "UTF-8");
                                                System.out.println("Now is : "
                                                                   + body);
                                                latch.countDown();
                                            } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
                                                e.printStackTrace();
                                            }
                                        }

                                        @Override
                                        public void failed(Throwable exc,
                                                           ByteBuffer attachment) {
                                            try {
                                                client.close();
                                                latch.countDown();
                                            } catch (IOException e) {
                                                // ingnore on close
                                            }
                                        }
                                    });
                        }
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void failed(Throwable exc, ByteBuffer attachment) {
                        try {
                            client.close();
                            latch.countDown();
                        } catch (IOException e) {
                            // ingnore on close
                        }
                    }
                });
    }

    @Override
    public void failed(Throwable exc, AsyncTimeClientHandler attachment) {
        exc.printStackTrace();
        try {
            client.close();
            latch.countDown();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

异步Socket Channel是被动执行对象， 我们不需要像 NIO编程那样创建一个独立的 I/O线程来处理读写操作。 对于AsynchronousServerSocketChannel和AsynchronousSocketChannel,它们都由JDK底层的线程池负责回调并驱动读写 操作

 

4中IO模型功能和特性对比