Mybatis入门实例

最新推荐文章于 2018-08-15 17:26:55 发布
最新推荐文章于 2018-08-15 17:26:55 发布
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分类专栏： Mybatis 实习 文章标签： mybatis
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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_33366229/article/details/78020227
版权

http://www.cnblogs.com/xdp-gacl/p/4261895.html

http://www.cnblogs.com/xdp-gacl/p/4262895.html
项目结构：
数据库表

CREATE TABLE `users` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `NAME` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  `age` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
);

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.ncsi</groupId>
  <artifactId>Mybatis</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>jar</packaging>

  <name>Mybatis</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
    <version>3.1.1</version>
</dependency>
    <!-- Mysql Dependency -->  
   <dependency>  
    <groupId>mysql</groupId>  
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>  
    <version>5.1.25</version>  
    </dependency>  
  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
         <groupId>arg.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
         <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
         <version>3.1</version>
         <configuration>
          <target>1.8</target>
          <source>1.8</source>
         </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
</project>

基于xml配置的入门实例以及CRUD

user实体

package com.ncsi.Mybatis.FirstDemoM;

public class User{
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private int age;
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }


    public User() {
        super();
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age + "]";
    }


}

config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">


      <configuration>
          <environments default="development">
               <environment id="development">
                       <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
                      <dataSource type="POOLED">
              <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
               <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis" />
               <property name="username" value="root" />
                <property name="password" value="123456liu" />
            </dataSource>
              </environment>
          </environments>

      <mappers>
         <mapper resource="Mapper/userMapper.xml"/>

      </mappers>



      </configuration>

userMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!-- 为这个mapper指定一个唯一的namespace，namespace的值习惯上设置成包名+sql映射文件名，这样就能够保证namespace的值是唯一的
例如namespace="me.gacl.mapping.userMapper"就是me.gacl.mapping(包名)+userMapper(userMapper.xml文件去除后缀)
 -->
<mapper namespace="Mapper.userMapper">
    <!-- 在select标签中编写查询的SQL语句， 设置select标签的id属性为getUser，id属性值必须是唯一的，不能够重复
    使用parameterType属性指明查询时使用的参数类型，resultType属性指明查询返回的结果集类型
    resultType="me.gacl.domain.User"就表示将查询结果封装成一个User类的对象返回
    User类就是users表所对应的实体类
    -->
    <!-- 
        根据id查询得到一个user对象
     -->
    <select id="getUser" parameterType="int" 
        resultType="com.ncsi.Mybatis.FirstDemoM.User">
        select * from users where id=#{id}
    </select>

<insert id="addUser" parameterType="com.ncsi.Mybatis.FirstDemoM.User">
         insert into users(name,age) values(#{name},#{age})
</insert>

<update id="updateUser" >
     update users  set age=age+2
</update>


<delete  id="deleteUser" parameterType="int">
      delete from users where id=#{id}
</delete>


</mapper>
<!-- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">

<mapper namespace="Mapper.userMapper">

         <select id="getUser" parameterType="int"   resultType="com.ncsi.Mybatis.FirstDemoM.User">
         select * from users where id=#{id}
         </select>

</mapper> -->

测试类：

package com.ncsi.Mybatis;

import java.io.InputStream;

import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

import com.ncsi.Mybatis.FirstDemoM.User;

public class FirstDemo {

    SqlSession  session=null;
    SqlSessionFactory sessionFactory=null;
    @Before
    public void testbefore(){
        String resource="config.xml";
        InputStream is=FirstDemo.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(resource);
         sessionFactory=new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is);
         session=sessionFactory.openSession();
    }
        @Test
        public void testFirstDemo(){    
            String statement="Mapper.userMapper.getUser";
            User user=session.selectOne(statement,1);
            System.out.println(user);
        }

        @Test
        public void addUser(){
             String statement="Mapper.userMapper.addUser";
             User u=new User();
             u.setName("重生之赵云在异世");
             u.setAge(0);
            int count= session.insert(statement,u);

            System.out.println(count);
        }

        @Test
        public void updateUser(){
             String statement="Mapper.userMapper.updateUser";

            int count= session.update(statement);
            System.out.println(count);
        }

        @Test
        public void deleteUser(){
             String statement="Mapper.userMapper.deleteUser";

            int count= session.delete(statement,1);
            System.out.println(count);
        }
      @After
        public void close(){
          session.commit();
            if(session!=null){
                session.close();
            }
        }
}

CRUD基于注解的实例

userMapperI

package com.ncsi.Mybatis.Interface;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Delete;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Insert;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Update;

import com.ncsi.Mybatis.FirstDemoM.User;

/**
 * @author gacl
 * 定义sql映射的接口，使用注解指明方法要执行的SQL
 */
public interface UserMapperI {

    //使用@Insert注解指明add方法要执行的SQL
    @Insert("insert into users(name, age) values(#{name}, #{age})")
    public int add(User user);

    //使用@Delete注解指明deleteById方法要执行的SQL
    @Delete("delete from users where id=#{id}")
    public int deleteById(int id);

    //使用@Update注解指明update方法要执行的SQL
    @Update("update users set name=#{name},age=#{age} where id=#{id}")
    public int update(User user);

    //使用@Select注解指明getById方法要执行的SQL
    @Select("select * from users where id=#{id}")
    public User getById(int id);

    //使用@Select注解指明getAll方法要执行的SQL
    @Select("select * from users")
    public List<User> getAll();
}

config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">


      <configuration>
          <environments default="development">
               <environment id="development">
                       <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
                      <dataSource type="POOLED">
              <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
               <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis" />
               <property name="username" value="root" />
                <property name="password" value="123456liu" />
            </dataSource>
              </environment>
          </environments>

      <mappers>
         <mapper resource="Mapper/userMapper.xml"/>
         <mapper class="com.ncsi.Mybatis.Interface.UserMapperI"/>
      </mappers>



      </configuration>

工具类：

package com.ncsi.Mybatis.Util;
import java.io.InputStream;

import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;

public class MyBatisUtil {

    /**
     * 获取SqlSessionFactory
     * @return SqlSessionFactory
     */
    public static SqlSessionFactory getSqlSessionFactory() {
        String resource = "config.xml";
        InputStream is = MyBatisUtil.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(resource);
        SqlSessionFactory factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is);
        return factory;
    }

    /**
     * 获取SqlSession
     * @return SqlSession
     */
    public static SqlSession getSqlSession() {
        return getSqlSessionFactory().openSession();
    }

    /**
     * 获取SqlSession
     * @param isAutoCommit 
     *         true 表示创建的SqlSession对象在执行完SQL之后会自动提交事务
     *         false 表示创建的SqlSession对象在执行完SQL之后不会自动提交事务，这时就需要我们手动调用sqlSession.commit()提交事务
     * @return SqlSession
     */
    public static SqlSession getSqlSession(boolean isAutoCommit) {
        return getSqlSessionFactory().openSession(isAutoCommit);
    }
}

测试类：

package com.ncsi.Mybatis;

import java.util.List;

import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.junit.Test;

import com.ncsi.Mybatis.FirstDemoM.User;
import com.ncsi.Mybatis.Interface.UserMapperI;
import com.ncsi.Mybatis.Util.MyBatisUtil;

public class TestCRUDByAnnotationMapper {


    @Test
    public void testAdd(){
        SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtil.getSqlSession(true);
        //得到UserMapperI接口的实现类对象，UserMapperI接口的实现类对象由sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapperI.class)动态构建出来
        UserMapperI mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapperI.class);
        User user = new User();
        user.setName("用户xdp");
        user.setAge(20);
        int add = mapper.add(user);
        //使用SqlSession执行完SQL之后需要关闭SqlSession
        sqlSession.close();
        System.out.println(add);
    }

    @Test
    public void testUpdate(){
        SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtil.getSqlSession(true);
        //得到UserMapperI接口的实现类对象，UserMapperI接口的实现类对象由sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapperI.class)动态构建出来
        UserMapperI mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapperI.class);
        User user = new User();
        user.setId(3);
        user.setName("孤傲苍狼_xdp");
        user.setAge(26);
        //执行修改操作
        int retResult = mapper.update(user);
        //使用SqlSession执行完SQL之后需要关闭SqlSession
        sqlSession.close();
        System.out.println(retResult);
    }

    @Test
    public void testDelete(){
        SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtil.getSqlSession(true);
        //得到UserMapperI接口的实现类对象，UserMapperI接口的实现类对象由sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapperI.class)动态构建出来
        UserMapperI mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapperI.class);
        //执行删除操作
        int retResult = mapper.deleteById(7);
        //使用SqlSession执行完SQL之后需要关闭SqlSession
        sqlSession.close();
        System.out.println(retResult);
    }

    @Test
    public void testGetUser(){
        SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtil.getSqlSession();
        //得到UserMapperI接口的实现类对象，UserMapperI接口的实现类对象由sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapperI.class)动态构建出来
        UserMapperI mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapperI.class);
        //执行查询操作，将查询结果自动封装成User返回
        User user = mapper.getById(8);
        //使用SqlSession执行完SQL之后需要关闭SqlSession
        sqlSession.close();
        System.out.println(user);
    }

    @Test
    public void testGetAll(){
        SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtil.getSqlSession();
        //得到UserMapperI接口的实现类对象，UserMapperI接口的实现类对象由sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapperI.class)动态构建出来
        UserMapperI mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapperI.class);
        //执行查询操作，将查询结果自动封装成List<User>返回
        List<User> lstUsers = mapper.getAll();
        //使用SqlSession执行完SQL之后需要关闭SqlSession
        sqlSession.close();
        System.out.println(lstUsers);
    }
}

遇到的错误以及解决方案：

mybatis insert记录执行成功 但是在数据库没有显示数据：
mybatis和Hibernate一样 不是自动提交事务的，需要手动提交，需要加上
session.commit();

——————————

org.apache.ibatis.exceptions.PersistenceException: 
### Error building SqlSession.
### The error may exist in com.ncsi.Mybatis.Interface.UserMapperI
### Cause: org.apache.ibatis.builder.BuilderException: Error parsing SQL Mapper Configuration. Cause: java.io.IOException: Could not find resource com.ncsi.Mybatis.Interface.UserMapperI
    at org.apache.ibatis.exceptions.ExceptionFactory.wrapException(ExceptionFactory.java:23)
    at org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder.build(SqlSessionFactoryBuilder.java:79)
    at org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder.build(SqlSessionFactoryBuilder.java:63)
    at com.ncsi.Mybatis.Util.MyBatisUtil.getSqlSessionFactory(MyBatisUtil.java:17)
    at com.ncsi.Mybatis.Util.MyBatisUtil.getSqlSession(MyBatisUtil.java:37)
    at com.ncsi.Mybatis.TestCRUDByAnnotationMapper.testAdd(TestCRUDByAnnotationMapper.java:17)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:44)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:271)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:70)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:50)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:238)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:63)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:236)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:53)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:229)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:459)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:675)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192)
Caused by: org.apache.ibatis.builder.BuilderException: Error parsing SQL Mapper Configuration. Cause: java.io.IOException: Could not find resource com.ncsi.Mybatis.Interface.UserMapperI
    at org.apache.ibatis.builder.xml.XMLConfigBuilder.parseConfiguration(XMLConfigBuilder.java:105)
    at org.apache.ibatis.builder.xml.XMLConfigBuilder.parse(XMLConfigBuilder.java:88)
    at org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder.build(SqlSessionFactoryBuilder.java:77)
    ... 27 more
Caused by: java.io.IOException: Could not find resource com.ncsi.Mybatis.Interface.UserMapperI
    at org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources.getResourceAsStream(Resources.java:104)
    at org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources.getResourceAsStream(Resources.java:91)
    at org.apache.ibatis.builder.xml.XMLConfigBuilder.mapperElement(XMLConfigBuilder.java:309)
    at org.apache.ibatis.builder.xml.XMLConfigBuilder.parseConfiguration(XMLConfigBuilder.java:103)
    ... 29 more

<mapper resource="Mapper/userMapper.xml"/>
         <mapper class="com.ncsi.Mybatis.Interface.UserMapperI"/>

一个是resource属性加载xml
一个是class 属性加载class

————————————–
config.xml的头文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">

以及UserMapper.xml的头文件是不一样的

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

为实体类定义别名，简化sql映射xml文件中的引用

更改单个实体类别名:
上述例子 更改配置文件
config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">


      <configuration>
          <typeAliases>
              <typeAlias type="com.ncsi.Mybatis.FirstDemoM.User" alias="_User"/>
        </typeAliases>



          <environments default="development">
               <environment id="development">
                       <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
                      <dataSource type="POOLED">
              <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
               <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis" />
               <property name="username" value="root" />
                <property name="password" value="123456liu" />
            </dataSource>
              </environment>
          </environments>


      <mappers>

         <mapper resource="Mapper/userMapper.xml"/>
         <mapper class="com.ncsi.Mybatis.Interface.UserMapperI"/>
      </mappers>



      </configuration>

UserMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!-- 为这个mapper指定一个唯一的namespace，namespace的值习惯上设置成包名+sql映射文件名，这样就能够保证namespace的值是唯一的
例如namespace="me.gacl.mapping.userMapper"就是me.gacl.mapping(包名)+userMapper(userMapper.xml文件去除后缀)
 -->
<mapper namespace="Mapper.userMapper">
    <!-- 在select标签中编写查询的SQL语句， 设置select标签的id属性为getUser，id属性值必须是唯一的，不能够重复
    使用parameterType属性指明查询时使用的参数类型，resultType属性指明查询返回的结果集类型
    resultType="me.gacl.domain.User"就表示将查询结果封装成一个User类的对象返回
    User类就是users表所对应的实体类
    -->
    <!-- 
        根据id查询得到一个user对象
     -->


    <select id="getUser" parameterType="int" 
        resultType="_User">
        select * from users where id=#{id}
    </select>

<insert id="addUser" parameterType="_User">
         insert into users(name,age) values(#{name},#{age})
</insert>

<update id="updateUser" >
     update users  set age=age+2
</update>


<delete  id="deleteUser" parameterType="int">
      delete from users where id=#{id}
</delete>


</mapper>
<!-- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">

<mapper namespace="Mapper.userMapper">

         <select id="getUser" parameterType="int"   resultType="com.ncsi.Mybatis.FirstDemoM.User">
         select * from users where id=#{id}
         </select>

</mapper> -->

更改同一个包下的实体类别名：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">


      <configuration>
         <!--  <typeAliases>
              <typeAlias type="com.ncsi.Mybatis.FirstDemoM.User" alias="_User"/>
        </typeAliases> -->
      <!-- 配置实体类的别名，配置实体类别名的目的是为了在引用实体类时可以使用实体类的别名来代替实体类，达到简写的目的 -->
    <typeAliases>
        <!-- 为实体类me.gacl.domain.User配置一个别名_User -->
        <!-- <typeAlias type="me.gacl.domain.User" alias="_User"/> -->
        <!-- 为me.gacl.domain包下的所有实体类配置别名，MyBatis默认的设置别名的方式就是去除类所在的包后的简单的类名
        比如me.gacl.domain.User这个实体类的别名就会被设置成User
         -->
        <package name="com.ncsi.Mybatis.FirstDemoM"/>
    </typeAliases>


          <environments default="development">
               <environment id="development">
                       <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
                      <dataSource type="POOLED">
              <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
               <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis" />
               <property name="username" value="root" />
                <property name="password" value="123456liu" />
            </dataSource>
              </environment>
          </environments>


      <mappers>

         <mapper resource="Mapper/userMapper.xml"/>
         <mapper class="com.ncsi.Mybatis.Interface.UserMapperI"/>
      </mappers>



      </configuration>

就表示为这个包下面的所有实体类设置别名。MyBatis默认的设置别名的方式就是去除类所在的包后的简单的类名，比如com.ncsi.Mybatis.FirstDemoM.User这个实体类的别名就会被设置成User。

遇到的错误：

org.apache.ibatis.exceptions.PersistenceException: 
### Error building SqlSession.
### Cause: org.apache.ibatis.builder.BuilderException: Error creating document instance.  Cause: org.xml.sax.SAXParseException; lineNumber: 29; columnNumber: 23; The content of element type "configuration" must match "(properties?,settings?,typeAliases?,typeHandlers?,objectFactory?,objectWrapperFactory?,plugins?,environments?,databaseIdProvider?,mappers?)".
    at org.apache.ibatis.exceptions.ExceptionFactory.wrapException(ExceptionFactory.java:23)
    at org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder.build(SqlSessionFactoryBuilder.java:79)
    at org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder.build(SqlSessionFactoryBuilder.java:63)
    at com.ncsi.Mybatis.FirstDemo.testbefore(FirstDemo.java:22)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:44)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:24)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:27)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:271)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:70)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:50)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:238)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:63)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:236)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:53)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:229)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:459)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:675)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192)
Caused by: org.apache.ibatis.builder.BuilderException: Error creating document instance.  Cause: org.xml.sax.SAXParseException; lineNumber: 29; columnNumber: 23; The content of element type "configuration" must match "(properties?,settings?,typeAliases?,typeHandlers?,objectFactory?,objectWrapperFactory?,plugins?,environments?,databaseIdProvider?,mappers?)".
    at org.apache.ibatis.parsing.XPathParser.createDocument(XPathParser.java:253)
    at org.apache.ibatis.parsing.XPathParser.<init>(XPathParser.java:122)
    at org.apache.ibatis.builder.xml.XMLConfigBuilder.<init>(XMLConfigBuilder.java:71)
    at org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder.build(SqlSessionFactoryBuilder.java:76)
    ... 26 more
Caused by: org.xml.sax.SAXParseException; lineNumber: 29; columnNumber: 23; The content of element type "configuration" must match "(properties?,settings?,typeAliases?,typeHandlers?,objectFactory?,objectWrapperFactory?,plugins?,environments?,databaseIdProvider?,mappers?)".
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.createSAXParseException(ErrorHandlerWrapper.java:203)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.error(ErrorHandlerWrapper.java:134)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(XMLErrorReporter.java:396)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(XMLErrorReporter.java:327)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(XMLErrorReporter.java:284)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.dtd.XMLDTDValidator.handleEndElement(XMLDTDValidator.java:1994)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.dtd.XMLDTDValidator.endElement(XMLDTDValidator.java:879)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanEndElement(XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.java:1782)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl$FragmentContentDriver.next(XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.java:2967)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl.next(XMLDocumentScannerImpl.java:602)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanDocument(XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.java:505)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(XML11Configuration.java:841)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(XML11Configuration.java:770)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XMLParser.parse(XMLParser.java:141)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.DOMParser.parse(DOMParser.java:243)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.DocumentBuilderImpl.parse(DocumentBuilderImpl.java:339)
    at org.apache.ibatis.parsing.XPathParser.createDocument(XPathParser.java:251)
    ... 29 more

java.lang.NullPointerException
    at com.ncsi.Mybatis.FirstDemo.close(FirstDemo.java:60)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:44)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:33)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:271)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:70)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:50)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:238)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:63)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:236)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:53)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:229)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:459)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:675)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192)

解决方案：

<configuration>
         <typeAliases>
              <typeAlias type="com.ncsi.Mybatis.FirstDemoM.User" alias="_User"/>
        </typeAliases>

应该放在configuration的第一个标签下 不然会报以上错误

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