简 述: QTableWidget
表格,组件的属性介绍和使用,这里写一个简单小例子的使用介绍它的基本属性的使用
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/3f1a591cd6fa0a47f7be5f10bf57c6e7.png)
本篇的csdn/github.io同步博文: QTableWidget表格组件的属性介绍和使用
开发环境:
编程环境: MacOS 10.14.6 (18G103)
编程软件: Qt 5.9.8
, Qt Creator 4.8.2
QTableWidget属性:
QTableWidget
是 表格组件 ;其属于显示窗口的控件,只是将数据以表格的形式展示出来,
其主要属性是:
- row行
行号
- Colum列
列号
- Item项
QTableWidgetItem
是具体的某一个项item,就是表格中间的具体一个项(小长方块);还可以用来存储数据(但是在界面该数据是不显示的),每一个item都可以存储一个自己的QVariant
数据;
运行效果:
来一张运行效果图:
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/c05611375e40ee4ff075b9b24c6180ec.gif)
核心源码讲解:
因为这个控件属于比较简单,所以此处直接将部分 .h 源码贴出来:
class ExQTableWidget : public QMainWindow
{
...
void createItemsARow(int row, QString name, QString sex, QDate birth, QString nation, int score, bool isAnime); //为某一行创建items
private slots:
void on_btnSetHeader_clicked(); //设置表头
void on_btnInitTable_clicked(); //初始化数据表
void on_btnSetRow_clicked(); //设置表格的行数
void on_btnInsertRow_clicked(); //插入行
void on_btnAddRow_clicked(); //在最后一行添加一行
void on_btnDelRow_clicked(); //删除当前行
void on_btnAutoHeight_clicked(); //自动设置行高
void on_btnAutoWidth_clicked(); //自动设置列高
void on_btnReadToEdit_clicked(); //读取表格内容到文本
void on_chkBoxHeadEdit_clicked(bool checked); //表格可编辑模式
void on_chkBoxRowColor_clicked(bool checked); //间隔行底色
void on_chkBoxHeadRow_clicked(bool checked); //显示行表头
void on_chkBoxHeadCol_clicked(bool checked); //显示列表头
void on_radioBtnSelectItem_clicked(); //单元格选择
void on_radioBtnSelectRow_clicked(); //行选择
void on_tableWidget_currentCellChanged(int currentRow, int currentColumn, int previousRow, int previousColumn); //获取当前item和前一个(点击)item的行列号
private:
QLabel *m_labCellIndex; //状态栏上用来显示单元格的行号、列号
QLabel *m_labCellType; //状态栏上用来显示单元格的type
QLabel *m_labStudID; //状态栏上用来显示单元格的学号
};
其对应的 .cpp 文件:
ExQTableWidget::ExQTableWidget(QWidget *parent) :
QMainWindow(parent),
ui(new Ui::ExQTableWidget)
{
ui->setupUi(this);
setWindowTitle(QObject::tr("QTableWidget的讲解和使用"));
m_labCellIndex = new QLabel("当前单元格坐标:", this); //状态栏初始化
m_labCellIndex->setMinimumWidth(250);
m_labCellType = new QLabel("当前单元格类型:", this);
m_labCellType->setMinimumWidth(200);
m_labStudID = new QLabel("学生ID:", this);
m_labStudID->setMinimumWidth(200);
ui->statusBar->addWidget(m_labCellIndex);
ui->statusBar->addWidget(m_labCellType);
ui->statusBar->addWidget(m_labStudID);
ui->chkBoxHeadEdit->setChecked(Qt::Unchecked);
setCentralWidget(ui->splitter_2);
on_btnSetHeader_clicked();
}
//为某一行创建items
void ExQTableWidget::createItemsARow(int row, QString name, QString sex, QDate birth, QString nation, int score, bool isAnime)
{
QTableWidgetItem* item = nullptr;
int stunID = 20190913;
QString str = "";
item = new QTableWidgetItem(name, cellType::ctName); //创建name 坐标为(0, 0)的item
item->setTextAlignment(Qt::AlignHCenter | Qt::AlignVCenter); //文本显示居中
stunID += row; //学号 = 基数 + 行号
item->setData(Qt::UserRole, QVariant(stunID)); //设置stunID为data
ui->tableWidget->setItem(row, fieldColNum::colName, item); //插入item到tableWidget里面
item = new QTableWidgetItem(sex, cellType::ctSex); //性别
QIcon icon;
if (sex == "男")
icon.addFile(":/images/Image002.ico");
else
icon.addFile(":/images/Image003.ico");
item->setIcon(icon);
item->setTextAlignment(Qt::AlignHCenter | Qt::AlignVCenter);
ui->tableWidget->setItem(row, fieldColNum::colSex, item);
item = new QTableWidgetItem(birth.toString("yyyy-MM-dd"), cellType::ctBirth);//出生日期
item->setTextAlignment(Qt::AlignHCenter | Qt::AlignVCenter);
ui->tableWidget->setItem(row, fieldColNum::colBirth, item);
item = new QTableWidgetItem(nation, cellType::ctNation); //籍贯
item->setTextAlignment(Qt::AlignHCenter | Qt::AlignVCenter);
ui->tableWidget->setItem(row, fieldColNum::colNation, item);
item = new QTableWidgetItem(str.setNum(score), cellType::ctScore);//成绩
item->setTextAlignment(Qt::AlignHCenter | Qt::AlignVCenter);
ui->tableWidget->setItem(row, fieldColNum::colScore, item);
item = new QTableWidgetItem("喜欢", cellType::ctLikeAnime); //喜欢二次元否?
if (isAnime)
item->setCheckState(Qt::Checked);
else
item->setCheckState(Qt::Unchecked);
item->setTextAlignment(Qt::AlignHCenter | Qt::AlignVCenter);
item->setBackgroundColor(Qt::gray);
ui->tableWidget->setItem(row, fieldColNum::colLikeAnime, item);
}
//+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
//设置表头
void ExQTableWidget::on_btnSetHeader_clicked()
{
QTableWidgetItem* item = nullptr;
QStringList list;
list << "姓名" << "性别" << "出生日期" << "籍贯" << "分数" << "是否喜欢二次元";
// ui->tableWidget->setHorizontalHeaderLabels(list); //只是初始化表头的每一列的名字
ui->tableWidget->setColumnCount(list.count());
for (int i = 0; i < ui->tableWidget->columnCount(); i++) {
item = new QTableWidgetItem(list.at(i)); //创建一个item
QFont font;
font.setBold(true);
font.setPointSize(12);
item->setFont(font); //设置item的字体,颜色,粗体,大小
item->setTextColor(Qt::red);
ui->tableWidget->setHorizontalHeaderItem(i, item); //添加item到tableWidget
}
}
//初始化数据表
void ExQTableWidget::on_btnInitTable_clicked()
{
QTime time;
time = QTime::currentTime();
qsrand(static_cast<uint>(time.msec() + time.second() * 1000));
QString name = "学生";
QString sex = "保密";
QDate birth(2019, 9, 12);
QString nation = "武汉";
int score = 87;
bool isAnime = true;
ui->tableWidget->clearContents(); //清除工作区,不清除表头
int row = ui->tableWidget->rowCount();
for (int i = 0; i < row; i++) { //初始化一行行的数据
name = "学生";
name += QString::number(i);
int n = qrand() % 2; //产生随机数小于2
if (n == 0) {
sex = "男";
isAnime = true;
}
else {
sex = "女";
isAnime = false;
}
score += 10;
birth = birth.addDays(30);
createItemsARow(i, name, sex, birth, nation, score, isAnime);
}
}
//设置表格的行数
void ExQTableWidget::on_btnSetRow_clicked()
{
int n = ui->spinBoxRow->value();
ui->tableWidget->setRowCount(n);
}
//插入行
void ExQTableWidget::on_btnInsertRow_clicked()
{
int currRow = ui->tableWidget->currentRow();
ui->tableWidget->insertRow(currRow); //插入一行,不会自动为单元格创建item
createItemsARow(currRow, "插入学生", "女", QDate(2020, 07, 17), "楚国", 87, true);
}
//在最后一行添加一行
void ExQTableWidget::on_btnAddRow_clicked()
{
int row = ui->tableWidget->rowCount();
ui->tableWidget->insertRow(row);
createItemsARow(row, "添加学生", "女", QDate(2021, 07, 17), "唐朝", 93, true);
}
//删除当前行
void ExQTableWidget::on_btnDelRow_clicked()
{
int currRow = ui->tableWidget->currentRow();
ui->tableWidget->removeRow(currRow); //删除当前行以及其他items
}
//自动设置行高
void ExQTableWidget::on_btnAutoHeight_clicked()
{
ui->tableWidget->resizeRowsToContents(); //自动调整所有行的内容,以适应内容高度
}
//自动设置列高
void ExQTableWidget::on_btnAutoWidth_clicked()
{
ui->tableWidget->resizeColumnsToContents(); //自动调整所有列的内容,以适应内容宽度
}
//读取表格内容到文本
void ExQTableWidget::on_btnReadToEdit_clicked()
{
QTableWidgetItem* item = nullptr;
QString str = "";
for (int i = 0; i < ui->tableWidget->rowCount(); i++) {
str = "";
for (int j = 0; j < ui->tableWidget->columnCount() - 1; j++) {
item = ui->tableWidget->item(i, j);
str += item->text() + " ";
}
item = ui->tableWidget->item(i, fieldColNum::colLikeAnime);
if (item->checkState() == Qt::Checked)
str += "喜欢二次元";
else
str += "不喜欢二次元";
ui->plainTextEdit->appendPlainText(str);
}
}
//表格可编辑模式
void ExQTableWidget::on_chkBoxHeadEdit_clicked(bool checked)
{
if (checked)
ui->tableWidget->setEditTriggers(QAbstractItemView::DoubleClicked | QAbstractItemView::SelectedClicked);
else
ui->tableWidget->setEditTriggers(QAbstractItemView::DoubleClicked);
}
//间隔行底色
void ExQTableWidget::on_chkBoxRowColor_clicked(bool checked)
{
ui->tableWidget->setAlternatingRowColors(checked);
}
//显示行表头
void ExQTableWidget::on_chkBoxHeadRow_clicked(bool checked)
{
ui->tableWidget->horizontalHeader()->setVisible(checked);
}
//显示列表头
void ExQTableWidget::on_chkBoxHeadCol_clicked(bool checked)
{
ui->tableWidget->verticalHeader()->setVisible(checked);
}
//单元格选择
void ExQTableWidget::on_radioBtnSelectItem_clicked()
{
ui->tableWidget->setSelectionBehavior(QAbstractItemView::SelectItems);
}
//行选择
void ExQTableWidget::on_radioBtnSelectRow_clicked()
{
ui->tableWidget->setSelectionBehavior(QAbstractItemView::SelectRows);
}
//获取当前item和前一个(点击)item的行列号
void ExQTableWidget::on_tableWidget_currentCellChanged(int currentRow, int currentColumn, int previousRow, int previousColumn)
{
m_labCellIndex->setText("当前单元格坐标:[" + QString::number(currentRow) + "行, " + QString::number(currentColumn) + "列]");
QTableWidgetItem* item = ui->tableWidget->item(currentRow, currentColumn);
int type = item->type();
m_labCellType->setText("当前单元格类型:" + QString::number(type));
QTableWidgetItem* item2 = ui->tableWidget->item(currentRow, fieldColNum::colName);
m_labStudID->setText("学生ID:" + item2->data(Qt::UserRole).toString());
}
源码下载:
https://github.com/xmuli/QtExamples【QtQTableWidgetEx】