群晖【synology】通过 SSH 使用 RSA 密钥对登录 DSM(免密登录)

1. 在需要免密登录的终端(我这里使用的是一台Ubuntu)生成RSA密钥对

ssh-keygen -t rsa

2. 复制id_rsa.pub中的内容

root@VM-0-14-ubuntu:~/.ssh# ll
total 20
drwx------ 2 root root 4096 Jan  9 11:26 ./
drwx------ 8 root root 4096 Jan  9 11:42 ../
-rw------- 1 root root    0 Feb 11  2022 authorized_keys
-rw------- 1 root root 2602 Jan  8 17:04 id_rsa
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  573 Jan  8 17:04 id_rsa.pub
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1776 Jan  9 11:04 known_hosts

3.使用管理员账号通过SSH登录synology，切换到root账号，并进入到该账号的home目录，默认为/var/services/homes/[账号名]，看是否有.ssh目录，如果没有则创建，进入.ssh目录，创建authorized_keys，此时的authorized_keys是root，需要执行chown命令，赋予authorized_keys账号admin所属权限

root@synology:/var/services/homes/admin/.ssh# chown admin -R authorized_keys
root@synology:/var/services/homes/admin/.ssh# ll
total 12
drwxr-xr-x 2 root      root 4096 Jan  9 10:57 .
drwxr-xr-x 3 root      root 4096 Jan  8 16:39 ..
-rw------- 1 admin     root  573 Jan  9 10:57 authorized_keys

4.将[步骤2]中复制的id_rsa.pub的内容粘贴进authorized_keys中，并保存

root@synology:/var/services/homes/admin/.ssh# vim authorized_keys
ssh-rsa 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 root@VM-0-14-ubuntu
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:wq
root@synology:/var/services/homes/admin/.ssh# cat authorized_keys
ssh-rsa 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 root@VM-0-14-ubuntu

5.在需要免密登录的终端通过ssh命令登录

root@VM-0-14-ubuntu:~/.ssh# ssh -p63422 admin@nas.synology.net
admin@synology:~$