数据库连接工具 DBUtil.java

方式一：使用相对路径

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.sql.*;
import java.util.Properties

public final class DBUtil{
    
    //数据库驱动
    private static String driver ="";
    
    //数据库url
    private static String url = "";

    //用户名
    private static String user= "";
    
    //密码
    private static String pwd ="";

    static{
        try{
            InputStream in = DBUtil.class.getClassLoader().getSystemResource("config/db.properties");
            Properties props = new Properties();
            props.load(in);
            driver = props.getProperties("driver");
            url = props.getProperties("url");
            user= props.getProperties("user");
            pwd = props.getProperties("pwd");
            Class.forName(driver);
        }catch( IOException | ClassNotFoundException e){
            System.out.println("load jdbc driver failed ! | driver:"+driver);
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    //获取connection连接
    public static Connection getConnection() throws SQLException{
        return DriverManager.getConnection(url,user,pwd);
    }
    
    //关闭资源
    public static void close (Connection connection,Statement statement, ResultSet resultSet){
        closeConnection(connection);
        closeStatement(statement);
        closeResultSet(resultSet);
    }
    
    //关闭连接
    public static void closeConnection(Connection conn){
        if(conn != null){
            try{
                conn.close();
            }catch(SQLException e){
                e.printStackTrace();
                System.out.println("closeConnection failed !");
            }
        }
    }

    
    public static void closeStatement(Statement st){
        if(st!= null){
            try{
                st.close();
            }catch(SQLException e){
                e.printStackTrace();
                System.out.println("closeStatementfailed !");
            }
        }
    }
    
    
    public static void closeResultSet(ResultSet rs){
        if(rs!= null){
            try{
                rs.close();
            }catch(SQLException e){
                e.printStackTrace();
                System.out.println("closeResultSet failed !");
            }
        }
    }   
}

特点：如果是springboot项目，打包的时候则会将db.properties配置文件直接打到jar包里去，导致外面可见的db.properties形同虚设，跟写死没什么区别！

以上是DBUtil 类，下面是db.properties配置文件

driver=oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver

url=jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:orcl

user=root

pwd=root

方式二：固定的配置文件路径

package cn.falcon.firs.Utils;

import com.mysql.jdbc.Connection;
import org.springframework.core.io.DefaultResourceLoader;
import org.springframework.core.io.Resource;
import org.springframework.core.io.ResourceLoader;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.util.Properties;

public class DBUtil {
    private static ResourceLoader resourceLoader = new DefaultResourceLoader();

    //数据库驱动
    private static String driver ="";

    //数据库url
    private static String url = "";

    //用户名
    private static String user= "";

    //密码
    private static String pwd ="";

    static{
        InputStream is = null;
        try{
            String path = "E:\\config\\db.properties";
            Properties props = new Properties();
            Resource resource = resourceLoader.getResource(path);
            is = resource.getInputStream();
            props.load(is);
            driver = props.getProperty("driver");
            url = props.getProperty("url");
            user= props.getProperty("user");
            pwd = props.getProperty("pwd");
            System.out.println("driver:"+driver+",url:"+url+",user："+user+",pwd:"+pwd);
            Class.forName(driver);
        }catch( IOException | ClassNotFoundException e){
            System.out.println("load jdbc driver failed ! | driver:"+driver);
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            if(is != null){
                try {
                    is.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }

    //获取connection连接
    public static Connection getConnection() throws SQLException {
        return (Connection) DriverManager.getConnection(url,user,pwd);
    }

    //关闭资源
    public static void close (Connection connection, Statement statement, ResultSet resultSet){
        closeConnection(connection);
        closeStatement(statement);
        closeResultSet(resultSet);
    }

    //关闭连接
    public static void closeConnection(Connection conn){
        if(conn != null){
            try{
                conn.close();
            }catch(SQLException e){
                e.printStackTrace();
                System.out.println("closeConnection failed !");
            }
        }
    }


    public static void closeStatement(Statement st){
        if(st!= null){
            try{
                st.close();
            }catch(SQLException e){
                e.printStackTrace();
                System.out.println("closeStatementfailed !");
            }
        }
    }


    public static void closeResultSet(ResultSet rs){
        if(rs!= null){
            try{
                rs.close();
            }catch(SQLException e){
                e.printStackTrace();
                System.out.println("closeResultSet failed !");
            }
        }
    }
}

方式三: 适用与SpringBoot项目，可配置在yaml配置文件中或aplication.properties文件；

使用时直接将DBUtil类通过@Autowired 注入，即可使用

package cn.falcon.firs.Utils;

import com.mysql.jdbc.Connection;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
@Configuration
public class DBUtil {
    //数据库驱动
    @Value("${driver}")
    private String driver ="";

    //数据库url
    @Value("${url}")
    private String url = "";

    //用户名
    @Value("${user}")
    private String user= "";

    //密码
    @Value("${pwd}")
    private String pwd ="";


    //获取connection连接
    public Connection getConnection() throws SQLException {
        java.sql.Connection conn = null;
        try {
            Class.forName(driver);
            conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url,user,pwd);
            System.out.println("数据库加载完成，driver:"+driver);
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return (Connection) conn;
    }

    //关闭资源
    public static void close (Connection connection, Statement statement, ResultSet resultSet){
        closeConnection(connection);
        closeStatement(statement);
        closeResultSet(resultSet);
    }

    //关闭连接
    public static void closeConnection(Connection conn){
        if(conn != null){
            try{
                conn.close();
            }catch(SQLException e){
                e.printStackTrace();
                System.out.println("closeConnection failed !");
            }
        }
    }


    public static void closeStatement(Statement st){
        if(st!= null){
            try{
                st.close();
            }catch(SQLException e){
                e.printStackTrace();
                System.out.println("closeStatementfailed !");
            }
        }
    }


    public static void closeResultSet(ResultSet rs){
        if(rs!= null){
            try{
                rs.close();
            }catch(SQLException e){
                e.printStackTrace();
                System.out.println("closeResultSet failed !");
            }
        }
    }
}