python读取HDF5数据

本文主要利用python 读取HDF5数据，如icesat2 atl08数据。
转载：https://hdfeos.org/zoo/index_openICESat2_Examples.php#ATL

输入数据：atl08 HDF5格式数据
功能：读取.h5 数据并可视化

代码理解：
step1：import packages

import os
import numpy as np
import matplotlib as mpl
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import cartopy.crs as ccrs #进行地图投影
from cartopy.mpl.gridliner import LONGITUDE_FORMATTER, LATITUDE_FORMATTER

import h5py #读取.h5

step2：read HDF5 file

FILE_NAME = '' # hdf file的路径

step3：plot and visualize atl08

with h5py.File(FILE_NAME, mode='r') as f:

    latvar = f['/gt1l/land_segments/latitude']
    lat = latvar[:]
    lonvar = f['/gt1l/land_segments/longitude']
    lon = lonvar[:]
    dset_name = '/gt1l/land_segments/dem_h'
    datavar = f[dset_name]
    data = datavar[:]
    units = datavar.attrs['units']
    long_name = datavar.attrs['long_name']
    _FillValue = datavar.attrs['_FillValue']

    # Handle FillValue
    data[data == _FillValue] = np.nan
    data = np.ma.masked_where(np.isnan(data), data)
    
    # Find the middle location.
    lat_m = lat[int(lat.shape[0]/2)]
    lon_m = lon[int(lon.shape[0]/2)]

    # Let's use ortho projection.定义投影
    orth = ccrs.Orthographic(central_longitude=lon_m,
                             central_latitude=lat_m,
                             globe=None)
    ax = plt.axes(projection=orth)
    
    # Remove the following line to see a zoom-in view.
    ax.set_global()

    # Plot on map.
    p = plt.scatter(lon, lat, c=data, s=1, cmap=plt.cm.jet,
                    transform=ccrs.PlateCarree())

    # Put grids.
    gl = ax.gridlines(draw_labels=True, dms=True)

    # Put coast lines.
    ax.coastlines()

    # Put grid labels at left and bottom only.
    gl.top_labels = False
    gl.right_labels = False

    # Put degree N/E label.
    gl.xformatter = LONGITUDE_FORMATTER
    gl.yformatter = LATITUDE_FORMATTER

    # Adjust colorbar size and location using fraction and pad.
    cb = plt.colorbar(p, fraction=0.022, pad=0.01)
    units = units.decode('ascii', 'replace')        
    cb.set_label(units, fontsize=8)
    
    basename = os.path.basename(FILE_NAME)
    long_name = long_name.decode('ascii', 'replace')        
    plt.title('{0}\n{1}'.format(basename, long_name))
    
    fig = plt.gcf()    
    pngfile = "{0}.py.png".format(basename)
    fig.savefig(pngfile)

运行结果：

补充：atl08数据产品参数说明（ doi: 10.13203/j.whugis20200531）

参考链接：
python 读取hdf5：https://hdfeos.org/zoo/index_openICESat2_Examples.php#ATL

利用Cartopy库绘制地图：https://blog.csdn.net/x5675602/article/details/86429040

Cartopy中的地图投影：https://www.cnblogs.com/youxiaogang/p/14247184.html