Mybatis笔记（二） Mybatis入门与CRUD

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Mybatis

2、Mybatis入门及CRUD实现

1. 搭建实验数据库

CREATE DATABASE `mybatis`;

USE `mybatis`;

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`;

CREATE TABLE `user` (
  `id` int(20) NOT NULL,
  `name` varchar(30) DEFAULT NULL,
  `pwd` varchar(30) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

insert  into `user`(`id`,`name`,`pwd`) values (1,'狂神','123456'),(2,'张三','abcdef'),(3,'李四','987654');

2. Maven配置文件pom.xml，导包

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis-study</artifactId>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <modules>
        <module>mybatis-01</module>
    </modules>
    <!--导入依赖-->
    <dependencies>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.18</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.junit.jupiter/junit-jupiter-api -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
            <version>5.5.2</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <!--在build中配置resources，来防止我们资源导出失败的问题-->
    <build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>
    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.encoding>UTF-8</maven.compiler.encoding>
        <java.version>11</java.version>
        <maven.compiler.source>11</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>11</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

</project>

3. 编写Mybatis核心配置文件mybatis-config.xml

放在resources文件夹下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=true&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="123456"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="com/gang/dao/UserMapper.xml"/>
    </mappers>

</configuration>

4. 编写Mybatis工具类

package com.gang.utils;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
//sqlSessionFactory sqlSession
public class MybatisUtils {
    private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
    static {

//        InputStream inputStream = null;
        try {
            // 使用Mybatis第一步 :获取sqlSessionFactory对象
            String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
            InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
            sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);

        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
//    既然有了 SqlSessionFactory，顾名思义，我们就可以从中获得 SqlSession 的实例了。
//    SqlSession 完全包含了面向数据库执行 SQL 命令所需的所有方法。
    public static SqlSession getSqlSession(){
        return sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
    }
}

5. 创建实体类

实体类属性与数据库的属性一一对应，最好名字相同

package com.gang.pojo;
// 实体类
public class User {
    private Integer id;
    private String username;
    private String pwd;

    public User() {
    }

    public User(Integer id, String username, String pwd) {
        this.id = id;
        this.username = username;
        this.pwd=pwd;
    }

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPwd() {
        return pwd;
    }

    public void setPwd(String pwd) {
        this.pwd = pwd;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", username='" + username + '\'' +
                ", pwd='" + pwd + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

6. 编写Mapper（或称为Dao）接口类

package com.gang.dao;
import com.gang.pojo.User;
import java.util.List;

public interface UserDao {
    List<User> getUserList();
    User getUserbyid(int id);
    int addUser(User user);
    int deleteUser(int id);
    int updateUser(User user);
}

7. 编写Mapper.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!--namespace=绑定一个对应的DAO/Mapper 接口-->
<mapper namespace="com.gang.dao.UserDao">
    <!--获得所有用户列表-->
    <select id="getUserList" resultType="com.gang.pojo.User">
        select * from mybatis.user;
    </select>

    <!--根据id查询用户-->
    <select id="getUserbyid" parameterType="int" resultType="com.gang.pojo.User">
        select * from mybatis.user where id=#{id};
    </select>

    <!--插入一个用户-->
    <insert id="addUser" parameterType="com.gang.pojo.User">
        insert into mybatis.user (id,username,pwd) values(#{id},#{username},#{pwd});
    </insert>

    <!--删除一个用户-->
    <delete id="deleteUser" parameterType="int">
        delete from mybatis.user where id=#{id};
    </delete>

    <!--修改用户信息-->
    <update id="updateUser" parameterType="com.gang.pojo.User">
        update mybatis.user set pwd=#{pwd},username=#{username} where id=#{id};
    </update>

</mapper>

8. 编写测试类

​ 目录设置与main的路径相同，养成一个良好的习惯

package com.gang.dao;

import com.gang.pojo.User;
import com.gang.utils.MybatisUtils;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;

import java.util.List;

public class UserDaoTest {
    @Test
    public void test(){
        //第一步：获得sqlSession对象
        SqlSession sqlSession= MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();

        //方式1：getMapper
        UserDao userDao=sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
        List<User> userList=userDao.getUserList();

        for (User user : userList) {
            System.out.println(user);

        }
        sqlSession.close();
    }

    @Test
    public void test2(){
        SqlSession sqlSession=MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        UserDao userDao=sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
        User user=userDao.getUserbyid(1);
        System.out.println(user);
        sqlSession.close();
    }

    @Test
    public void test3(){
        SqlSession sqlSession=MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        UserDao userDao=sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
        userDao.addUser(new User(4,"baby","46121"));
        sqlSession.commit(); //所有的增删改必须提交事务

        sqlSession.close();
    }

    @Test
    public void test4(){
        SqlSession sqlSession=MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        UserDao userDao=sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
        userDao.deleteUser(2);
        sqlSession.commit(); //所有的增删改必须提交事务

        sqlSession.close();

    }

    @Test
    public void test5(){
        SqlSession sqlSession=MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        UserDao userDao=sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
        userDao.updateUser(new User(4,"heha","dsfas"));
        sqlSession.commit(); //所有的增删改必须提交事务

        sqlSession.close();

    }
}

9. 运行测试

10. 问题说明

​ 为了避免出现maven静态资源过滤问题，在pom.xml中加上以下代码

<!--在build中配置resources，来防止我们资源导出失败的问题-->
    <build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>

11. 注意点

• 所有的增删改操作都需要提交事务 sqlSession.commit()
• 接口所有的普通参数，尽量都写上@Param参数，尤其是多个参数时，必须写上！
• 有时候根据业务的需求，可以考虑使用map传递参数！
• 为了规范操作，在SQL的配置文件中，我们尽量将Parameter参数和resultType都写上！

12. Extra

• 模糊查询

​ method 1：在java代码中添加sql通配符

string wildcardname = “%smi%”;
list<name> names = mapper.selectlike(wildcardname);
 
<select id=”selectlike”>
 select * from foo where bar like #{value}
</select>

​ method 2：在sql语句中拼接通配符，但是存在sql注入问题

string wildcardname = “smi”;
list<name> names = mapper.selectlike(wildcardname);
 
<select id=”selectlike”>
     select * from foo where bar like "%"#{value}"%"
</select>