系统报错解决：Illegal mix of collations (gbk_chinese_ci,IMPLICIT) and (utf8_general_ci,COERCIBLE)

### Cause: java.sql.SQLException: Illegal mix of collations (gbk_chinese_ci,IMPLICIT) and (utf8_general_ci,COERCIBLE) for operation ‘like’

原因分析：

1.数据库表数据的编码不一致；

解决：
用sql将数据修改为统一编码：

alter table lf_ctrl_net convert to character set utf8 collate utf8_general_ci;

2.数据库内存在多种编码：

查看方式：

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character_set_%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | latin1 |
| character_set_connection | latin1 |
| character_set_database | latin1 |
| character_set_results | latin1 |
| character_set_server | latin1 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'collation_%';
+----------------------+-------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+-------------------+
| collation_connection | latin1_swedish_ci |
| collation_database | latin1_swedish_ci |
| collation_server | latin1_swedish_ci |
+----------------------+-------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

解决方式：

-- 依次执行：
set character_set_client =gb2312;
set character_set_connection =gb2312;
set character_set_database =gb2312;
set character_set_results =gb2312;
set character_set_server =gb2312;
set character_set_system =gb2312; --此处utf-8也可以

-- 然后执行：
SET collation_server = gb2312_chinese_ci
SET collation_database = gb2312_chinese_ci
SET collation_connection =gb2312_chinese_ci

3.数据库和mysql的编码不一致，需要去 my.cnf 修改编码格式，这种出现的可能性较小。