Python学习笔记（二十五）——第四十六、四十七、四十八讲

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_33613232/article/details/86721099

0、描述符就是一个类，一个至少实现__get__()、__set__()、__delete__()三个特殊方法中的任意一个的类

1、__get__()访问属性，返回属性的值

__set__()在属性分配操作中调用，不返回任何内容

__delete__()控制删除，不返回任何内容

2、都会打印

3、

4、访问实例层次上的描述符，只会返回描述符本身，所以需要定义在类的层次上

0、

class Mydes:

def __init__(self,value = None,name = None):

self.val = value

self.namae = name

def __get__(self,instance,owner):

print('正在获取变量'，self.name)

return self.val

def __set__(self,instance,value):

print('正在修改变量'，self.name)

self.val = value

def __delete__(self,instance):

print('正在删除变量'，self.name)

print('这个变量没法删除')

1、

import time as t

class Mydes:

def __init__(self,value = None,name = None):

self.val = value

self.name = name

self.filename = 'record.txt'

def __get__(self,instance,owner):

f = open(self.filename,'a',encoding = 'utf-8')

f.write('%s变量于北京时间%s被读取，%s = %s \n' % (self.name,t.ctime(),self.name,str(self.val)))

f.close()

return self.val

def __set__(self,instance,value):

self.val = value

f = open(self.filename,'a',encoding = 'utf-8')

f.write('%s变量于北京时间%s被修改，%s = %s \n' % (self.name,t.ctime(),self.name,str(self.val)))

f.close()

>>> class Test:

x = Mydes(10,'x')

y = Mydes(8.8,'y')

>>> test = Test()

>>> test.x

>>> test.y

8.8

>>> test.x=123

>>> test.x=1.23

>>> test.y='I love you'

>>>

2、

import os

import pickle

class Mydes:

saved = []

def __init__(self, name = None):

self.name = name

self.filename = self.name + '.pkl'

def __get__(self,instance,owner):

if self.name not in Mydes.saved:

raise AttributeError('%s属性还没有赋值' % (self.name))

with open(self.filename,'rb') as f:

value = pickle.load(f)

return value

def __set__(self,instance,value):

with open(self.filename,'wb') as f:

pickle.dump(value,f)

Mydes.saved.append(self.name)

def __delete__(self,instance):

os.remove(self.filename)

Mydes.saved.remove(self.name)

>>> class Test:

x = Mydes('x')

y = Mydes('y')

>>> test = Test()

>>> test.x=123

>>> test.y='I love you'

>>> test.x

123

>>> test.y

'I love you'

>>> del test.x

class CountList(list):

def __init__(self,*args):

super().__init__(args)

self.count = []

for i in args:

self.count.append(0)

def __len__(self):

return len(self.count)

def __getitem__(self,key):

self.count[key] += 1

return super().__getitem__(key)

def __setitem__(self,key,value):

self.count[key] += 1

return super().__setitem__(key,value)

def __delitem__(self,key):

del self.count[key]

return super().__delitem__(key)

def counter(self,key):

return self.count[key]

def append(self,value):

self.count.append(0)

super().append(value)

def pop(self,key = -1):

del self.count[key]

return super().pop(key)

def remove(self,value):

key = super().index(value)

del self.count[key]

super().remove(value)

def insert(self,key,value):

self.count.insert(key,0)

super().insert(key,value)

def clear(self):

self.count.clear()

super().clear()

def reverse(self):

self.count.reverse()

super().reverse()

运行结果

>>> a=CountList('x','y')

>>> a

['x', 'y']

>>> a[0] = 1

>>> a

[1, 'y']

>>> len(a)

>>> a.counter(0)

>>>

import datetime as t

class leapyear:

def __init__(self):

self.nt = t.date.today().year

def isleapyear(self,year):

if (year%4 == 0 and year%100 != 0) or (year%400 == 0):

return True

else:

return False

def __iter__(self):

return self

def __next__(self):

while not self.isleapyear(self.nt):

self.nt -= 1

temp = self.nt

self.nt -= 1#将年份提前一年便于下次判断

return temp

运行结果

>>> a = leapyear()

>>> for i in a:

if i >= 2000:

print(i)

else:

break

2016

2012

2008

2004

2000

class Myrev:

def __init__(self,data):

self.data = data

self.len1 = len(self.data)

def __iter__(self):

return self

def __next__(self):

if self.len1 == 0:

raise StopIteration

self.len1 -= 1

temp = self.data[self.len1]

return temp

运行结果

>>> a = Myrev('love')

>>> for i in a:

print(i,end='')

evol