1.idea启动tomcat项目
1.1 修改pom文件的war包名称
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.testfan</groupId>
<artifactId>mavenweb</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>4.0.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- 配置文件工具包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-configuration</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-configuration</artifactId>
<version>1.10</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 邮件工具包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-email</artifactId>
<version>1.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.11</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-dbutils</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbutils</artifactId>
<version>1.7</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 连接池 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.5.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.18.4</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<!-- war包名称 -->
<finalName>mavenweb</finalName>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<!-- maven 插件扩展 jetty:run-war -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.eclipse.jetty</groupId>
<artifactId>jetty-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>9.2.18.v20160721</version>
<configuration>
<war>${project.basedir}/target/${artifactId}</war>
<httpConnector>
<port>8088</port>
</httpConnector>
<webAppConfig>
<contextPath>/${project.artifactId}</contextPath>
</webAppConfig>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
1.2 配置tomcat
在打开的Run/Debug Configurations对话框中,点击左上方的+号,选择Tomcat Server->Local,如下图所示:
输入服务器的名称,然后点击Configure来配置Application Servers,主要是选择到tomcat的目录,如下图所示:
切换到Deployment后,选择要部署的war包,然后右侧输入项目的访问目录名,如下图所示:
点击右上角的运行按钮,如下图所示:
1.3 打开的页面在哪里配置
2.JSP
2.1 什么是JSP
JSP(Java Server Pages),即Java服务器界面,是指:
●在HTML中嵌入Java脚本代码
●由应用服务器中的JSP引擎来编译和执行嵌入的Java脚本代码
●然后将生成的整个页面信息返回给客户端
2.2 JSP乱码问题
乱码问题可以通过指定编码格式来解决
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
你好,index2
</body>
</html>
调用Java代码
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@page import="email.*"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<%
EmailUtils.sendMsg("11");
%>
发送邮件
</body>
</html>
3.Servlet
3.1Servlet简介
Servlet是sun公司提供的一门用于开发动态web资源的技术。
Sun公司在其API中提供了一个servlet接口,用户若想用发一个动态web资源(即开发一个Java程序向浏览器输出数据),需要完成以下2个步骤:
1、编写一个Java类,实现servlet接口。
2、把开发好的Java类部署到web服务器中。
按照一种约定俗成的称呼习惯,通常我们也把实现了servlet接口的java程序,称之为Servlet
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>4.0.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
3.2 创建servlet
package servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import email.EmailUtils;
/**
* Servlet implementation class MyServelt
*/
public class MyServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
/**
* @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
*/
public MyServlet() {
super();
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
String title=request.getParameter("title");
System.out.println("------"+title);
try {
EmailUtils.sendMsg(title);
request.setAttribute("msg", "成功了");
//调整一个页面
request.getRequestDispatcher("success.jsp").forward(request, response);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
//调整失败页面
request.getRequestDispatcher("error.jsp").forward(request, response);
}
}
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
doGet(request, response);
}
}
success.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<font color="red"><%=request.getAttribute("msg")%></font>
</body>
</html>
修改web.xml(访问路径)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" version="2.5">
<display-name>mavenweb</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index2.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<servlet>
<description></description>
<display-name>MyServelt</display-name>
<servlet-name>MyServelt</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>servlet.MyServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>MyServelt</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/sendMail</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
访问接口:
3.3.JSTL
JSTL是Java中的一个定制标记库集。JSP标准标签库(JSTL)是一个JSP标签集合,它封装了JSP应用的通用核心功能。JSTL支持通用的、结构化的任务,比如迭代,条件判断,XML文档操作,国际化标签,SQL标签。 除了这些,它还提供了一个框架来使用集成JSTL的自定义标签。
dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<font color="red">${msg}</font>//简化代码
</body>
</html>
3.5 循环数据库对象显示
package servlet;
import lombok.Data;
@Data
public class IdCard {
//数据库字段和对象字段就ok
private String phone; //空
private String idcard;
private String color;
@Override
public String toString() {
return "[phone=" + phone + ", idcard=" + idcard + ", color=" + color + "]";
}
}
package servlet;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.BeanListHandler;
import utils.JdbcUtils;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;
public class MysqlServlet extends HttpServlet {
/**
* @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
*/
public MysqlServlet() {
super();
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
QueryRunner queryRunner = new QueryRunner(JdbcUtils.getDataSource());
String sql = "select * from id_card";
List<IdCard> list = null;
try {
list = (List<IdCard>) queryRunner.query(sql, new BeanListHandler(IdCard.class));
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
request.setAttribute("idcardList", list);
request.getRequestDispatcher("idCard.jsp").forward(request, response);
}
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
doGet(request, response);
}
}
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<table border="2" height="100" width="400">
<caption>卡信息</caption>
<tr>
<th>id</th>
<th>用户名</th>
<th>用户密码</th>
</tr>
<c:forEach var="card" items="${idcardList}">
<tr>
<td>${card.idcard}</td>
<td>${card.phone}</td>
<td>${card.color}</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</table>
</body>
</html>
运行效果:
4. Spring MVC
4.1 简单应用
4.1.1 pom文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.testfan</groupId>
<artifactId>springmvc</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>1.0.3-BUILD-SNAPSHOT</version>
<properties>
<java-version>1.6</java-version>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<org.springframework-version>5.1.9.RELEASE</org.springframework-version>
<org.aspectj-version>1.6.10</org.aspectj-version>
<org.slf4j-version>1.6.6</org.slf4j-version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- Spring -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
<exclusions>
<!-- Exclude Commons Logging in favor of SLF4j -->
<exclusion>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.testng</groupId>
<artifactId>testng</artifactId>
<version>7.3.0</version>
<!-- <scope>test</scope> -->
</dependency>
<!-- AspectJ -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
<version>${org.aspectj-version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Logging -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>${org.slf4j-version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
<version>${org.slf4j-version}</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>${org.slf4j-version}</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- @Inject -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.inject</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.inject</artifactId>
<version>1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Servlet -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>4.0.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- json依赖包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.9.7</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>2.9.7</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
<version>2.9.7</version>
</dependency>
<!-- <dependency> -->
<!-- <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat</groupId> -->
<!-- <artifactId>jackson-dataformat-xml</artifactId> -->
<!-- <version>2.9.7</version> -->
<!-- </dependency> -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.7</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.18.12</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.22</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-dbutils</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbutils</artifactId>
<version>1.7</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.5.5</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>springmvc</finalName>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.eclipse.jetty</groupId>
<artifactId>jetty-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>9.2.18.v20160721</version>
<configuration>
<war>${project.basedir}/target/${artifactId}</war>
<httpConnector>
<port>8098</port>
</httpConnector>
<webAppConfig>
<contextPath>/${project.artifactId}</contextPath>
</webAppConfig>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
4.1.2 JSP页面
jsp页面在webapp/WEB-INF/views/目录下
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<%@ page session="false" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Home</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>
Hello world!
</h1>
<P> The time on the server is ${serverTime}. </P>
<hr>
<P> The ModelAndView name is ${name}. </P>
<hr>
<P> The user name is ${user.name}. </P>
</body>
</html>
4.1.3 接口实现类
package com.testfan.spring;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* Handles requests for the application home page.
*/
@Controller
public class SpringMVCTestController {
private static final Logger logger =LoggerFactory.getLogger(SpringMVCTestController.class);
@Autowired
HttpServletRequest request;
// 页面跳转和传参数 ModelAndView 方式
@RequestMapping(value="/getHome",method = RequestMethod.GET)
public ModelAndView test(){
ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView("hometest");
modelAndView.addObject("name","独孤秋水");
return modelAndView;
}
//返回的是页面的名称
@GetMapping(value="/getHome2")
public String test2(){
request.setAttribute("name","东方不败");
return "hometest";
}
// 动态参数 reqeust 第二种用法
@GetMapping(value = "/test2/{type}/{name}")
public String test3(@PathVariable("type") String type, @PathVariable("name") String name) {
request.setAttribute("name", name);
return "hometest";
}
// Object...
// 参数传递
@GetMapping("/loginHome")
public ModelAndView login(@RequestParam(required = true) String name, String pass) {
System.out.println("name " + name);
System.out.println("pass " + pass);
UserBean user = new UserBean();
user.setName(name);
user.setPass(pass);
Map<String, Object> data = new HashMap<String, Object>();
data.put("user", user);
return new ModelAndView("hometest", data);
}
// 参数传递
@GetMapping("/loginHome2")
public String login2(UserBean userBean) {
System.out.println("name " + userBean.getName());
System.out.println("pass " + userBean.getPass());
request.setAttribute("user", userBean);
return "hometest";
}
}
4.1.4 运行
运行结果: