ServletContext相关

最新推荐文章于 2019-03-14 23:03:30 发布

qq_32965187

最新推荐文章于 2019-03-14 23:03:30 发布

阅读量172

点赞数 1

分类专栏： Web 文章标签： ServletContext

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_32965187/article/details/85276576

版权

Web 专栏收录该内容

22 篇文章 0 订阅

订阅专栏

3、存取数据，servlet间共享数据域对象

ServlerContext的生命周期

ServletContext 的作用范围

简介

每个web工程都只有一个ServletContext对象。说白了也就是不管在哪个servlet里面，获取到的这个类的对象都是同一个。

如何得到对象

//1. 获取对象
ServletContext context = getServletContext();

有什么作用

获取全局配置参数
获取web工程中的资源
存取数据，servlet间共享数据域对象

1、获取全局配置参数

web.xml中设置参数

 <context-param>
    <param-name>name</param-name>
    <param-value>朱俊伟</param-value>
 </context-param>
</web-app>

创建Servlet并配置Servlet并读取相应的参数

package com.zhujunwei.servletContext;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
 * 
 * @author Administrator
 * 创建ServletContext读取全局变量的值
 *
 */
public class ServletContext01 extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		//读取全局变量的值
		ServletContext context = getServletContext();
		String name = context.getInitParameter("name");
		System.out.println(name);
	}

	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}

运行结果

朱俊伟

2、获取web工程中的资源

如果在项目中存在配置文件想要读取（如config.properties），可采用如下三种方法：

config.properties文件所在目录

-WebContent
  -file
    -config.properties
  -META-INF
  -WEB-INF

config.properties文件内容

name=zhujunwei

读取的三种方法

package com.zhujunwei.servletContext;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Properties;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * 
 * @author Administrator 
 * 读取工程文件的三种方法
 *
 */
public class ServletContext02 extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		getProperty1();
		getProperty2();
		getProperty3();
	}
	
	/**
	 * 方法3：通过类加载器读取工程中的文件
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	private void getProperty3() throws IOException {
		// 1、创建属性对象
		Properties properties = new Properties();

		// 2、指定载入的数据源
		InputStream inStream = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("../../file/config.properties");
		properties.load(inStream);

		// 3、获取name属性的值
		String name = properties.getProperty("name");
		System.out.println("getProperty3():name=" + name);
	}

	/**
	 * 方法2：通过ServletContext中的getResourceAsStream方法读取文件
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	private void getProperty2() throws IOException {
		// 获取ServletContext对象
		ServletContext context = getServletContext();

		// 1、创建属性对象
		Properties properties = new Properties();

		// 2、指定载入的数据源
		InputStream inStream = context.getResourceAsStream("file/config.properties");
		properties.load(inStream);

		// 3、获取name属性的值
		String name = properties.getProperty("name");
		System.out.println("getProperty2():name=" + name);
	}
	
	/**
	 * 方法1：通过ServletContext中的getRealPath方法读取文件
	 * @throws FileNotFoundException
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	private void getProperty1() throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
		// 获取ServletContext对象
		ServletContext context = getServletContext();
		// 获取给定的文件在服务器上面的绝对路径
		String path = context.getRealPath("file/config.properties");

		// 1、创建属性对象
		Properties properties = new Properties();

		// 2、指定载入的数据源
		InputStream inStream = new FileInputStream(path);
		properties.load(inStream);

		// 3、获取name属性的值
		String name = properties.getProperty("name");
		System.out.println("getProperty1():name=" + name);
	}

	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}

配置Servlet，执行得到结果

getProperty1():name=zhujunwei
getProperty2():name=zhujunwei
getProperty3():name=zhujunwei

3、存取数据，servlet间共享数据域对象

思路分析

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
	<meta charset="UTF-8">
	<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	<h2>请输入账号密码登录</h2>
	<form action="LoginServlet" method="get">
		账号：<input type="text" name="username"><br>
		密码：<input type="text" name="password"><br>
		<input type="submit" value="登录">
	</form>
</body>
</html>

LoginServlet

package com.zhujunwei.servletContext;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
 * 从客户端取得用户输入的账号和密码，经过校验后跳转到指定的页面
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		//获取客户端输入的值
		String username = request.getParameter("username");
		String password = request.getParameter("password");
		
		//对值进行校验并返回客户端
		if("admin".equals(username)&&"123456".equals(password))
		{
			//1、成功次数的累加
			//获取以前存的值，然后在旧的值基础上+1
			Object obj = getServletContext().getAttribute("count");
			//默认就是0次
			int totalCount = 0;
			if(obj!=null)
			{
				totalCount = (int) obj;
			}
			//给count赋新的值
			getServletContext().setAttribute("count", totalCount+1);
			//2、跳转到login_success.html
			//设置状态码 ：重新定位状态码
			response.setStatus(302);
			//定位跳转的位置是哪一个页面
			response.setHeader("Location", "login_success.html");
		}
		else
		{
			PrintWriter pw = response.getWriter();
			pw.write("login filed...");
		}
	}

	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}

login_success.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	<h2>登录成功</h2>
	<a href="ServletContext04">查看网页登录成功的次数。</a>
</body>
</html>

CountServlet

package com.zhujunwei.servletContext;

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class CountServlet extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		//取值
		int count = (int) getServletContext().getAttribute("count");
		//输出到界面
		response.getWriter().write("Login Success Count:"+count);
	}

	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}

运行结果