docker基础

docker images 查看镜像信息

docker tag 打标签类似于将一个镜像打了一个新的链接或者别名方便后续的使用

docker tag < 源镜像名称[:标签]> < 目标镜像名称[:标签]>

docker image inspect <镜像名称>查看镜像信息

docker image inspect -f {{".ContainerConfig.Hostname"}} ubuntu 查看某一个属性的信息

docker history <镜像名称> 创建镜像的过程

— 搜索镜像 —

docker search -f is-official=true <镜像名称>查找镜像 过滤非官方的

search -f stars=4 <镜像名称> 查找4个星的镜像

— 删除镜像 —

docker rmi <镜像名称>:[标签] 删除

如果有容器启动先删除容器

docker rm <容器ID>

docker image prune 清理被遗留的文件以及没有被使用的镜像

— 创建镜像—

• 基于容器创建

docker commit -a “liang” -m “test function” <容器ID> < 镜像名字[:标签]>

• 基于本地模板导入

cat <镜像.tar.gz> |docker import - <镜像名称>:[标签]

• 通过dockerfile创建

最常用的方式

—创建容器—

docker [container] create [option] <镜像名称> 参数比较多

docker start <容器id>

docker run [option] <镜像名称>

docker run -d ubuntu /bin/sh -c “while true ; do echo hello world ; sleep 1; done”

docker ps 查看正在运行的容器

—暂停容器—

docker pause <容器id|容器名称> 暂停

docker unpause <容器id|容器名称> 恢复

—终止容器—

docker stop <容器id|容器名称>

—清理所有停止的容器—

docker container prune

—进入容器—

docker attach <容器id|容器名称>

docker exec [option] <容器id|容器名称>

docker exec -it <容器id|容器名称> /bin/bash

—删除容器—

docker < container > rm <容器id|容器名称>

—导出容器—
docker export -o <导出文件的名称> <容器id|容器名称>
docker import <文件名称> [定义镜像名称:tag]

—查看容器—
docker container inspect <容器id|容器名称>

树结构 //todo 具体意思后面会补上

[
    {
        "Id": "b1e8fb33ddaa210f961a3097ee4a66579055a21841850caf5c496074422e1ef0", //容器id
        "Created": "2020-10-06T00:55:25.366594212Z", //创建时间
        "Path": "/bin/bash", //工作路径
        "Args": [
            "-c", //传入的参数
            "while true; do echo hello world; sleep 5; done"
        ],
        "State": { //容器的状态
            "Status": "running",
            "Running": true,
            "Paused": false,
            "Restarting": false,
            "OOMKilled": false,
            "Dead": false,
            "Pid": 3637,
            "ExitCode": 0,
            "Error": "",
            "StartedAt": "2020-10-06T00:55:27.178098008Z",  //启动时间
            "FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
        },
        "Image": "sha256:9140108b62dc87d9b278bb0d4fd6a3e44c2959646eb966b86531306faa81b09b", //使用的镜像id 
        "ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/b1e8fb33ddaa210f961a3097ee4a66579055a21841850caf5c496074422e1ef0/resolv.conf", //它是DNS客户机配置文件 对应 /etc/resolv.conf
        "HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/b1e8fb33ddaa210f961a3097ee4a66579055a21841850caf5c496074422e1ef0/hostname", //存放的是主机名 对应 /etc/hostname
        "HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/b1e8fb33ddaa210f961a3097ee4a66579055a21841850caf5c496074422e1ef0/hosts", // 域名与IP的关系 对应 /etc/hosts
        "LogPcath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/b1e8fb33ddaa210f961a3097ee4a66579055a21841850caf5c496074422e1ef0/b1e8fb33ddaa210f961a3097ee4a66579055a21841850caf5c496074422e1ef0-json.log", 
        "Name": "/nervous_banzai", //容器名称
        "RestartCount": 0, //重启次数
        "Driver": "overlay2", //驱动
        "Platform": "linux", //操作系统
        "MountLabel": "",   //和挂在有关
        "ProcessLabel": "",
        "AppArmorProfile": "",
        "ExecIDs": null,
        "HostConfig": {
            "Binds": null,
            "ContainerIDFile": "",
            "LogConfig": {
                "Type": "json-file",
                "Config": {}
            },
            "NetworkMode": "default",
            "PortBindings": {},
            "RestartPolicy": {
                "Name": "no",
                "MaximumRetryCount": 0
            },
            "AutoRemove": false,
            "VolumeDriver": "",
            "VolumesFrom": null,
            "CapAdd": null,
            "CapDrop": null,
            "Capabilities": null,
            "Dns": [],
            "DnsOptions": [],
            "DnsSearch": [],
            "ExtraHosts": null,
            "GroupAdd": null,
            "IpcMode": "private",
            "Cgroup": "",
            "Links": null,
            "OomScoreAdj": 0,
            "PidMode": "",
            "Privileged": false,
            "PublishAllPorts": false,
            "ReadonlyRootfs": false,
            "SecurityOpt": null,
            "UTSMode": "",
            "UsernsMode": "",
            "ShmSize": 67108864,
            "Runtime": "runc",
            "ConsoleSize": [
                42,
                286
            ],
            "Isolation": "",
            "CpuShares": 0,
            "Memory": 0,
            "NanoCpus": 0,
            "CgroupParent": "",
            "BlkioWeight": 0,
            "BlkioWeightDevice": [],
            "BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,
            "CpuPeriod": 0,
            "CpuQuota": 0,
            "CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
            "CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
            "CpusetCpus": "",
            "CpusetMems": "",
            "Devices": [],
            "DeviceCgroupRules": null,
            "DeviceRequests": null,
            "KernelMemory": 0,
            "KernelMemoryTCP": 0,
            "MemoryReservation": 0,
            "MemorySwap": 0,
            "MemorySwappiness": null,
            "OomKillDisable": false,
            "PidsLimit": null,
            "Ulimits": null,
            "CpuCount": 0,
            "CpuPercent": 0,
            "IOMaximumIOps": 0,
            "IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,
            "MaskedPaths": [
                "/proc/asound",
                "/proc/acpi",
                "/proc/kcore",
                "/proc/keys",
                "/proc/latency_stats",
                "/proc/timer_list",
                "/proc/timer_stats",
                "/proc/sched_debug",
                "/proc/scsi",
                "/sys/firmware"
            ],
            "ReadonlyPaths": [
                "/proc/bus",
                "/proc/fs",
                "/proc/irq",
                "/proc/sys",
                "/proc/sysrq-trigger"
            ]
        },
        "GraphDriver": {
            "Data": {
                "LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/60cf7a8b2168cee6d97c9c9545b5124762012da73e1bfa9c10c74d61e13bf11e-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/bdaf5b140f19548d6a87bbb0fbe5fd1851a46cc97b6ff6884f16dac6605935e1/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/c6068f4d768ee4dbb7472a40a1eb431eb3276ae4688ac0927657838671d4106b/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/5bdbdcf043e2e9ae66ba42386bef7afdb1835e4acb57f663e06dfb324f147e0a/diff",
                "MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/60cf7a8b2168cee6d97c9c9545b5124762012da73e1bfa9c10c74d61e13bf11e/merged",
                "UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/60cf7a8b2168cee6d97c9c9545b5124762012da73e1bfa9c10c74d61e13bf11e/diff",
                "WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/60cf7a8b2168cee6d97c9c9545b5124762012da73e1bfa9c10c74d61e13bf11e/work"
            },
            "Name": "overlay2"
        },
        "Mounts": [],
        "Config": {
            "Hostname": "b1e8fb33ddaa",
            "Domainname": "",
            "User": "",
            "AttachStdin": false,
            "AttachStdout": false,
            "AttachStderr": false,
            "Tty": false,
            "OpenStdin": false,
            "StdinOnce": false,
            "Env": [
                "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
            ],
            "Cmd": [
                "/bin/bash",
                "-c",
                "while true; do echo hello world; sleep 5; done"
            ],
            "Image": "ubuntu",
            "Volumes": null,
            "WorkingDir": "",
            "Entrypoint": null,
            "OnBuild": null,
            "Labels": {}
        },
        "NetworkSettings": {
            "Bridge": "",
            "SandboxID": "bf0b22625378aad4c45e5526d6bd97f6bac86bd18a7aedab4187dc4c03b5891d",
            "HairpinMode": false,
            "LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
            "LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "Ports": {},
            "SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/bf0b22625378",
            "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
            "SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
            "EndpointID": "30cfa16b0cbb9444f05b9bccf981d70c4031f977ca1aff52ca3ccc6f0fe20877",
            "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
            "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
            "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
            "IPPrefixLen": 16,
            "IPv6Gateway": "",
            "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
            "Networks": {
                "bridge": {
                    "IPAMConfig": null,
                    "Links": null,
                    "Aliases": null,
                    "NetworkID": "d8c51e0b38b74c20099a6897e3654c8e48386cbc874592d1cd524132fa9a47ca",
                    "EndpointID": "30cfa16b0cbb9444f05b9bccf981d70c4031f977ca1aff52ca3ccc6f0fe20877",
                    "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
                    "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
                    "IPPrefixLen": 16,
                    "IPv6Gateway": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
                    "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
                    "DriverOpts": null
                }
            }
        }
    }
]

—查看容器中的进程—

docker top <容器id|容器名称>

—查看容器使用资源情况—
docker stats <容器id|容器名称>

—复制文件到容器中—

docker cp <文件路径> <容器id|容器名称>:<文件路径>
docker cp hello.txt b1e:/hello.txt
docker cp <容器id|容器名称>:<文件路径> <文件路径>
docker cp b1e:/hello.txt hello.cp.txt

—查看变更—
docker [container] diff <容器id|容器名称>
docker diff b1e
—容器的端口—
docker [container] port <容器id|容器名称>

—更新配置—
docker update [options] <容器id|容器名称>