爬虫实战之三--mysql安装

mysql官网

https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

到官网上下载rpm包，我下载的是这个：

MySQL-5.6.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

检查是否已经安装mysql：

rpm -qa | grep mysql

如果安装就卸载掉，下面是针对两种安装方式的卸载：

卸载一：
输入：
#rpm -qa | grep -i mysql
显示：
mysql-libs-5.1.52-1.el6_0.1.i686
卸载方法：
yum -y remove mysql-libs-5.1.52-1.el6_0.1.i686


卸载二：
输入：
#rpm -qa | grep -i mysql
显示：
MySQL-client-5.1.62-1.glibc23.i386
MySQL-server-5.1.62-1.glibc23.i386
卸载方法：
#rpm -ev MySQL-client-5.1.62-1.glibc23.i386 MySQL-server-5.1.62-1.glibc23.i386

解压从官网下载的rpm包：

tar -xvf MySQL-5.6.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

得到下面七个包：

MySQL-embedded-5.6.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-devel-5.6.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-client-5.6.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-server-5.6.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-test-5.6.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-shared-compat-5.6.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-shared-5.6.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

先安装需要的依赖包，否则可能会安装不上：

 yum install perl #安装server时需要的依赖包
yum install numactl #安装server时需要的依赖包
yum install libaio #安装server时需要的依赖包

centos7还要卸载mariadb，因为centos7内部集成mariadb，会跟mysql冲突：

rpm -qa |grep mariadb
 rpm -e mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64

然后安装7个rpm：

rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 

rpm -ivh MySQL-devel-5.6.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

 rpm -ivh MySQL-shared-5.6.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 

 rpm -ivh MySQL-test-5.6.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh MySQL-embedded-5.6.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh MySQL-shared-compat-5.6.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

拷贝配置文件到etc目录下:

cp /usr/share/mysql/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

/usr/bin/mysql_install_db    #初始化MySQL 
service mysql start        #启动MySQL 

cat /root/.mysql_secret        #查看root账号的初始密码，会出现密码,如果查不到密码就是空
 service mysql start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!

成功启动mysql并修改密码：

[root@iz2zehpn3pk7tat6x65xtpz mysql]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.6.37 MySQL Community Server (GPL)


Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.


Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.


mysql> set password=password('root');  #修改mysql密码
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

#配置开机启动

[root@iz2zehpn3pk7tat6x65xtpz mysql]# chkconfig mysql on 
[root@iz2zehpn3pk7tat6x65xtpz mysql]# chkconfig --list | grep mysql  
#2--5为on即为开机启动
mysql           0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off

修改/etc/my.cnf

设置MySQL的字符集，配置MySQL表明不区分大小写（默认情况下，MySQL对表名区分大小写，列名不区分大小写）。在[mysqld]下面加入如下内容
[mysqld]


character_set_server=utf8  character_set_client=utf8 
 collation-server=utf8_general_ci 
lower_case_table_names=1 
max_connections=1000

重启MySQL

# service mysql restart 
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! 
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!

我的数据文件位置默认默认路径：
 /var/lib/mysql/

遇到问题

在安装过程中可能会遇到mysql启动不了的情况：[root@iz2zehpn3pk7tat6x65xtpz ~]# service mysql start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/usr/share/mysql/iz2zehpn3pk7tat6x65xtpz.err'.
The server quit without updating PID file (/usr/share/mysql[FAILED]pn3pk7tat6x65xtpz.pid).

我是把rpm的server包删除，然后重新安装一遍就可以了。