A002-185-2526(期末作业)

内容：

1. BPMN(Business Process Modelling Notations)

单词释义相关网站：

https://www.lucidchart.com/pages/bpmn
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_Process_Model_and_Notation

单词释义：

Business Process Modelling Notations, are used to define the process on paper with the help of predefined shapes of UML.
(业务流程建模符号用于在UML的预定义形状的帮助下在纸上定义流程。)

单词拓展释义：

Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) is a flow chart method that models the steps of a planned business process from end to end. A key to Business Process Management, it visually depicts a detailed sequence of business activities and information flows needed to complete a process. Its purpose is to model ways to improve efficiency, account for new circumstances or gain competitive advantage. The method has been undergoing a standardization push in the past few years and is now often called by a slightly different name: Business Process Model and Notation, still using the BPMN acronym. (业务流程建模符号(BPMN)是一种流程图方法，它对一个计划中的业务流程的步骤从头到尾进行建模。它是业务流程管理的一个关键，它直观地描述了完成一个流程所需的业务活动和信息流的详细顺序，其目的是为提高效率、应对新情况或获得竞争优势的方法建模。在过去的几年里，该方法一直在进行标准化的推进，现在通常用一个略微不同的名称来称呼：业务流程模型和符号，仍然使用BPMN的缩写。)

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2. Sequence diagram

单词释义相关网站：

https://www.lucidchart.com/pages/bpmn
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_Process_Model_and_Notation

单词释义：

A sequence diagram shows object interactions arranged in time sequence. It depicts the objects involved in the scenario and the sequence of messages exchanged between the objects needed to carry out the functionality of the scenario. Sequence diagrams are typically associated with use case realizations in the Logical View of the system under development. Sequence diagrams are sometimes called event diagrams or event scenarios.
A sequence diagram shows, as parallel vertical lines (lifelines), different processes or objects that live simultaneously, and, as horizontal arrows, the messages exchanged between them, in the order in which they occur. This allows the specification of simple runtime scenarios in a graphical manner.
(顺序图显示了按时间顺序排列的对象交互。 它描述了场景中涉及的对象以及实现场景功能所需的对象之间交换的消息序列。 序列图通常与正在开发的系统的逻辑视图中的用例实现相关联。 顺序图有时也称为事件图或事件场景。
顺序图以平行的垂直线（生命线）显示同时存在的不同过程或对象，并以水平箭头显示在它们之间交换的消息（按消息出现的顺序）。 这允许以图形方式指定简单的运行时方案。)

单词拓展释义：

Sequence diagrams are a popular dynamic modeling solution in UML because they specifically focus on lifelines, or the processes and objects that live simultaneously, and the messages exchanged between them to perform a function before the lifeline ends. Along with our UML diagramming tool, use this guide to learn everything there is to know about sequence diagrams in UML. (序列图是UML中流行的动态建模解决方案，因为它们专门关注生命线或同时存在的流程和对象，并且它们之间交换的消息可以在生命线结束之前执行功能。 与我们的UML图表绘制工具一起，使用本指南学习有关UML中序列图的所有知识。)

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3. Activity diagram

单词释义相关网站：

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/computer-science/activity-diagram

单词释义：

A diagram type in UML models the flow of actions in a system or in a component including data flows and areas of reponsibility where necessary. (UML中的图类型可以对系统或组件中的动作流进行建模，包括必要时的数据流和责任区域。)

单词拓展释义：

Activity diagrams have a more prominent place in SysML than they do in UML. Many system engineers are familiar with extended functional flow block diagrams (EFFBDs) and activity diagrams are semantically similar if visually distinct. SysML activity diagrams are significantly extended from their UML parent through the addition of flows that are continuous in value and continuous in time. Activity diagrams are semantically complete in the sense that they specify all the behavior of one or more elements.
(活动图在SysML中比在UML中具有更突出的位置。 许多系统工程师熟悉扩展功能流程图（EFFBD），并且活动图在外观上在语义上是相似的。 SysML活动图通过其值连续且时间连续的流的添加而从其UML父级显着扩展。 活动图在语义上是完整的，因为它们指定了一个或多个元素的所有行为。)

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4. Behavioral Models

单词释义相关网站：

https://sparxsystems.com/enterprise_architect_user_guide/15.2/model_domains/behavioraldiagrams.html

单词释义：

A model describing the behavior of a system or component, e.g., by a state machine. (描述行为的模型系统或组件，例如通过状态机。)

单词拓展释义：

UML Behavioral Diagrams depict the elements of a system that are dependent on time and that convey the dynamic concepts of the system and how they relate to each other. The elements in these diagrams resemble the verbs in a natural language and the relationships that connect them typically convey the passage of time. For example, a behavioral diagram of a vehicle reservation system might contain elements such as Make a Reservation, Rent a Car, and Provide Credit Card Details. Experienced modelers will show the relationship to structural elements on these diagrams.
(UML行为图描述了依赖于时间的系统元素，这些元素传达了系统的动态概念以及它们之间的相互关系。 这些图中的元素类似于自然语言中的动词，并且连接它们的关系通常传达时间的流逝。 例如，车辆预订系统的行为图可能包含诸如进行预订，租车和提供信用卡详细信息之类的元素。 经验丰富的建模人员将在这些图中显示与结构元素的关系。)

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5. Functional requirement

单词释义相关网站：

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/computer-science/functional-requirement
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/computer-science/functional-requirement

单词释义：

A requirement concerning a result of behavior that shall be provided by a function of a system (or of a component or service).
(由系统（或组件或服务）的功能提供的有关行为结果的要求。)

单词拓展释义：

A Functional Requiremen