使用kubeadm安装kubernetes并运行

最新推荐文章于 2023-03-10 18:37:17 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-03-10 18:37:17 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_32523587/article/details/85064079

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安装：kubelet kubeadm kubectl

$ apt-get update && apt-get install -y apt-transport-https
  curl https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | apt-key add - 
  cat <<EOF >/etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list
  deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/ kubernetes-xenial main
  EOF  
  apt-get update
  apt-get install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl

默认下载镜像地址在国外无法访问，先从国内获取所需镜像

vim k8s.sh

K8S_VERSION=v1.12.2
ETCD_VERSION=3.2.24
DASHBOARD_VERSION=v1.8.3
FLANNEL_VERSION=v0.10.0
DNS_VERSION=1.2.2
PAUSE_VERSION=3.1
ALI_URL=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers
DASHBOARD_VERSION=v1.8.3
#基本组件
docker pull $ALI_URL/kube-proxy-amd64:$K8S_VERSION
docker tag $ALI_URL/kube-proxy-amd64:$K8S_VERSION k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:$K8S_VERSION
docker rmi $ALI_URL/kube-proxy-amd64:$K8S_VERSION

docker pull $ALI_URL/kube-scheduler-amd64:$K8S_VERSION
docker tag $ALI_URL/kube-scheduler-amd64:$K8S_VERSION k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler:$K8S_VERSION
docker rmi $ALI_URL/kube-scheduler-amd64:$K8S_VERSION

docker pull $ALI_URL/kube-controller-manager-amd64:$K8S_VERSION
docker tag $ALI_URL/kube-controller-manager-amd64:$K8S_VERSION k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager:$K8S_VERSION
docker rmi $ALI_URL/kube-controller-manager-amd64:$K8S_VERSION

docker pull $ALI_URL/kube-apiserver-amd64:$K8S_VERSION
docker tag $ALI_URL/kube-apiserver-amd64:$K8S_VERSION k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver:$K8S_VERSION
docker rmi $ALI_URL/kube-apiserver-amd64:$K8S_VERSION

docker pull $ALI_URL/etcd-amd64:$ETCD_VERSION
docker tag $ALI_URL/etcd-amd64:$ETCD_VERSION k8s.gcr.io/etcd:$ETCD_VERSION
docker rmi $ALI_URL/etcd-amd64:$ETCD_VERSION

docker pull $ALI_URL/pause-amd64:$PAUSE_VERSION
docker tag $ALI_URL/pause-amd64:$PAUSE_VERSION k8s.gcr.io/pause:$PAUSE_VERSION
docker rmi $ALI_URL/pause-amd64:$PAUSE_VERSION

docker pull $ALI_URL/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:$DASHBOARD_VERSION
docker tag $ALI_URL/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:$DASHBOARD_VERSION k8s.gcr.io/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:$DASHBOARD_VERSION
docker rmi $ALI_URL/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:$DASHBOARD_VERSION

docker pull $ALI_URL/coredns:$DNS_VERSION
docker tag $ALI_URL/coredns:$DNS_VERSION k8s.gcr.io/coredns:$DNS_VERSION
docker rmi $ALI_URL/coredns:$DNS_VERSION

#网路组件
docker pull quay.io/coreos/flannel:$FLANNEL_VERSION

$ chmod +x k8s.sh

$ ./k8s.sh

master节点:

$ vim /etc/systemd/system/kubelet.service.d/10-kubeadm.conf

添加如下内容

Environment="KUBELET_CGROUP_ARGS=--cgroup-driver=cgroupfs"

$ kubeadm init --kubernetes-version=v1.12.2 --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 --apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.9.13 (--ignore-preflight-errors=all)

成功以后，

$ mkdir -p $HOME/.kube

$ sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config

$ sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

#查看节点

$ kubectl get node

#安装Pod网络插件flannel

$ kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/v0.10.0/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml

(有时该文件不可用，则用下面的kube-flannel.yml文件)

---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
metadata:
  name: flannel
rules:
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - pods
    verbs:
      - get
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - nodes
    verbs:
      - list
      - watch
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - nodes/status
    verbs:
      - patch
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
metadata:
  name: flannel
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: flannel
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: flannel
  namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: flannel
  namespace: kube-system
---
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: kube-flannel-cfg
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    tier: node
    app: flannel
data:
  cni-conf.json: |
    {
      "name": "cbr0",
      "plugins": [
        {
          "type": "flannel",
          "delegate": {
            "hairpinMode": true,
            "isDefaultGateway": true
          }
        },
        {
          "type": "portmap",
          "capabilities": {
            "portMappings": true
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  net-conf.json: |
    {
      "Network": "10.244.0.0/16",
      "Backend": {
        "Type": "vxlan"
      }
    }
---
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: kube-flannel-ds-amd64
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    tier: node
    app: flannel
spec:
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        tier: node
        app: flannel
    spec:
      hostNetwork: true
      nodeSelector:
        beta.kubernetes.io/arch: amd64
      tolerations:
      - operator: Exists
        effect: NoSchedule
      serviceAccountName: flannel
      initContainers:
      - name: install-cni
        image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.10.0-amd64
        command:
        - cp
        args:
        - -f
        - /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json
        - /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
        volumeMounts:
        - name: cni
          mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d
        - name: flannel-cfg
          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
      containers:
      - name: kube-flannel
        image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.10.0-amd64
        command:
        - /opt/bin/flanneld
        args:
        - --ip-masq
        - --kube-subnet-mgr
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: "100m"
            memory: "50Mi"
          limits:
            cpu: "100m"
            memory: "50Mi"
        securityContext:
          privileged: true
        env:
        - name: POD_NAME
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.name
        - name: POD_NAMESPACE
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.namespace
        volumeMounts:
        - name: run
          mountPath: /run
        - name: flannel-cfg
          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
      volumes:
        - name: run
          hostPath:
            path: /run
        - name: cni
          hostPath:
            path: /etc/cni/net.d
        - name: flannel-cfg
          configMap:
            name: kube-flannel-cfg
---
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: kube-flannel-ds-arm64
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    tier: node
    app: flannel
spec:
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        tier: node
        app: flannel
    spec:
      hostNetwork: true
      nodeSelector:
        beta.kubernetes.io/arch: arm64
      tolerations:
      - operator: Exists
        effect: NoSchedule
      serviceAccountName: flannel
      initContainers:
      - name: install-cni
        image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.10.0-arm64
        command:
        - cp
        args:
        - -f
        - /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json
        - /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
        volumeMounts:
        - name: cni
          mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d
        - name: flannel-cfg
          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
      containers:
      - name: kube-flannel
        image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.10.0-arm64
        command:
        - /opt/bin/flanneld
        args:
        - --ip-masq
        - --kube-subnet-mgr
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: "100m"
            memory: "50Mi"
          limits:
            cpu: "100m"
            memory: "50Mi"
        securityContext:
          privileged: true
        env:
        - name: POD_NAME
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.name
        - name: POD_NAMESPACE
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.namespace
        volumeMounts:
        - name: run
          mountPath: /run
        - name: flannel-cfg
          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
      volumes:
        - name: run
          hostPath:
            path: /run
        - name: cni
          hostPath:
            path: /etc/cni/net.d
        - name: flannel-cfg
          configMap:
            name: kube-flannel-cfg
---
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: kube-flannel-ds-arm
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    tier: node
    app: flannel
spec:
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        tier: node
        app: flannel
    spec:
      hostNetwork: true
      nodeSelector:
        beta.kubernetes.io/arch: arm
      tolerations:
      - operator: Exists
        effect: NoSchedule
      serviceAccountName: flannel
      initContainers:
      - name: install-cni
        image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.10.0-arm
        command:
        - cp
        args:
        - -f
        - /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json
        - /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
        volumeMounts:
        - name: cni
          mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d
        - name: flannel-cfg
          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
      containers:
      - name: kube-flannel
        image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.10.0-arm
        command:
        - /opt/bin/flanneld
        args:
        - --ip-masq
        - --kube-subnet-mgr
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: "100m"
            memory: "50Mi"
          limits:
            cpu: "100m"
            memory: "50Mi"
        securityContext:
          privileged: true
        env:
        - name: POD_NAME
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.name
        - name: POD_NAMESPACE
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.namespace
        volumeMounts:
        - name: run
          mountPath: /run
        - name: flannel-cfg
          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
      volumes:
        - name: run
          hostPath:
            path: /run
        - name: cni
          hostPath:
            path: /etc/cni/net.d
        - name: flannel-cfg
          configMap:
            name: kube-flannel-cfg
---
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: kube-flannel-ds-ppc64le
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    tier: node
    app: flannel
spec:
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        tier: node
        app: flannel
    spec:
      hostNetwork: true
      nodeSelector:
        beta.kubernetes.io/arch: ppc64le
      tolerations:
      - operator: Exists
        effect: NoSchedule
      serviceAccountName: flannel
      initContainers:
      - name: install-cni
        image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.10.0-ppc64le
        command:
        - cp
        args:
        - -f
        - /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json
        - /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
        volumeMounts:
        - name: cni
          mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d
        - name: flannel-cfg
          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
      containers:
      - name: kube-flannel
        image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.10.0-ppc64le
        command:
        - /opt/bin/flanneld
        args:
        - --ip-masq
        - --kube-subnet-mgr
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: "100m"
            memory: "50Mi"
          limits:
            cpu: "100m"
            memory: "50Mi"
        securityContext:
          privileged: true
        env:
        - name: POD_NAME
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.name
        - name: POD_NAMESPACE
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.namespace
        volumeMounts:
        - name: run
          mountPath: /run
        - name: flannel-cfg
          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
      volumes:
        - name: run
          hostPath:
            path: /run
        - name: cni
          hostPath:
            path: /etc/cni/net.d
        - name: flannel-cfg
          configMap:
            name: kube-flannel-cfg
---
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: kube-flannel-ds-s390x
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    tier: node
    app: flannel
spec:
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        tier: node
        app: flannel
    spec:
      hostNetwork: true
      nodeSelector:
        beta.kubernetes.io/arch: s390x
      tolerations:
      - operator: Exists
        effect: NoSchedule
      serviceAccountName: flannel
      initContainers:
      - name: install-cni
        image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.10.0-s390x
        command:
        - cp
        args:
        - -f
        - /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json
        - /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
        volumeMounts:
        - name: cni
          mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d
        - name: flannel-cfg
          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
      containers:
      - name: kube-flannel
        image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.10.0-s390x
        command:
        - /opt/bin/flanneld
        args:
        - --ip-masq
        - --kube-subnet-mgr
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: "100m"
            memory: "50Mi"
          limits:
            cpu: "100m"
            memory: "50Mi"
        securityContext:
          privileged: true
        env:
        - name: POD_NAME
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.name
        - name: POD_NAMESPACE
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.namespace
        volumeMounts:
        - name: run
          mountPath: /run
        - name: flannel-cfg
          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
      volumes:
        - name: run
          hostPath:
            path: /run
        - name: cni
          hostPath:
            path: /etc/cni/net.d
        - name: flannel-cfg
          configMap:
            name: kube-flannel-cfg

#安装UI

$ wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/master/src/deploy/recommended/kubernetes-dashboard.yaml

#修改文件

第一处： Dashboard Deployment/image

修改成阿里云的镜像地址：

registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.10.0

第二处：Dashboard Service/spec

增加： type: NodePort

Dashboard Service/spec/ports

增加：nodePort: 30001

$ kubectl apply -f kubernetes-dashboard.yaml

$ kubectl get pods -n kube-system #查看结果

$ kubectl get svc -n kube-system #查看访问端口

$ vim k8s-admin.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: dashboard-admin
  namespace: kube-system
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
metadata:
  name: dashboard-admin
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: dashboard-admin
    namespace: kube-system
roleRef:
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: cluster-admin
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io

$ kubectl create -f k8s-admin.yaml

$ kubectl get secret -n kube-system #获取登录token

$ kubectl describe secret dashboard-admin-token-g5krf -n kube-system

#登录成功界面

#检查

$ kubectl get pods -n kube-system #查看节点状态

$ kubectl get pod --all-namespaces -o wide

一些常用命令：

$ ps aux|grep kube|grep flannel
$ kubectl get/describe cs								#查看k8s集群状态
$ kubectl get/describe pod
$ kubectl get/describe svc/service
$ kubectl get/describe deploy
$ kubectl get/describe rs
$ kubectl get/describe rc
$ kubectl get/describe nodes
$ kubectl get/describe all (-o wide)
$ kubectl get/describe namespace

node节点：

#安装kubelet kubeadm kubectl(方法同上)

#加入集群

$ kubeadm join 192.168.9.13:6443 --token 8upb4i.9bfjvny86rnj43h6 --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:7212a9d57e4b8b5c569807fdd9f7020cbb954cbe840cafb151044933446fbd44 (--ignore-preflight-errors=all)

运行容器

$ kubectl run nginx --image=nginx --replicas=3

$ kubectl get pods

$ kubectl describe pod/nginx-dbddb74b8-4fmfk #查看pod里的容器

$ kubectl get all -o wide

#创建一个service

$ kubectl expose deployment nginx --port=88 --target-port=80 --type=NodePort

#查看service

$ kubectl get svc

$ kubectl describe service nginx

$ kubectl get endpoints nginx

$ kubectl get deployment

#在zhuyun4服务器上

$ curl 10.104.144.109:88

#在服务器上访问

注意端口。

# iptables的规则

$ iptables-save | grep 31306

$ iptables-save | grep 88

嫩草终结者

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使用kubeadm安装kubernetes并运行

安装：kubelet kubeadm kubectl$ apt-get update &amp;&amp; apt-get install -y apt-transport-https curl https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | apt-key add - cat &lt;&lt;EOF &gt;...
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