K8S常用命令整理

背景

K8S所有的命令行操作本质是对资源的CRUD有一个对应关系，使用YAML描述资源的关系，使用cli对资源进行各种操作； 因为K8S命令实在太多，又有很多各种各样的操作参数非常难以记忆，本文帮大家把常用的k8s指令归类进行了整理，以便辅助记忆。

基础操作命令

alias k=kubectl echo ‘alias k=kubectl’ >>~/.bashrc

kubectl get pods -o=json

kubectl get pods -o=yaml

kubectl get pods -o=wide

kubectl get pods -n=<namespace_name>

kubectl create -f ./

kubectl logs -l name=

资源相关

kubectl create -f – Create objects.

kubectl create -f – Create objects in all manifest files in a directory.

kubectl create -f <‘url’> – Create objects from a URL.

kubectl delete -f – Delete an object.

集群相关

kubectl cluster-info – Display endpoint information about the master and services in the cluster.

kubectl version – Display the Kubernetes version running on the client and server.

kubectl config view – Get the configuration of the cluster.

kubectl config view -o jsonpath=’{.users[*].name}’ – Get a list of users.

kubectl config current-context – Display the current context.

kubectl config get-contexts – Display a list of contexts.

kubectl config use-context – Set the default context.

kubectl api-resources – List the API resources that are available.

kubectl api-versions – List the API versions that are available. kubectl get all --all-namespaces

Daemonsets 相关

kubectl get daemonset – List one or more daemonsets.

kubectl edit daemonset <daemonset_name> – Edit and update the definition of one or more daemonset.

kubectl delete daemonset <daemonset_name> – Delete a daemonset.

kubectl create daemonset <daemonset_name> – Create a new daemonset.

kubectl rollout daemonset – Manage the rollout of a daemonset.

kubectl describe ds <daemonset_name> -n <namespace_name> – Display the detailed state of daemonsets within a namespace.

Deployments相关

kubectl get deployment – List one or more deployments.

kubectl describe deployment <deployment_name> – Display the detailed state of one or more deployments.

kubectl edit deployment <deployment_name> – Edit and update the definition of one or more deployments on the server.

kubectl create deployment <deployment_name> – Create a new deployment.

kubectl delete deployment <deployment_name> – Delete deployments.

kubectl rollout status deployment <deployment_name> – See the rollout status of a deployment.

kubectl set image deployment/ =image: – Perform a rolling update (K8S default), set the image of the container to a new version for a particular deployment.

kubectl rollout undo deployment/ – Rollback a previous deployment.

kubectl replace --force -f – Perform a replace deployment — Force replace, delete and then re-create the resource.

事件相关

kubectl get events – List recent events for all resources in the system.

kubectl get events –field-selector type=Warning – List Warnings only.

kubectl get events --sort-by=.metadata.creationTimestamp – List events sorted by timestamp.

kubectl get events --field-selector involvedObject.kind!=Pod – List events but exclude Pod events.

kubectl get events --field-selector involvedObject.kind=Node, involvedObject.name=<node_name> – Pull events for a single node with a specific name.

kubectl get events --field-selector type!=Normal – Filter out normal events from a list of events.

日志相关

kubectl logs <pod_name> – Print the logs for a pod.

kubectl logs --since=6h <pod_name> – Print the logs for the last 6 hours for a pod.

kubectl logs --tail=50 <pod_name> – Get the most recent 50 lines of logs.

kubectl logs -f <service_name> [-c <$container>] – Get logs from a service and optionally select which container.

kubectl logs -f <pod_name> – Print the logs for a pod and follow new logs.

kubectl logs -c <container_name> <pod_name> – Print the logs for a container in a pod.

kubectl logs <pod_name> pod.log – Output the logs for a pod into a file named ‘pod.log’.

kubectl logs --previous <pod_name> – View the logs for a previously failed pod.

Namespace 相关

kubectl create namespace <namespace_name> – Create a namespace.

kubectl get namespace <namespace_name> – List one or more namespaces.

kubectl describe namespace <namespace_name> – Display the detailed state of one or more namespaces.

kubectl delete namespace <namespace_name> – Delete a namespace.

kubectl edit namespace <namespace_name> – Edit and update the definition of a namespace.

kubectl top namespace <namespace_name> – Display Resource (CPU/Memory/Storage) usage for a namespace.

Nodes 相关

kubectl taint node <node_name> – Update the taints on one or more nodes.

kubectl get node – List one or more nodes.

kubectl delete node <node_name> – Delete a node or multiple nodes.

kubectl top node <node_name> – Display Resource usage (CPU/Memory/Storage) for nodes.

kubectl get pods -o wide | grep <node_name> – Pods running on a node.

kubectl annotate node <node_name> – Annotate a node.

kubectl cordon node <node_name> – Mark a node as unschedulable.

kubectl uncordon node <node_name> – Mark node as schedulable.

kubectl drain node <node_name> – Drain a node in preparation for maintenance.

kubectl label node – Add or update the labels of one or more nodes.

Pods 操作相关

kubectl get pod – List one or more pods.

kubectl get pods --sort-by=’.status.containerStatuses[0].restartCount’ – List pods Sorted by Restart Count.

kubectl get pods --field-selector=status.phase=Running – Get all running pods in the namespace.

kubectl delete pod <pod_name> – Delete a pod.

kubectl describe pod <pod_name> – Display the detailed state of a pods.

kubectl create pod <pod_name> – Create a pod.

kubectl exec <pod_name> -c <container_name> – Execute a command against a container in a pod. Read more: Using Kubectl Exec: Connect to Your Kubernetes Containers

kubectl exec -it <pod_name> /bin/sh – Get an interactive shell on a single-container pod.

kubectl top pod – Display Resource usage (CPU/Memory/Storage) for pods.

kubectl annotate pod <pod_name> – Add or update the annotations of a pod.

kubectl label pods <pod_name> new-label= – Add or update the label of a pod.

kubectl get pods --show-labels – Get pods and show labels.

kubectl port-forward : – Listen on a port on the local machine and forward to a port on a specified pod.

Replication Controller 相关

kubectl get rc – List the replication controllers.

kubectl get rc --namespace=”<namespace_name>” – List the replication controllers by namespace.

ReplicaSets 相关

kubectl get replicasets – List ReplicaSets.

kubectl describe replicasets <replicaset_name> – Display the detailed state of one or more ReplicaSets.

kubectl scale --replicas=[x] – Scale a ReplicaSet.

Sercrets 相关

kubectl create secret – Create a secret.

kubectl get secrets – List secrets.

kubectl describe secrets – List details about secrets.

kubectl delete secret <secret_name> – Delete a secret.

Services 相关

kubectl get services – List one or more services.

kubectl describe services – Display the detailed state of a service.

kubectl expose deployment [deployment_name] – Expose a replication controller, service, deployment, or pod as a new Kubernetes service.

kubectl edit services – Edit and update the definition of one or more services

Service Account相关

kubectl get serviceaccounts – List service accounts.

kubectl describe serviceaccounts – Display the detailed state of one or more service accounts.

kubectl replace serviceaccount – Replace a service account.

kubectl delete serviceaccount <service_account_name> – Delete a service account

StatefulSets 相关

kubectl get statefulset – List StatefulSet

kubectl delete statefulset/[stateful_set_name] --cascade=false – Delete StatefulSet only (not pods).