1.概念
Java Server Pages： java服务器端页面
可以理解为：一个特殊的页面，其中既可以指定定义html标签，又可以定义java代码
用于简化书写！！！
2.原理：
JSP本质上就是一个Servlet
3.JSP脚本：JSP定义Java代码的方式
1.<% 代码%>
定义的java代码，在java中的service()方法。service方法中可以定义什么，该脚本就可以定义什么
2.<%!代码%>
定义的java代码，在jsp转换后的java的成员位置
3.<%= 代码%>
定义的java代码，会输出到页面上。输出语句中可以定义什么，该脚本中就可以定义什么。
定义一个index.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>$Title$</title>
</head>
<body>
<%
System.out.println("hello jsp");
int i = 5;
String contextPath = request.getContextPath();//获取虚拟目录
out.print(contextPath);
%>
<%! int i;%>
<%=i%><!--就近原则-->
<%
//response.getWriter() 会优先于 out对象输出
response.getWriter().write("response.getWriter();");
%>
<h1>HELLO JSP</h1>
</body>
</html>
访问后转换为相应的Servlet
/*
* Generated by the Jasper component of Apache Tomcat
* Version: Apache Tomcat/9.0.33
* Generated at: 2020-04-14 10:53:41 UTC
* Note: The last modified time of this file was set to
* the last modified time of the source file after
* generation to assist with modification tracking.
*/
package org.apache.jsp;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import javax.servlet.jsp.*;
public final class index_jsp extends org.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase
implements org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspSourceDependent,
org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspSourceImports {
int i;
private static final javax.servlet.jsp.JspFactory _jspxFactory =
javax.servlet.jsp.JspFactory.getDefaultFactory();
private static java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.lang.Long> _jspx_dependants;
private static final java.util.Set<java.lang.String> _jspx_imports_packages;
private static final java.util.Set<java.lang.String> _jspx_imports_classes;
static {
_jspx_imports_packages = new java.util.HashSet<>();
_jspx_imports_packages.add("javax.servlet");
_jspx_imports_packages.add("javax.servlet.http");
_jspx_imports_packages.add("javax.servlet.jsp");
_jspx_imports_classes = null;
}
private volatile javax.el.ExpressionFactory _el_expressionfactory;
private volatile org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager _jsp_instancemanager;
public java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.lang.Long> getDependants() {
return _jspx_dependants;
}
public java.util.Set<java.lang.String> getPackageImports() {
return _jspx_imports_packages;
}
public java.util.Set<java.lang.String> getClassImports() {
return _jspx_imports_classes;
}
public javax.el.ExpressionFactory _jsp_getExpressionFactory() {
if (_el_expressionfactory == null) {
synchronized (this) {
if (_el_expressionfactory == null) {
_el_expressionfactory = _jspxFactory.getJspApplicationContext(getServletConfig().getServletContext()).getExpressionFactory();
}
}
}
return _el_expressionfactory;
}
public org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager _jsp_getInstanceManager() {
if (_jsp_instancemanager == null) {
synchronized (this) {
if (_jsp_instancemanager == null) {
_jsp_instancemanager = org.apache.jasper.runtime.InstanceManagerFactory.getInstanceManager(getServletConfig());
}
}
}
return _jsp_instancemanager;
}
public void _jspInit() {
}
public void _jspDestroy() {
}
public void _jspService(final javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest request, final javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse response)
throws java.io.IOException, javax.servlet.ServletException {
if (!javax.servlet.DispatcherType.ERROR.equals(request.getDispatcherType())) {
final java.lang.String _jspx_method = request.getMethod();
if ("OPTIONS".equals(_jspx_method)) {
response.setHeader("Allow","GET, HEAD, POST, OPTIONS");
return;
}
if (!"GET".equals(_jspx_method) && !"POST".equals(_jspx_method) && !"HEAD".equals(_jspx_method)) {
response.setHeader("Allow","GET, HEAD, POST, OPTIONS");
response.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED, "JSP 只允许 GET、POST 或 HEAD。Jasper 还允许 OPTIONS");
return;
}
}
final javax.servlet.jsp.PageContext pageContext;
javax.servlet.http.HttpSession session = null;
final javax.servlet.ServletContext application;
final javax.servlet.ServletConfig config;
javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter out = null;
final java.lang.Object page = this;
javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter _jspx_out = null;
javax.servlet.jsp.PageContext _jspx_page_context = null;
try {
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
pageContext = _jspxFactory.getPageContext(this, request, response,
null, true, 8192, true);
_jspx_page_context = pageContext;
application = pageContext.getServletContext();
config = pageContext.getServletConfig();
session = pageContext.getSession();
out = pageContext.getOut();
_jspx_out = out;
out.write("\n");
out.write("\n");
out.write("<html>\n");
out.write(" <head>\n");
out.write(" <title>$Title$</title>\n");
out.write(" </head>\n");
out.write(" <body>\n");
out.write(" ");
System.out.println("hello jsp");
int i = 5;
out.write("\n");
out.write("\n");
out.write(" ");
out.write("\n");
out.write("\n");
out.write(" ");
out.print(i);
out.write("\n");
out.write(" <h1>HELLO JSP</h1>\n");
out.write(" </body>\n");
out.write("</html>\n");
} catch (java.lang.Throwable t) {
if (!(t instanceof javax.servlet.jsp.SkipPageException)){
out = _jspx_out;
if (out != null && out.getBufferSize() != 0)
try {
if (response.isCommitted()) {
out.flush();
} else {
out.clearBuffer();
}
} catch (java.io.IOException e) {}
if (_jspx_page_context != null) _jspx_page_context.handlePageException(t);
else throw new ServletException(t);
}
} finally {
_jspxFactory.releasePageContext(_jspx_page_context);
}
}
}
4.JSP原理图
5.JSP的内置对象
在jsp页面中不需要获取和创建，可以直接使用的对象
jsp一共有9个内置对象
1.request
2.response
3.out:字符输出流对象。可以将数据输出到页面上。和response.getWriter()相似
response.getWriter()和out.write()的区别：
* 在tomcat服务器真正给客户端做出响应之前，会先找response缓冲区数据，再找out缓冲区数据。
* response.getWriter()数据输出永远在out.write()之前
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