lsattr与chattr

linux系统对普通许可和文件都赋予特定属性，使用lsattr命令显示文件属性，使用chattr修改文件属性；

lattr

ATTRIBUTES
       A  file  with the 'a' attribute set can only be open in append mode for writing.  Only the superuser or a process possessing the CAP_LINUX_IMMUTABLE capability can set or clear
       this attribute.

在文件中添加、删除a属性。即只可以添加文件内容，但即使是超级用户也不能删除文件；

  A file with the 'i' attribute cannot be modified: it cannot be deleted or renamed, no link can be created to this file and no data can be written to the file.  Only  the  superuser or a process possessing the CAP_LINUX_IMMUTABLE capability can set or clear this attribute.

在文件中添加/删除i属性，任何人均不可以删除，修改，重命名，连接到这个文件，除非超级用户或者执行CAP_LINUX_IMMUTABLE 能力，改变这个属性；