SpringMVC基础（一）

1.SpringMVC概述

（1）SpringMVC通过一套MVC注解，让POJO成为处理请求的控制器无需实现任何接口

（2）支持REST风格的URI请求,

（3）采用松散耦合可拔插主键结构，比其他MVC结构更加灵活可扩展。

2.基本步骤

（1）导入jar包

（2）在web.xml里面配置DispatcherServlet

（3）加入SpringMVC的配置文件

（4）编写处理请求的处理器，并表标识为处理器

（5）编写视图

【1】jar包：除了基本的6个spring需要的包（日志，aop，bean，context，核心core，expression）以外还需导入

Spring-web-release.jar,spring-webmvc-release.jar(这里没有指定版本，但版本最好一致)。

纯java的方式配置代替web.xml的SpringMVC的配置文件

@Configuration	//加入配置
@ComponentScan("com.andy") //扫描注解
@EnableTransactionManagement
// 配置事务管理
@PropertySource("classpath:jdbc.properties")
@EnableWebMvc
// extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter  开启常用的支持：包括静态资源
public class AppConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
	@Bean
	// 负责将控制器方法返回的字符串映射到某个JSP
	public ViewResolver viewResolver() {
		InternalResourceViewResolver resource = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
		resource.setViewClass(JstlView.class);// 支持标准jsp和taglib
		System.out.println("ds");
		// 设置头和尾/WEB-INF/jsp/customer.jsp
		resource.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/jsp/");
		resource.setSuffix(".jsp");
		return resource;
	}


	@Override
	public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
		// /assets/css/app.css -> /WebContent/public/css/app.css
		// /assets/js/app.js -> /WebContent/public/js/app.js
		// /WebContent/public/
		registry.addResourceHandler("/assets/**").addResourceLocations(
				"/public/");//将/public替换为/"/assets/**" 用于匹配资源
	}


	@Bean
	// 配置事务管理
	public PlatformTransactionManager transactionalManager(
			SessionFactory sessionFactory) {
		HibernateTransactionManager transactionalManager = new HibernateTransactionManager();
		transactionalManager.setSessionFactory(sessionFactory);
		return transactionalManager;
	}


	@Bean
	// 配置SessionFactory
	public LocalSessionFactoryBean sessionFactory(DataSource dataSource) {
		LocalSessionFactoryBean sessionFactory = new LocalSessionFactoryBean();
		sessionFactory.setDataSource(dataSource);  //加载数据源
		sessionFactory.setPackagesToScan("com.andy.entity");//注册实体
		return sessionFactory;
	}


	@Bean
	// 配置数据源、
	public DataSource dataSource(Environment env) {
		DriverManagerDataSource driverManagerDataSource = new DriverManagerDataSource();
		driverManagerDataSource.setDriverClassName(env
				.getProperty("jdbc.driverClassName"));
		driverManagerDataSource.setUrl(env.getProperty("jdbc.url"));
		driverManagerDataSource.setUsername(env.getProperty("jdbc.username"));
		driverManagerDataSource.setPassword(env.getProperty("jdbc.password"));
		return driverManagerDataSource;
	}
}

1.这里配置一个基础的处理请求示例：(xml 方式实现)

@Controller
@RequestMapping(value="/restservice")
public class RestService {
    
    public final static String SUCCEEDD="show";
    
    
    /**
     * get请求
     * url:  http://localhost:8080/springmvc/restservice/testRestGet/12
     * @param id  
     *         查询的参数
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(value="/testRestGet/{id}",method=RequestMethod.GET)
    public String testRestGet(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
        System.out.println("rest 风格的GET请求..........id=" +id);
        return SUCCEEDD;
    }
    /**
     * post新增 
     * url:  http://localhost:8080/springmvc/restservice/testRestPost
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(value="/testRestPost",method=RequestMethod.POST)
    public String testRestPost(){
        System.out.println("rest 风格的POST请求.......... ");
        return SUCCEEDD;
    }
    /**
     * PUT 修改操作
     * url:  http://localhost:8080/springmvc/restservice/testRestPut/put123
     * @param name
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(value="/testRestPut/{name}",method=RequestMethod.PUT)
    public String testRestPut(@PathVariable("name") String name){
        System.out.println("rest 风格的PUT请求..........name="+name);
        return SUCCEEDD;
    }
    /**
     *   DELETE删除操作
     *   url: http://localhost:8080/springmvc/restservice/testRestDelete/11
     * @param id
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(value="/testRestDelete/{id}",method=RequestMethod.DELETE)
    public String testRestDelete(@PathVariable Integer id){
        System.out.println("rest 风格的DELETE请求..........id="+id);
        return SUCCEEDD;
    }
    
    

    
}

 

4  编写接口的响应页面 -对应着接口的return

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
   <h2>show  this is succeedd ？  yes  </h2>
</body>
</html>

 

5   发布和配置rest接口  dispatcherServlet-servlet.xml：

xml方式

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">

    <!-- 配置自定扫描的包 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="cn.bean.demo"></context:component-scan>

    <!-- 配置视图解析器: 如何把 handler 方法返回值解析为实际的物理视图 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>