Spring学习笔记3——使用注解的方式完成注入对象中的效果

最新推荐文章于 2022-12-19 15:17:15 发布

FloatingAround

最新推荐文章于 2022-12-19 15:17:15 发布

阅读量76

点赞数

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_33317402/article/details/88400194

版权

Spring学习笔记3——使用注解的方式完成注入对象中的效果

第一步：修改applicationContext.xml

添加<context:annotation-config/>表示告诉Spring要用注解的方式进行配置

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 3     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 4     xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
 5     xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
 6     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
 7     xsi:schemaLocation="
 8    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 9    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
10    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
11    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
12    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
13    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
14    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context     
15    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
16 
17   <context:annotation-config/>
18     <bean name="category" class="com.spring.cate.Category">
19         <property name="name" value="category 3333" />
20     </bean>
21     <bean name="product" class="com.spring.cate.Product">
22         <property name="name" value="product 3333" />
23     </bean>
24 
25 </beans>

第二步：在Product.java的category属性前加上@Autowired注解

 1 package com.spring.cate;
 2 
 3 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
 4 
 5 
 6 public class Product {
 7     private int id;
 8     private String name;
 9     @Autowired
10     private Category category;
11 
12     public int getId() {
13         return id;
14     }
15 
16     public void setId(int id) {
17         this.id = id;
18     }
19 
20     public String getName() {
21         return name;
22     }
23 
24     public void setName(String name) {
25         this.name = name;
26     }
27 
28     public Category getCategory() {
29         return category;
30     }
31 
32     public void setCategory(Category category) {
33         this.category = category;
34     }
35 }

第三步：测试

 1 package com.spring.test;
 2 
 3 import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
 4 import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
 5 
 6 import com.spring.cate.Product;
 7 
 8 public class TestSpring {
 9 
10     public static void main(String[] args) {
11         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
12         ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[] { "applicationContext.xml" });
13         Product p = (Product) context.getBean("product");
14         System.out.println(p.getName());
15         System.out.println(p.getCategory().getName());
16     }
17 
18 }

第四步：除了前面的在属性前加@Autowired这种方式外，也可以在setCategory方法前加上@Autowired，这样来达到相同的效果

第五步：除了@Autowired之外，@Resource也是常用的手段

 1 package com.spring.cate;
 2 
 3 import javax.annotation.Resource;
 4 
 5 //@Component("product")
 6 public class Product {
 7     private int id;
 8     // private String name = "product1";
 9     private String name;
10     @Resource(name = "category")
11     private Category category;
12 
13     public int getId() {
14         return id;
15     }
16 
17     public void setId(int id) {
18         this.id = id;
19     }
20 
21     public String getName() {
22         return name;
23     }
24 
25     public void setName(String name) {
26         this.name = name;
27     }
28 
29     public Category getCategory() {
30         return category;
31     }
32 
33     public void setCategory(Category category) {
34         this.category = category;
35     }
36 }

第六步：对Bean的注解

上述例子是对注入对象行为的注解，那么bean对象本身，比如Category,Product可不可以移出applicationContext.xml配置文件，也通过注解进行呢？
接下来就讲解如何对Bean进行注解配置

第七步：修改applicationContext.xml

修改applicationContext.xml，什么都去掉，只新增： <context:component-scan base-package="com.spring.cate"/>

其作用是告诉Spring，bean都放在com.spring.cate这个包下

第八步：@Component

为Product类加上@Component注解，即表明此类是bean

为Category 类加上@Component注解，即表明此类是bean

另外，因为配置从applicationContext.xml中移出来了，所以属性初始化放在属性声明上进行了。

Product.java

 1 package com.spring.cate;
 2 
 3 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
 4 import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
 5 
 6 @Component("product")
 7 public class Product {
 8     private int id;
 9     private String name = "product1";
10     @Autowired
11     private Category category;
12 
13     public int getId() {
14         return id;
15     }
16 
17     public void setId(int id) {
18         this.id = id;
19     }
20 
21     public String getName() {
22         return name;
23     }
24 
25     public void setName(String name) {
26         this.name = name;
27     }
28 
29     public Category getCategory() {
30         return category;
31     }
32 
33     public void setCategory(Category category) {
34         this.category = category;
35     }
36 }

Category.java

 1 package com.spring.cate;
 2 
 3 import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
 4 
 5 @Component("category")
 6 public class Category {
 7     private int id;
 8     private String name = "category1";
 9 
10     public int getId() {
11         return id;
12     }
13 
14     public void setId(int id) {
15         this.id = id;
16     }
17 
18     public String getName() {
19         return name;
20     }
21 
22     public void setName(String name) {
23         this.name = name;
24     }
25 }