1.1使用Servlet处理表单提交的请求
创建并通过注解配置名为MyServlet的Servlet类,此类继承HttpServlet类并重写了dopost()方法,用于 处理浏览器的请求:
package yuan;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
@WebServlet("/MyServlet")
public class MyServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
/**
* @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
*/
public MyServlet() {
super();
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
String name=request.getParameter("name");
PrintWriter writer=response.getWriter();
if(name!=null) {
writer.write("hello"+name+"!");
writer.flush();
writer.close();
}
}
}
说明:从HttpServletResponse对象中获取的输出流,在完成业务逻辑处理后应刷新缓冲区的数据后关闭输出流对象,以及时释放资源.
创建名为index.jsp的页面,作为程序的主页面,在其中编写一个表单,用于向Servlet提交请求。
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="MyServlet" method="post">
<p>请输入您的姓名:<input type="text" name="name"></p>
<p><input type="submit" value="提交"/></p>
</form>
</body>
</html>
运行结果:
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
单击“提交”按钮后出现的效果
1.2使用servlet实现页面转发:
创建名称为ForwardServlet.java的类文件,该类继承了HttpServlet类,在该servlet的doGet()方法中调用RequestDispatcher接口的forward()方法向页面转发到main.jsp页面。下面就是ForwardServlet类的具体代码(servlet):
package com.wgh;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
/**
* Servlet implementation class FordwardServlet
*/
@WebServlet("/FordwardServlet")
public class FordwardServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
/**
* @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
*/
public FordwardServlet() {
super();
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
RequestDispatcher requestDispatcher=request.getRequestDispatcher("main.jsp");
requestDispatcher.forward(request,response);
}
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
doGet(request, response);
}
}
main.jsp:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>主界面</title>
</head>
<body>
欢迎访问明日科技网站!——main.jsp
</body>
</html>
运行结果;
1.3在Servlet中获取当前副武器的路径:
SurePath.java:
package com.wgh;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* Servlet实现类SurePath
*/
@WebServlet("/SurePath")
public class SurePath extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
/**
* @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
*/
public SurePath() {
super();
}
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
response.setContentType("text/html; charset=UTF-8");
ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
out.print("获取当前服务器的真实路径:" + context.getRealPath("") + "");
}
}
web.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<display-name>7.2</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>SurePath</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
运行结果: