STL学习（自学手册+源码分析）之 set multiset

1.1 set

1.1.1 主体实现

#ifndef  
template <class Key, class Compare = less<Key>, class Alloc = alloc>
#else
template <class Key, class Compare, class Alloc = alloc>
#endif
class set {
public:
  // typedefs:

  typedef Key key_type;
  typedef Key value_type;
  typedef Compare key_compare;
  typedef Compare value_compare;
private:
  typedef rb_tree<key_type, value_type, 
                  identity<value_type>, key_compare, Alloc> rep_type;
  rep_type t;  // red-black tree representing set 内建的红黑树
public:
  typedef typename rep_type::const_pointer pointer;
  typedef typename rep_type::const_pointer const_pointer;
  typedef typename rep_type::const_reference reference;
  typedef typename rep_type::const_reference const_reference;
  typedef typename rep_type::const_iterator iterator;//迭代器都是const的，只读
  typedef typename rep_type::const_iterator const_iterator;
  typedef typename rep_type::const_reverse_iterator reverse_iterator;
  typedef typename rep_type::const_reverse_iterator const_reverse_iterator;
  typedef typename rep_type::size_type size_type;
  typedef typename rep_type::difference_type difference_type;

  // allocation/deallocation

  set() : t(Compare()) {}
  explicit set(const Compare& comp) : t(comp) {}

#ifdef __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES
  template <class InputIterator>
  set(InputIterator first, InputIterator last)
    : t(Compare()) { t.insert_unique(first, last); }

  template <class InputIterator>
  set(InputIterator first, InputIterator last, const Compare& comp)
    : t(comp) { t.insert_unique(first, last); }
#else
  set(const value_type* first, const value_type* last) 
    : t(Compare()) { t.insert_unique(first, last); }
  set(const value_type* first, const value_type* last, const Compare& comp)
    : t(comp) { t.insert_unique(first, last); }

  set(const_iterator first, const_iterator last)
    : t(Compare()) { t.insert_unique(first, last); }
  set(const_iterator first, const_iterator last, const Compare& comp)
    : t(comp) { t.insert_unique(first, last); }
#endif /* __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES */

  set(const set<Key, Compare, Alloc>& x) : t(x.t) {}
  set<Key, Compare, Alloc>& operator=(const set<Key, Compare, Alloc>& x) { 
    t = x.t; 
    return *this;
  }

  // accessors:

  key_compare key_comp() const { return t.key_comp(); }
  value_compare value_comp() const { return t.key_comp(); }
  iterator begin() const { return t.begin(); }
  iterator end() const { return t.end(); }
  reverse_iterator rbegin() const { return t.rbegin(); } 
  reverse_iterator rend() const { return t.rend(); }
  bool empty() const { return t.empty(); }
  size_type size() const { return t.size(); }
  size_type max_size() const { return t.max_size(); }
  void swap(set<Key, Compare, Alloc>& x) { t.swap(x.t); }

  // insert/erase
  typedef  pair<iterator, bool> pair_iterator_bool; 
  pair<iterator,bool> insert(const value_type& x) { 
    pair<typename rep_type::iterator, bool> p = t.insert_unique(x); 
    return pair<iterator, bool>(p.first, p.second);
  }
  iterator insert(iterator position, const value_type& x) {
    typedef typename rep_type::iterator rep_iterator;
    return t.insert_unique((rep_iterator&)position, x);
  }
#ifdef __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES
  template <class InputIterator>
  void insert(InputIterator first, InputIterator last) {
    t.insert_unique(first, last);
  }
#else
  void insert(const_iterator first, const_iterator last) {
    t.insert_unique(first, last);
  }
  void insert(const value_type* first, const value_type* last) {
    t.insert_unique(first, last);
  }
#endif /* __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES */
  void erase(iterator position) { 
    typedef typename rep_type::iterator rep_iterator;
    t.erase((rep_iterator&)position); 
  }
  size_type erase(const key_type& x) { 
    return t.erase(x); 
  }
  void erase(iterator first, iterator last) { 
    typedef typename rep_type::iterator rep_iterator;
    t.erase((rep_iterator&)first, (rep_iterator&)last); 
  }
  void clear() { t.clear(); }

  // set operations:

  iterator find(const key_type& x) const { return t.find(x); }
  size_type count(const key_type& x) const { return t.count(x); }
  iterator lower_bound(const key_type& x) const {
    return t.lower_bound(x);
  }
  iterator upper_bound(const key_type& x) const {
    return t.upper_bound(x); 
  }
  pair<iterator,iterator> equal_range(const key_type& x) const {
    return t.equal_range(x);
  }
  friend bool operator== __STL_NULL_TMPL_ARGS (const set&, const set&);
  friend bool operator< __STL_NULL_TMPL_ARGS (const set&, const set&);
};

set的所有操作都是调用底层红黑树来实现，从这个角度来看set也可以看作是一个adapter。

1.2 multiset

#ifndef __STL_LIMITED_DEFAULT_TEMPLATES
template <class Key, class Compare = less<Key>, class Alloc = alloc>
#else
template <class Key, class Compare, class Alloc = alloc>
#endif
class multiset {
public:
  // typedefs:

  typedef Key key_type;
  typedef Key value_type;
  typedef Compare key_compare;
  typedef Compare value_compare;
private:
  typedef rb_tree<key_type, value_type, 
                  identity<value_type>, key_compare, Alloc> rep_type;
  rep_type t;  // red-black tree representing multiset
public:
  typedef typename rep_type::const_pointer pointer;
  typedef typename rep_type::const_pointer const_pointer;
  typedef typename rep_type::const_reference reference;
  typedef typename rep_type::const_reference const_reference;
  typedef typename rep_type::const_iterator iterator;
  typedef typename rep_type::const_iterator const_iterator;
  typedef typename rep_type::const_reverse_iterator reverse_iterator;
  typedef typename rep_type::const_reverse_iterator const_reverse_iterator;
  typedef typename rep_type::size_type size_type;
  typedef typename rep_type::difference_type difference_type;

  // allocation/deallocation

  multiset() : t(Compare()) {}
  explicit multiset(const Compare& comp) : t(comp) {}

#ifdef __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES
  template <class InputIterator>
  multiset(InputIterator first, InputIterator last)
    : t(Compare()) { t.insert_equal(first, last); }
  template <class InputIterator>
  multiset(InputIterator first, InputIterator last, const Compare& comp)
    : t(comp) { t.insert_equal(first, last); }
#else
  multiset(const value_type* first, const value_type* last)
    : t(Compare()) { t.insert_equal(first, last); }
  multiset(const value_type* first, const value_type* last,
           const Compare& comp)
    : t(comp) { t.insert_equal(first, last); }

  multiset(const_iterator first, const_iterator last)
    : t(Compare()) { t.insert_equal(first, last); }
  multiset(const_iterator first, const_iterator last, const Compare& comp)
    : t(comp) { t.insert_equal(first, last); }
#endif /* __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES */

  multiset(const multiset<Key, Compare, Alloc>& x) : t(x.t) {}
  multiset<Key, Compare, Alloc>&
  operator=(const multiset<Key, Compare, Alloc>& x) {
    t = x.t; 
    return *this;
  }

  // accessors:

  key_compare key_comp() const { return t.key_comp(); }
  value_compare value_comp() const { return t.key_comp(); }
  iterator begin() const { return t.begin(); }
  iterator end() const { return t.end(); }
  reverse_iterator rbegin() const { return t.rbegin(); } 
  reverse_iterator rend() const { return t.rend(); }
  bool empty() const { return t.empty(); }
  size_type size() const { return t.size(); }
  size_type max_size() const { return t.max_size(); }
  void swap(multiset<Key, Compare, Alloc>& x) { t.swap(x.t); }

  // insert/erase
  iterator insert(const value_type& x) { 
    return t.insert_equal(x);
  }
  iterator insert(iterator position, const value_type& x) {
    typedef typename rep_type::iterator rep_iterator;
    return t.insert_equal((rep_iterator&)position, x);
  }

#ifdef __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES  
  template <class InputIterator>
  void insert(InputIterator first, InputIterator last) {
    t.insert_equal(first, last);
  }
#else
  void insert(const value_type* first, const value_type* last) {
    t.insert_equal(first, last);
  }
  void insert(const_iterator first, const_iterator last) {
    t.insert_equal(first, last);
  }
#endif /* __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES */
  void erase(iterator position) { 
    typedef typename rep_type::iterator rep_iterator;
    t.erase((rep_iterator&)position); 
  }
  size_type erase(const key_type& x) { 
    return t.erase(x); 
  }
  void erase(iterator first, iterator last) { 
    typedef typename rep_type::iterator rep_iterator;
    t.erase((rep_iterator&)first, (rep_iterator&)last); 
  }
  void clear() { t.clear(); }

  // multiset operations:

  iterator find(const key_type& x) const { return t.find(x); }
  size_type count(const key_type& x) const { return t.count(x); }
  iterator lower_bound(const key_type& x) const {
    return t.lower_bound(x);
  }
  iterator upper_bound(const key_type& x) const {
    return t.upper_bound(x); 
  }
  pair<iterator,iterator> equal_range(const key_type& x) const {
    return t.equal_range(x);
  }
  friend bool operator== __STL_NULL_TMPL_ARGS (const multiset&,
                                               const multiset&);
  friend bool operator< __STL_NULL_TMPL_ARGS (const multiset&,
                                              const multiset&);
};